Biblical Hebrew & Greek Lexicon

Father, ancestor, founder of clan; God as Father of Israel ('Is not He your Father, who bought you?', Deuteronomy 32:6).

Destitute, longing for deliverance; one who has no earthly resource and depends wholly on God for justice and bread.

Human being, humanity, collective mankind, and proper name of first man Adam; created on sixth day from dust of adamah, covenant head of race.

Ground, soil, arable land; material source of human physical existence, cursed on account of human transgression, yielding fruit under blessing.

The Lord, Sovereign, Master; title applied exclusively to the God of Israel as Sovereign Ruler of the earth and Master of His covenant people.

To love, delight in; commanded in Shema ('love the LORD your God with all your heart', Deuteronomy 6:5) and neighbor love (Leviticus 19:18).

Love, affection, relational commitment; describes God's unprovoked love for Israel (Deuteronomy 7:8) and ardent marital covenant devotion.

Physical light summoned at creation ('Let there be light'), spiritual revelation, purity, and divine favor ('The LORD is my light').

Sign, pledge, visible memorial token verifying divine covenants (rainbow, circumcision, sabbath).

Brother by blood or covenant kinship; duty of brotherly love, mutual aid, and protection of inheritance in Israel.

One, unified compound unity, solitary; centerpiece of Shema: 'The LORD our God, the LORD is one' (Deuteronomy 6:4), affirming absolute exclusivity and integrity of deity.

Latter end, future, final destiny; especially in prophetic phrase acharit ha-yamim ('the latter days / end of days', Genesis 49:1, Isaiah 2:2) marking Messianic era.

God, the Strong One; archaic Semitic designation of deity highlighting divine omnipotence, supremacy, and transcendence. Frequently in compound names (El Shaddai, El Elyon).

Solemn sworn curse attending covenant ratification; self-malediction invoked upon failure to maintain covenant obligations.

Aramaic equivalent of Hebrew Eloah; used in Daniel and Ezra for the God of heaven and earth (Elah Shemayya).

Emphatic state of Elah; the true living God in distinction from pagan idols.

Plural of majesty used predominantly with singular verbs to designate the one true God, Creator of the universe, possessing supreme transcendent power, sovereign authority, and plenitude of divine attributes.

Singular form of Elohim, occurring primarily in poetic and wisdom texts (Job) to designate the transcendent God of all creation.

Widow; woman whose provider has died, defenseless before creditors; Yahweh Himself acts as Judge and Defender of widows (Psalm 68:5).

Mother, bearer of life; honored in Decalogue, and metaphor for divine comfort ('As one whom his mother comforts', Isaiah 66:13).

Firmness, fidelity, steadfastness, trust; the unwavering reliability of God in keeping His word, and the steadfast fidelity required of the righteous.

Liturgical confirmation of covenant curses and blessings, ratifying corporate agreement with God's word ('Amen and Amen', Psalm 41:13).

Spoken word, poetic utterance; words of God in wisdom literature and Psalms pleasing to the soul (Psalm 19:14).

Commandment, promise; celebrated in Psalm 119 as refined, pure, life-giving truth ('Your word is very pure, therefore Your servant loves it', Psalm 119:140).

Firmness, stability, reliability, truth; that which is solid, trustworthy, and consistent with reality and God's character. Frequently paired with hesed.

Mortal man, human race; mortal frailty contrasted with heavenly power.

Nostril, nose; flaring of nostrils in anger; divine wrath aroused by sin and injustice, yet restrained by patience ('erek appayim').

Chest, ark; specifically Ark of the Covenant (Aron Ha-Berit) located in Holy of Holies, topped by Mercy Seat (Kapporet) and cherubim.

Long, patient, slow to anger ('erek appayim'), describing God's restraining of judicial wrath to allow space for repentance.

The terrestrial sphere, dry land, earth in contrast to heaven; profoundly the promised land of Canaan given by covenant to Abraham and his seed.

Passive participle of arar; under divine curse and judicial condemnation for breach of holy order.

To bind with a curse, pronounce judicial ban; applied to serpent and ground in Genesis 3, and to covenant breakers under law.

Fire; physical combustion and theophanic symbol of divine holiness, presence, and consuming judgment ('consuming fire', Deuteronomy 4:24).

Guilt offering, reparation offering; required when sacred things were violated, mandating full restitution plus one-fifth; applied to Servant (Isaiah 53:10).

Emptiness, void, vacancy; occurs in hendiadys with tohu to express uninhabited desolation awaiting divine creative fullness.

Chosen one, elect; designates covenant people, Moses the intercessor, David the royal shepherd, and Messianic Servant (Isaiah 42:1).

To choose, select, decide upon; denotes God's sovereign, unmerited election of Abraham, Israel, David, Jerusalem, and the Servant.

To fall forward, lie face down in complete security, trust unconditionally; unshakeable reliance upon God's covenant promises.

Confidence, assurance, secure reliance upon God in times of crisis (Ecclesiastes 9:4, Isaiah 36:4).

To separate mentally, discern between good and evil, perceive deep spiritual truth.

Discernment, intellectual faculty of comprehension, analytical insight guiding moral choices.

House, household, royal dynasty (House of David), and temple (Beit YHWH, House of the LORD).

Firstborn male possessing double portion and headship; applied to Israel (Exodus 4:22) and Davidic King ('My firstborn, highest of the kings of the earth', Psalm 89:27).

Right of firstborn; sacred covenant inheritance traded by Esau for stew, obtained by Jacob (Genesis 25:31).

Son, male offspring; covenant heir; Israel as God's firstborn son (Exodus 4:22), and Davidic King as begotten Son (Psalm 2:7).

Son, building block of community; 'children of the captivity' (Ezra 6:16).

Son; essential component of the premier Messianic apocalyptic title Bar Enash ('Son of Man', Daniel 7:13).

To create; a theological terminus technicus having exclusively God as subject, producing new realities ex nihilo without pre-existing materials.

A formal, legally binding compact or treaty sanctioned by oath and blood ceremony; the framework governing God's relation to creation, Israel, and David.

To kneel, adore, pronounce blessing, bestow beneficial favor and life-vitality; God blessing creatures imparts fertility and covenant flourishing.

Blessing, gift, invoked divine favor; foundational promise to Abraham ('in you all families of the earth shall be blessed', Genesis 12:3).

Glad news, reward for message of military victory; the joyful report of salvation.

To announce good tidings, herald glad news of victory and redemption; theological root of New Testament euangelion / gospel ('How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him who brings good tidings', Isaiah 52:7).

Flesh, physical body, humanity; expresses human kinship ('one flesh') and creaturely transience in contrast to the eternal Spirit of God.

Daughter; personified community of God's covenant people: Bat Tziyyon ('Daughter of Zion', Isaiah 52:2, Zechariah 9:9).

To buy back, ransom, liberate kin from debt/enslavement, avenge blood, maintain property in family; Yahweh acts as Goel of Israel redeeming from Egypt and exile.

Right of repurchase, price of liberation, redemption of family ancestral inheritance (Leviticus 25, Ruth 4:6, Jeremiah 32:7).

Heroic warrior, champion; divine title of the Messiah in Isaiah 9:6 ('El Gibbôr', Mighty God) conquering the powers of darkness.

Heroic strength, might, victory; power of God demonstrated in creation and in the historical redemption of Israel from Egypt.

To be great, grow, magnify; worship doxology exalting the greatness of God's Name above all creation.

Greatness, magnitude; used of the infinite majesty, power, and mercy of God in saving His people.

To revile, taunt, speak insolent blasphemies against the holy transcendent God of Israel (2 Kings 19:6, Psalm 44:16).

Nation, body of people, pagan gentiles; geopolitical peoples of earth in distinction from Israel, yet promised redemption through seed of Abraham.

Sacred lot cast to determine divine will (Proverbs 16:33), allocate promised land to tribes, and designate Yom Kippur goats (Leviticus 16:8).

Idols, blocky shapeless things, dung-pellets; disparaging term in Ezekiel for pagan idols defiling Israel and provoking divine wrath.

To strip, uncover, reveal secret mysteries (galah ozen / galah sod); also physically to go into exile, stripped of homeland.

Garden, hedged enclosure; specifically the sanctuary-garden planted by God in Eden (Gan-Eden) where humanity walked in fellowship with God.

Resident alien living among Israel without tribal land; commanded to be loved as oneself because Israel was a stranger in Egypt (Leviticus 19:34).

To speak, declare; primary verb of divine verbal revelation throughout the Old Testament ('Thus has the LORD spoken').

Word, speech, matter, historic event; the Word of the LORD (Dǝḇar YHWH) as dynamic creative and prophetic power executing God's sovereign will in history.

Pestilence; part of prophetic triad of covenant curses (sword, famine, pestilence) sent to punish apostasy (Jeremiah 24:10).

David; shepherd, psalmist, anointed king of Israel with whom God made an unconditional everlasting covenant (2 Samuel 7, Psalm 89); prime type of the Messiah.

To act as judge, champion the cause of the oppressed, vindicate the helpless ('The LORD will judge His people', Deuteronomy 32:36).

Legal cause, lawsuit, judgment; defending the right of the fatherless and poor (Jeremiah 22:16).

Judgment, heavenly court of justice; 'The court sat, and the books were opened' (Daniel 7:10, 22).

Judge, magistrate administering divine and civil law in Ezra 7:25.

Thin, lean, reduced in strength or resources; legal protection mandated in courts against bribery (Exodus 23:3).

Blood, lifeblood; vehicle of creaturely life ('life of the flesh is in the blood', Leviticus 17:11) given upon altar to make atonement.

Likeness, resemblance, concrete similitude; paired with tselem in Genesis 1:26 to qualify human relation to God, affirming qualitative similarity.

Experiential knowledge, intimate moral perception; preeminently the knowledge of God (Da'at Elohim) uniting intellect and will.

Generation, epoch; 'His kingdom is from generation to generation' (Daniel 4:3, 34).

To become empty, follow idols into delusion; 'they followed vanity and became vain' (2 Kings 17:15, Jeremiah 2:5).

Vapor, passing breath, transient futility; leitmotif of Ecclesiastes ('Vanity of vanities, all is vanity', Ecclesiastes 1:2); mortal transience without God.

To shine, boast joyfully in God, praise enthusiastically; root of liturgical acclamation Halelu-Yah ('Praise the LORD!').

To slaughter animals for cultic worship, offer sacrifice to God; strictly regulated to prevent idolatrous pagan sacrifice.

Sacrifice, slaughtered animal offering followed by communal sacred meal; common term for bloody sacrifice alongside burnt offerings.

To make music with musical instruments, pluck strings, sing joyful lyrical praise to God (Psalm 104:33).

To denounce with solemn curse, execute indignant judgment against godless defiance (Numbers 23:7, Malachi 1:4).

Indignation, furious curse; outpoured wrath of God during day of judgment (Isaiah 10:5, Habakkuk 3:12).

Seed, human posterity; paramount theological theme tracing promised lineage: seed of woman (Genesis 3:15), seed of Abraham, and royal seed of David.

To gaze intently, contemplate with spiritual eyes, behold the beauty of Yahweh (Psalm 27:4) or divine prophetic visions.

Seer, visionary; early title for prophet gazing into supernatural spiritual realms and receiving visions from God.

Vision, revelatory encounter; 'Where there is no vision, the people perish' (Proverbs 29:18; Habakkuk 2:2).

To miss the mark, lose the way, fail to reach divine goal; moral failure deviating from God's righteous standard in thought, word, or deed.

Sin, moral delinquency, liability to punishment before the divine tribunal; frequently bears capital sentence ('sin unto death').

Sin offering, purification offering, sin itself; sacrificial animal whose blood purified sanctuary and altar from defilement.

Slender twig, sprout; prophetic description of Messiah emerging from the seemingly dead stump of Jesse (Isaiah 11:1).

Living, alive, vigorous; primary epithet of true God ('The Living God', El Chay) in distinction from lifeless idols.

Enigma, perplexing puzzle, deep philosophical riddle challenging moral discernment (Samson's riddle; Queen of Sheba; Psalm 49:4).

To live, preserve alive, revive, recover from death or sickness; theological in Deuteronomy ('that you may live') and Ezekiel ('shall these dry bones live?').

Wise, judicious, skilled in ethical living and practical craftsmanship, receptive to instruction.

Skillful living, moral insight, master craftsmanship; theological personification in Proverbs 8 co-working with God at creation; fear of the Lord is its beginning.

Common, unconsecrated; ordinary sphere of life in distinction from sacred realm of qodesh (Leviticus 10:10, 1 Samuel 21:4).

Dream; legitimate channel of divine communication to patriarchs and prophets (Jacob, Joseph, Solomon, Daniel).

To treat sacred things as common, pollute the sanctuary, profane God's holy Name by disobedience, or break solemn covenant vows.

To dream dreams; in Joel 2:28, the eschatological outpouring of the Spirit causes old men to dream dreams.

Dream; sovereign vehicle of divine revelation to pagan emperors interpreted by Daniel (Daniel 2:4, 4:5).

To pull off, draw out, rescue from distress; used of God delivering righteous from affliction ('He delivers the afflicted', Job 36:15).

Heat, venom, burning fury; intense divine moral indignation against persistent covenant rebellion and idolatry (Ezekiel 36:18).

Violent wrongdoing, malicious injustice, brutal lawlessness; triggered global destruction of Flood (Genesis 6:11).

Leaven, fermented bread; forbidden in altar grain offerings and during Passover as emblem of spreading corruption.

Grace, unmerited favor, charm; finding grace in the eyes of the LORD (Noah in Genesis 6:8; Moses in Exodus 33:17).

Gracious, showing unmerited favor; used almost exclusively of God in the liturgical confession of divine character (Exodus 34:6).

To bend down, show unmerited favor, pity; heartfelt petition of psalmist ('Be gracious to me, O God, according to Your lovingkindness', Psalm 51:1).

Covenant loyalty, lovingkindness, steadfast love, mercy; the core relational attribute of God by which He obligates Himself in grace to sustain His covenant promises.

To flee for protection, take shelter under shadow of God's wings; vivid psalmic image of absolute spiritual safety.

Statute, ordinance, boundary, limit; engraved law originating from God's sovereign will setting fixed boundaries for nature and ethical duties for Israel.

Feminine of choq; permanent statute, solemn enactment, especially ceremonial ordinances governing sacred festivals, purity, and sacrifices.

Fierce, blazing heat of wrath; frequently paired with aph (charon appo = fierce burning anger of the LORD).

To dedicate completely to God through destruction, execute holy ban against idolatrous nations (Deuteronomy 7:2, Joshua 6:21).

That which is irrevocably dedicated to God, ban of utter destruction; in holy war, complete consecration of pagan enemy to divine judgment without private plunder.

To think, calculate, invent, devise, account; centrally in Genesis 15:6, God reckoned (imputed) Abram's faith to him as righteousness.

Pure, undefiled; used of pure gold in sanctuary, clean animals, and moral integrity ('clean hands and a pure heart', Psalm 24:4).

To be ritually pure, morally purged; gracious act of God purifying sinner's heart ('Create in me a clean heart', Psalm 51:10).

Physical purity, radiant clarity, cultic cleansing after childbirth (Leviticus 12:4-6) and clear sapphire theophany (Exodus 24:10).

Good, pleasant, morally upright, beneficial, beautiful; reflecting divine design in creation and the benevolent moral nature of God.

To become ritually or morally defiled, polluted; contaminating sanctuary and separating person from holy assembly until cleansed.

Impure, ritually defiled, unacceptable for contact with holy things (unclean animals, corpses, skin diseases).

State or substance of ritual or ethical defilement requiring water ablutions, sacrifice, or exile from camp.

Decree, royal edict issued by earthly sovereigns and sovereignly overridden by God (Ezra 4:19, 6:14, Daniel 3:10).

Hand, forearm, power, dominion, agency; the 'Hand of the LORD' (Yad YHWH) represents sovereign divine intervention in the Exodus ('with a mighty hand and outstretched arm', Deuteronomy 26:8), victorious deliverance, and prophetic inspiration (Ezekiel 1:3).

To throw hands forward, confess sins openly, give joyful thanksgiving for God's lovingkindness ('Give thanks to the LORD, for He is good').

To know, ascertain, experience, perceive; in covenant context denotes experiential intimacy, recognition of authority, and divine election ('You only have I known').

The proper covenant name of the God of Israel, the Tetragrammaton (YHWH), revealing God as the self-existent, eternally active, and covenant-faithful Redeemer ('I AM WHO I AM', Exodus 3:14). BDB: proper name of God of Israel, denoting Him who is continually present to redeem and fulfill His promises.

Variation of the Tetragrammaton pointed with vowels of Elohim when adjacent to Adonai; points to Yahweh as Sovereign Lord and Creator.

Day, solar cycle, appointed epoch; supremely the 'Day of the LORD' (Yom YHWH), the decisive eschatological intervention of God in cosmic judgment and salvation.

Day, epoch of time in Biblical Aramaic (Daniel 7:9).

Only one, uniquely precious, only-begotten; applied to Isaac ('take your son, your only son Isaac', Genesis 22:2) and prophetic mourning over an only son (Zechariah 12:10).

To wait with patient longing, hope amidst affliction; trustful surrender to divine timing (Psalm 130:5).

To pour out oil upon head of high priest or king in consecration, pour drink offerings, or cast metal for sanctuary.

To form, shape, fashion as a potter molds clay; pictures God's intimate crafting of Adam from dust of the ground (Genesis 2:7).

To fear, stand in reverent awe of God, dread divine majesty; foundation of covenant obedience and ethics.

Awe, holy dread, reverence; 'Fear of the LORD' (Yir'at YHWH) is beginning of wisdom, loving submission to God's holiness.

Salvation, rescue, triumph over enemies; celebrated in Song of Sea ('The LORD has become my salvation', Exodus 15:2) and Isaiah.

To bring into wide open space, rescue from distress, deliver in battle; divine prerogative ('salvation belongs to the LORD', Psalm 3:8). Root of Yeshua/Jesus.

Straightness, moral rectitude, integrity of walk before God and fellow humans.

Straight, level, right, upright; describes moral rectitude of God's ways and integrity of heart.

Fatherless child, orphan; triad of vulnerable persons (with widow and alien) under God's special covenant protection.

Weight, substance, honor, splendor, glory; specifically the radiant manifesting presence of God (the Shekinah glory) appearing in the cloud and fire, filling the Tabernacle and Temple.

Young lamb, male yearling sheep without blemish; daily burnt offering (morning and evening tamid), Passover lamb, and symbol of innocent substitute.

To subdue, bring into cultivation; creation commission to bring earth's potential into orderly flourishing (Genesis 1:28).

Priest; consecrated mediator between God and humanity belonging to Aaronic lineage, presenting sacrifices and declaring blessing.

Priesthood, sacred office and ministry of the priest; instituted as an everlasting covenant statute with Aaron and his sons.

Cup, goblet; powerful prophetic symbol of divine retribution ('cup of the wine of wrath', Jeremiah 25:15) and grateful celebration ('cup of salvation', Psalm 116:13).

Kidneys; physical organ and figurative seat of innermost emotions and secret motives searched by God alongside heart.

Throne, royal chair of state; symbol of supreme sovereignty, cosmic rule ('The LORD has established His throne in the heavens', Psalm 103:19; Isaiah 6:1).

To atone, make propitiation, purge, ransom; central action in Leviticus whereby blood expiates guilt, cleanses defilement, and turns away wrath.

Ransom price, redemption fee paid to deliver a forfeited life from death; basis of redemption where innocent substitute pays price.

Atonement, expiation; occurs in plural of intensity Yom Kippurim (Day of Atonement, Leviticus 23:27), annual cleansing of sanctuary and nation.

Propitiatory cover, mercy seat; solid gold slab atop Ark where atoning blood was sprinkled on Yom Kippur, achieving propitiation.

Cherub; celestial being guarding God's sacred holiness (Eden gate, above Mercy Seat, veil, throne chariot in Ezekiel).

To cut, sever; idiomatically 'karat berit' means to cut a covenant, derived from slaughtering animals and passing between divided halves.

Writing, royal decree, scripture; the divine inscription on the wall (Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin, Daniel 5:7, 8, 15, 24).

Inner core of personhood, seat of intellect, emotion, volition, and moral choice; fountain of spiritual life.

Fuller anatomical form of lev; moral volition and interior integrity ('love the LORD with all your heart', Deuteronomy 6:5).

Levite; member of tribe of Levi set apart in place of firstborn to guard, transport, and minister tabernacle, lacking territorial inheritance.

To scoff at divine instruction, mock moral rebuke, deride sacred truth; chief antagonist in Proverbs.

Habitual derision of God's word and righteousness, bringing swift destruction upon arrogant rulers (Proverbs 29:8, Isaiah 28:14).

Curse, divine penalty for covenant unfaithfulness in Deuteronomy 28:20 and Proverbs 3:33.

Defensive shield; first revealed to Abram ('Do not be afraid, Abram: I am your shield', Genesis 15:1) and frequently in Psalms.

Plague, fatal epidemic, divine judicial slaughter against covenant disobedience (Numbers 14:37, 16:48, 2 Samuel 24:21).

Moral discipline, corrective chastening; parental and divine education forming character through loving rebuke.

Appointed time, sacred festival; holy feasts of liturgical calendar (Leviticus 23) and Tent of Meeting (Ohel Mo'ed).

Wonder, miraculous display of power, portent of future redemption; paired with ot ('signs and wonders', otot u-mofetim).

To die, perish, be put to death; solemn judicial consequence of human rebellion announced in Eden ('in the day you eat you shall surely die', mot tamut).

Death, physical expiration, pestilence, personified power of darkness and the grave; the ultimate enemy swallowed up in divine victory (Isaiah 25:8).

Altar, designated sacred structure of earth, stone, or bronze upon which sacrifices and incense were presented to effect expiation and worship.

Psalm, musical ode; title of 57 individual psalms in the Psalter designed for stringed liturgical accompaniment.

Shelter from storm, fortress of security; God as ultimate hiding place for the vulnerable righteous.

Levelness, equity, absolute fairness in government; describes the Messianic reign ('with equity He shall judge', Psalm 98:9).

Kingship, royal sovereignty, kingdom; 'For the kingdom is the LORD's, and He rules over the nations' (Psalm 22:28).

War, battle; sacred combat in which Yahweh fights for Israel against demonic pagan powers ('The LORD is a man of war', Exodus 15:3).

To slip away safely, bring through disaster, preserve alive (Piel: to save/deliver).

To become king, reign; joyous royal acclamation: YHWH malakh ('The LORD reigns!', Psalm 93:1, 97:1).

King, sovereign ruler; human earthly king under the covenant law (Deuteronomy 17) and supremely Yahweh as cosmic King of kings ruling from Zion.

Queen, queen mother who reminds the king of Daniel's God-given wisdom (Daniel 5:10).

Kingdom, empire, royal rule; the indestructible everlasting kingdom set up by the God of heaven breaking in pieces all human kingdoms (Daniel 2:44, 7:14).

Reign, royal dominion, empire; the eternal, unshakeable kingdom of God celebrated in Psalm 145:13.

King of Salem and priest of God Most High (Genesis 14:18); prototypical royal priest to whose eternal order the Davidic Messiah belongs (Psalm 110:4).

Grain offering, tribute presented to sovereign; bloodless offering of flour, oil, and frankincense salted with covenant salt.

Cast image formed by pouring molten metal into a mold; exemplified by the Golden Calf at Sinai (Exodus 32:4).

Tenth part consecrated to God, presented from agrarian harvest to support Levites, priests, and care for poor (Deuteronomy 14:28, Malachi 3:10).

Unleavened bread eaten during Passover week, signifying hasty departure from Egypt and moral sincerity free from corrupting leaven.

Commandment, precept, directive given by divine authority; specific stipulations of covenant law embodying the holy will of God.

Sanctuary, consecrated sacred space set apart for dwelling of holy God ('make Me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them', Exodus 25:8).

Visual appearance, theophanic manifestation (Ezekiel's vision of chariot, Daniel 8:16).

Prophetic nocturnal vision through which God communicated with patriarchs and prophets ('God spoke to Israel in visions of the night', Genesis 46:2).

To be contentious, resist authority, rebel against divine command; chronic sin of Israel in wilderness (Meribah).

Deceit, craftiness, fraud, false balances; moral treachery condemned in wisdom literature and absent from the Suffering Servant (Isaiah 53:9).

Health, remedy, restorative sound mind; 'Sun of Righteousness shall arise with healing in His wings' (Malachi 4:2).

Burden; prophetic pronouncement of weight and impending divine judgment against nations (Isaiah 13:1, Nahum 1:1, Malachi 1:1).

High retreat, inaccessible cliff-fortress; safe retreat where the righteous are lifted above reach of enemies.

To rub or smear with holy oil, setting persons or objects apart for holy service; typifies the impartation of the Holy Spirit for divine vocation.

Anointed one; consecrated by pouring sacred oil (priest, king, prophet), and preeminently the Davidic royal Deliverer (Messiah) destined to establish God's universal reign of peace and justice.

Dwelling place, tabernacle, portable tent-sanctuary constructed at Sinai; God condescending to pitch His tent among His redeemed pilgrim people.

To exercise dominion, rule over; used of God's universal sovereign rule over all nations and creation (Psalm 103:19).

Proverb, riddle, comparison, poetic aphorism; core literary genre of Old Testament wisdom condensing life principles into memorable parallelisms.

Clan, subdivision of tribe; the family groups of the earth blessed through the seed of Abraham (Genesis 12:3).

Justice, judicial verdict, case law; encompasses retributive justice against wickedness and protective advocacy for vulnerable (orphan, widow, alien).

Solemn divine oracle, formal prophetic utterance; almost always in construct formula ne'um YHWH ('declaration of the LORD') certifying divine origin.

To treat with disdain, despise holy authority, provoke God to anger through arrogant contempt of His word.

To prophesy, speak under the influence of the Holy Spirit, proclaim divine oracles.

Prophecy, written or oral prophetic message recorded for covenant instruction (2 Chronicles 15:8, Ezra 6:14, Nehemiah 6:12).

Prophet, divine spokesman; one who receives direct divine revelation and proclaims God's authoritative message ('I will put My words in his mouth', Deuteronomy 18:18).

Morally corrupt fool lacking spiritual perception ('The fool has said in his heart, There is no God', Psalm 14:1).

Senseless outrage, moral disgraceful act violating covenant dignity (Genesis 34:7, Joshua 7:15).

Leader, ruler, prince appointed by God over His people; used of David (2 Samuel 7:8) and the Messianic Prince in Daniel 9:25.

To sprinkle purifying blood, water, or oil upon altar, mercy seat, or worshiper; applied prophetically to Messiah ('sprinkle many nations', Isaiah 52:15).

Diadem, royal crown, holy crown of high priest (Exodus 29:6), and hair of Nazirite set apart in consecrated devotion to God.

Consolations, comfort offered to grieving exiles through promise of redemption and peace (Isaiah 57:18, Zechariah 1:13).

Inheritance, covenant heritage; specifically land of Canaan apportioned to Israel, Israel as Yahweh's inheritance, and Yahweh as Levites' portion.

To sigh deeply, breathe with relief, comfort, relent, have compassion; God comforting His afflicted people ('Comfort, comfort My people', Isaiah 40:1).

Serpent, deceptive animal adversary in Eden through whom Satan deceived humanity, destined to have head crushed by woman's seed (Genesis 3:15).

To leave behind, abandon; God temporarily abandoning His dwelling place at Shiloh or his inheritance due to persistent idolatry.

Drink offering, libation of fermented wine poured out at base of altar alongside daily burnt offerings, typifying complete self-emptying devotion.

To blow, breathe into; specific act of God breathing the breath of life into nostrils of Adam, animating inanimate dust into a living soul.

Throat, neck, appetite, breath, life, living creature; in biblical anthropology, humanity was created a living soul (nephesh chayah), a psychophysical unity.

Eminence, endurance, everlastingness, perpetuity, truth; unwavering consistency of God ('The Glory of Israel will not lie', 1 Samuel 15:29).

To snatch away from danger, pluck out of burning, liberate from power of oppressors (Hiphil: hitsil).

Green sprout, shoot from roots; Isaiah 11:1 ('and a Branch shall grow out of his roots'), linguistic root underlying Matthew 2:23 ('He shall be called a Nazarene').

To punish moral evil, vindicate blood of innocent martyrs, execute justice.

Vengeance, retributive justice; exclusive divine prerogative to right moral wrongs and vindicate oppressed saints ('Vengeance is Mine, I will repay', Deuteronomy 32:35).

Retribution, divine vindication of covenant people against unrepentant oppressors (Jeremiah 51:11, Ezekiel 25:14).

To lift, carry, bear; in soteriological context, to bear away iniquity as substitutionary bearer, hence to forgive ('bearing iniquity and transgression', Exodus 34:7; Isaiah 53:4, 12).

Breath, vital breath of God, spirit; divine life-principle imparted to humanity conferring moral responsibility and rational consciousness.

To prostrate in worship, pay religious homage (tested in the fiery furnace, Daniel 3:5, 12).

Valued property, royal treasure; used of Israel as Yahweh's treasured people set apart from all nations through grace (Exodus 19:5).

Intimate circle, divine council, secret purpose; 'The secret of the LORD is with those who fear Him' (Psalm 25:14, Amos 3:7).

Musical, liturgical, and theological pause in the Psalms and Habakkuk, inviting solemn contemplation of great redemptive truths.

To forgive, pardon; reserved in Hebrew Bible exclusively for divine forgiveness, never human pardoning; God blotting out guilt upon atonement.

Forgiveness, plenary pardon; 'There is forgiveness with You, that You may be feared' (Psalm 130:4, Nehemiah 9:17, Daniel 9:9).

To work, till, serve, worship; encompasses physical labor, cultic priestly service in sanctuary, and exclusive covenant worship of Yahweh.

Servant, bondservant; honorary title of covenant leaders (Moses, David) and supremely the prophetic 'Servant of the LORD' (Isaiah 53).

Overflowing rage, flood of divine indignation; describes the eschatological Day of Wrath ('A day of wrath is that day', Zephaniah 1:15).

Continuous duration, perpetual time, eternity; used of the eternal dwelling of God ('inhabits eternity', Isaiah 57:15) and Messiah's throne.

Until, forever; marks the duration of the saints possessing the kingdom forever and ever (Daniel 7:18).

Witness, testifying person or memorial stones testifying to covenant oath taken before God (Genesis 31:48, Joshua 24:27).

Congregation, company gathered by appointment; technical designation of Israel as a structured religious assembly.

Testimony, solemn covenant witness; Two Tablets of Decalogue placed inside Ark ('Ark of the Testimony', Aron Ha-Edut) testifying to God's holiness.

Eden, delight; primeval location of human paradise and pristine sanctuary where river branched into four headwaters.

To twist moral rectitude, pervert divine justice, make crooked ('we have sinned and acted iniquitously', Daniel 9:5).

Antiquity, futurity, perpetual time, eternity; qualitative duration extending beyond human horizons, applied to God's eternal throne and everlasting covenant.

Crookedness, perversity, iniquity, guilt, and the punishment incurred by twisted rebellion; theological triad with chatta'at and pesha (Exodus 34:7).

Azazel, scapegoat; live goat on Yom Kippur upon whose head sins were confessed, sent into wilderness typifying total removal of guilt.

To depart from, abandon; used of human covenant unfaithfulness forsaking God and Torah, contrasted with God's promise never to forsake His people.

Help, vital rescuer; applied to woman as corresponding counterpart to man (ezer kenegdo, Genesis 2:18), and to God as Israel's sole deliverer.

Crown of royalty, wreath of honor bestowed by wisdom ('wreath of grace', Proverbs 4:9), and royal crown of David (Psalm 21:3).

Burnt offering; sacrifice wholly consumed by fire on altar, its sweet aroma ascending completely to God, symbolizing total surrender.

Most High, Supreme Deity; sovereign title of God celebrated by Nebuchadnezzar and Daniel (Daniel 4:17, 34).

The Most High, Sovereign Lord over cosmic powers, nations, and earthly rulers; first revealed through Melchizedek (Genesis 14:18) as Possessor of heaven and earth.

The Highest, Most High; plural of majesty designating God as sovereign possessor of the eternal kingdom ('saints of the Most High', Daniel 7:18, 22, 25, 27).

People, kinfolk, tribe; designates the covenant community of Israel ('My people', ammi), bound by covenant with Yahweh.

Prophetic sign-name (Isaiah 7:14; 8:8), declaring God dwelling in the midst of His vulnerable people to deliver them.

Meek, pious humble one who submits to God's will; applied to Moses ('very meek', Numbers 12:3) and eschatological inheritors of the land (Psalm 37:11).

Humility of spirit, gentleness; precursor to honor in wisdom theology ('before honor is humility', Proverbs 15:33).

Afflicted, economically oppressed, bowed down; object of special divine care and Messianic salvation.

Tree, wood; features in primeval garden (Tree of Life, Tree of Knowledge), altar/ark, and tree bearing covenant curse (Deuteronomy 21:23).

Shrewdness, prudence, practical craftiness; positive moral sagacity in Proverbs protecting against temptation.

To make, produce, fashion, perform; broad verb of creative and historical action, describing God making the cosmos and fulfilling covenant.

Time, proper occasion, opportune season ('To everything there is a season', Ecclesiastes 3:1); divine kairos for deliverance or judgment.

Ancient, venerable, aged; the sublime divine title ʿAttîq Yômîn ('Ancient of Days', Daniel 7:9, 13, 22), depicting God's eternal majesty presiding over cosmic judgment.

To deliver by substitutionary payment, purchase out of bondage; required for every firstborn male (Exodus 13:13) and Israel's soul from Sheol (Psalm 49:15).

Ransom, deliverance, set-apart distinction; God putting a division/redemption between His people and Egyptians during plagues (Exodus 8:23; Psalm 111:9).

To be extraordinary, beyond human comprehension or accomplishment ('Is anything too hard for the LORD?', Genesis 18:14).

Wonder, supernatural phenomenon, miracle; characterizes Yahweh's acts in Exodus (Exodus 15:11) and the Messianic title 'Pele-Yoetz' (Isaiah 9:6).

To serve, worship, minister religiously to God; used of the universal worship rendered to the Son of Man ('all peoples, nations, and languages should serve Him', Daniel 7:14, 27).

Escape, deliverance, body of survivors; signifies those whom Yahweh snatches from destruction to constitute the restored community.

To mediate, intercede on behalf of sinners (Abraham for Abimelech, Moses for Israel, Samuel for nation); standing before God as mediator.

Face, presence, countenance; used of the immediate relational presence of God turned toward humanity in blessing or turned away in judgment, and intimate communion.

Passover, paschal lamb, festival commemorating Yahweh passing over blood-marked houses in Egypt; prime type of redemption by blood.

Carved or hewn image of wood or stone; forbidden in Second Commandment as false materialization of invisible transcendent God.

To attend to, inspect, muster, appoint, visit; used of God visiting His people in gracious deliverance or judicial reckoning of iniquity.

Young bull; premier sacrificial victim prescribed for high priest's sin offering, whole congregation sin offering, and Day of Atonement.

To revolt against rightful king, break allegiance, transgress divine covenant laws defiantly.

Rebellion, breach of relationship, defiant revolt against sovereign authority; willful breach of covenant stipulations (Isaiah 53:5).

Interpretation, decoding of divine mystery; term central to Dead Sea Scrolls Pesharim and Daniel 2:4.

Host, organized military army, celestial hosts (stars and angels); paramount divine military title: YHWH Ṣǝḇāʾôt ('LORD of Hosts', 1 Samuel 1:3).

Righteous, just, in right relationship with God's law and covenant; attribute of God and of the person who lives in obedience.

To be in the right, be declared innocent, vindicate, justify; forensic acquittal in judicial settings.

Rightness, objective standard of justice, equity in legal courts; divine foundation of God's throne (Psalm 89:14).

Covenant righteousness, ethical rectitude, distributive justice, equity; fidelity to relationship requirements between God and man.

Massive boulder, cliff; paramount metaphor for divine unchangeableness, refuge, and strength ('The Rock, His work is perfect', Deuteronomy 32:4).

Image, representation, statue; foundational theological term for Imago Dei (Genesis 1:26-27), designating humankind as God's representative vice-regents.

Vegetative shoot, branch; technical Messianic title in the prophets for the Davidic heir: 'The Branch of the LORD' (Isaiah 4:2, Jeremiah 23:5, 33:15, Zechariah 3:8, 6:12).

Sacred, holy, set apart from moral impurity and creaturely existence; describes God's moral purity, transcendent majesty, and otherness ('Holy One of Israel').

Holy; applied to the angels ('holy watcher', Daniel 4:13) and the redeemed saints who inherit the eternal kingdom ('the saints of the Most High', Daniel 7:18, 22).

East, front, ancient time, primeval origin; describes God's eternal pre-existence and the ancient goings-forth of Messiah (Micah 5:2).

Before, in the immediate presence of; standing before the Ancient of Days or earthly monarch.

To set apart, consecrate wholly to God, treat as holy; to vindicate God's holy honor before the nations ('sanctify My great Name', Ezekiel 36:23).

Holiness, separateness, sacred place, consecrated thing; intrinsic quality of divine majesty and that which belongs strictly to God's realm.

To convoke the covenant community for worship, covenant renewal, or war (Exodus 35:1, 1 Kings 8:1).

Assembly, summoned congregation of all Israel before God at Sinai ('day of the assembly', Deuteronomy 9:10); Greek ekklesia root.

To bind together, wait eagerly with stretched-out neck; 'Those who wait on the LORD shall renew their strength' (Isaiah 40:31).

Voice, audible speech, cosmic thunder; 'Voice of the LORD' (Qol YHWH) shakes the wilderness, thunders over the waters, and speaks to prophets (Psalm 29).

To arise; in Hiphil (heqim berit) means to establish, validate, or fulfill covenant promises sworn to fathers.

To burn sacrifice on altar or incense on golden altar, causing pleasing smoke and aroma to ascend toward heaven.

Sweet incense burned daily on Golden Altar before veil, its fragrant smoke ascending as symbol of saints' acceptable prayers (Psalm 141:2).

To be slight, trifling; in Piel, to treat with contempt, insult, curse, declare despicable; contrasted with honoring/treating as weighty.

Curse, reviling, divine penalty; solemn negative sanction threatened against unfaithful covenant breakers in Deuteronomy 28.

To burn with ardent passion, be jealous for God's holy honor; Phinehas turned away wrath by being zealous with God's zeal (Numbers 25:11).

Passionate ardor, zeal for holiness, righteous jealousy; God's intense exclusivity intolerant of divided affection ('zeal of the LORD of hosts', Isaiah 9:7).

Jealous; exclusively applied to God in the Decalogue ('For I the LORD your God am a jealous God', El Qanna, Exodus 20:5; 34:14), guarding His covenant bride.

End, boundary limit of time, eschatological consummation of worldly empires (Daniel 12:4, 9, 13; Ezekiel 7:2).

Splintering anger, foaming wrath; provoked by violation of sanctuary holiness (Numbers 1:53, Joshua 22:20).

To call out, name, summon; in prayer, to invoke God's Name ('call upon Name of LORD'), and in election, God's efficacious call.

To come near, draw close, approach; in cultic usage (Hiphil: hiqriv), to present a sacrifice at altar, bridging gap between sinners and holy God.

Inward part, entrails, midst of body or community; where God renews a steadfast spirit and writes Torah.

Offering, sacrificial present brought near; generic term for all oblations presented at altar, reflecting worshiper drawing near to God.

Animal horn, altar corners; emblem of victorious power, regal dignity, and salvation: 'horn of David' (Psalm 132:17) and 'horn of my salvation' (Psalm 18:2).

To behold, inspect; theologically God's sovereign oversight and gracious provision: Yahweh-Yireh ('The LORD will provide', Genesis 22:14).

Seer; ancient title for prophet before the term navi became standard ('he who is now called a prophet was formerly called a seer', 1 Samuel 9:9).

Beginning, chief part, firstfruits, starting point in time or importance; opens canon ('In the beginning God created', Genesis 1:1).

To tread down, rule, have dominion; cultural mandate given to humankind as image-bearers of God to govern animal creation and earth (Genesis 1:26).

Wind, breath, mind, spirit; profoundly the Spirit of God (Ruach Elohim/Ruach YHWH) operating as dynamic creative agent in the cosmos, inspiring prophets, and regenerating the heart.

Spirit; in Daniel applied to the Holy Spirit dwelling in Daniel ('in whom is the spirit of the holy gods', Daniel 4:8, 5:11).

To be lifted up, exalted; describes God's exaltation and Belshazzar's fatal hubris (Daniel 5:20, 23).

To shout in triumph over defeated foes, blow the shofar, make a joyful noise to God ('Shout joyfully to the LORD, all the earth!', Psalm 100:1).

Mystery, divine eschatological secret beyond human intelligence, revealed exclusively by the God of heaven to His prophets (Daniel 2:18, 19, 27, 28, 47).

Compassionate, deeply sympathetic, full of tender mercy; expressing divine pity toward frail human creatures.

To love deeply from the womb (rechem), cherish tenderly, exercise paternal/maternal compassion toward helpless children (Psalm 103:13).

Plural of intensity expressing boundless tender mercies and deep maternal yearning of God for His backsliding children.

Mercies; sought from the God of heaven to reveal hidden mysteries and preserve life (Daniel 2:18).

Piercing cry of joy, jubilant shouting of redeemed returning to Zion ('with singing unto Zion', Isaiah 35:10); also cry of prayer.

Bad, injurious, evil, adversity; spans moral wickedness and physical calamity, contrasted with good (tov) in the knowledge of good and evil.

Badness, wickedness of heart, sorrow of countenance; describes fallen corrupt imagination of human heart (Jeremiah 4:4).

Famine, starvation; divine chastening withholding rain and fertility, and prophetically a famine of hearing God's words (Amos 8:11).

To heal physically and spiritually, repair brokenness; divine title Yahweh-Rapha ('I am the LORD who heals you', Exodus 15:26; Isaiah 53:5).

Expanse, canopy, hammered-out vault of heaven; created on Day Two to separate waters above from waters below.

To be in the wrong, act wickedly, pronounce guilty in court; contrasted with justifying the innocent (Hiphil: hirshia).

Unrighteousness, moral lawlessness, civil injustice, oppression of the poor and helpless.

Wicked, guilty, hostile to God and community; one condemned in judgment, living in active rebellion against divine Torah.

Sheol, grave, shadowy abode of departed spirits beneath the earth; subject entirely to Yahweh's sovereign omniscience (Psalm 139:8).

To be left over, survive judgment; origin of doctrine of the Remnant preserved by mercy through exile and catastrophe.

Remnant, survivors; faithful minority preserved through exile to inherit messianic promises and carry covenant forward.

Oath, sworn pledge; divine swearing by which God guaranteed Abrahamic Covenant ('oath which He swore to Abraham', Genesis 26:3).

Scepter of royal dominion (Genesis 49:10: 'The scepter shall not depart from Judah'), shepherd's protective rod, and the twelve tribes of Israel.

To swear an oath, seven oneself (from sheva); binding oneself irrevocably by solemn covenant pledge; used of God swearing by Himself.

To cease, desist from labor, rest, observe Sabbath; inaugurating cosmic rest on seventh day when God finished creative work (Genesis 2:2).

The Sabbath day, holy seventh day of rest ordained at creation, enshrined in Decalogue, serving as perpetual sign of Mosaic Covenant.

The Almighty, the All-Sufficient God; ancient patriarchal name of God (El Shaddai) who enters into covenant with the patriarchs with fruitfulness and protection.

To turn back, return, repent; theological center of Old Testament repentance, turning from sin and idolatry back to Yahweh and His covenant.

To prostrate oneself in complete submission and awe; primary Old Testament physical and spiritual posture of true worship before holy God.

To sing joyfully to Yahweh; imperative opening the enthronement psalms: Shiru l'Adonai ('Sing to the LORD a new song!').

Song, musical praise, sacred song; Song of Songs (Shir Ha-Shirim) and Songs of Ascents (Shire Ha-Ma'alot, Psalms 120-134).

To dwell, settle down, abide, pitch tent; verbal root of post-biblical 'Shekinah' (divine indwelling glory); God's transcendent presence making home among mortals.

Tranquillity, prosperous peace granted by God or deceitfully enjoyed by proud rulers (Daniel 4:27).

Peace, prosperity, wholeness; royal epistolary greeting: 'Peace be multiplied unto you' (Ezra 4:17, Daniel 4:1, 6:25).

Completeness, soundness, welfare, safety, wholeness, peace; covenantal flourishing and harmonious reconciliation between God, humanity, and creation resulting from righteousness.

To exercise authority, rule over realms; 'The Most High rules in the kingdom of men' (Daniel 4:17, 25).

Dominion, sovereign imperial rule; applied to the everlasting, indestructible dominion given to the Son of Man (Daniel 7:14, 27).

To be whole, sound, restore, pay vows, make peace; underlying root of shalom, expressing full restitution of broken covenant order.

Peace offering, fellowship sacrifice; portions given to God, priest, and shared by worshiper in joyful communal meal.

Salem, city of Melchizedek, archaic poetical name for Jerusalem where God tabernacles in peace (Genesis 14:18, Psalm 76:2).

Name, reputation, renown, character; especially the Name of the LORD representing His self-revelation, holy presence dwelling at the sanctuary, and locus of worship.

Heavens, sky, visible vault of stars, and transcendent dwelling place of God and celestial hosts; partnered with earth to encompass the cosmos.

Heavens; realm of God's transcendent rule: 'The heavens do rule' (Daniel 4:26), origin of phrase 'Kingdom of Heaven'.

To hear attentively, pay heed, obey; opening imperative of Israel's confession: Shema Yisrael ('Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one', Deuteronomy 6:4).

To keep, watch over, guard; original charge to Adam in garden sanctuary ('cultivate and keep it', Genesis 2:15) and priestly tabernacle guard.

He-goat, buck; standard animal for communal sin offerings, ruler's sin offering, and the two goats on Day of Atonement.

Judge, charismatic ruler, deliverer raised up by God to rescue Israel from foreign oppressors during the amphictyony.

To exercise governance, vindicate the wronged, deliver from oppressors, pronounce legal sentence; office of the Judges.

To treat with loathing disgust, declare ritually unfit, utterly abhor idol images.

Filth, cultic impurity, detestable pagan food or idol; polluting ritual purity of God's holy people.

Lie, false testimony, breach of trust, deceptive unreality; prohibited in Decalogue ('false witness', ed sheqer) and characterizing false prophets.

Prince, chieftain, commander of army; Messianic title 'Prince of Peace' (Sar Shalom, Isaiah 9:6) and the celestial Commander of the army of the LORD (Joshua 5:14).

Discretion, practical skill; faculty through which God established the heavens (Proverbs 3:19) and artisans built tabernacle.

Formlessness, unformed state, wilderness, void, nothingness; primeval condition of cosmos before God's ordering fiat (tohu va-bohu).

The deep, primordial abyss, surging waters, subterranean reservoirs; bounded by God's sovereign command at creation.

Song of praise, adoration; Hebrew title of the Book of Psalms (Tehillim); God inhabits the praises of Israel (Psalm 22:3).

Thanksgiving choir, thank offering sacrifice (Leviticus 7:12), confession of God's righteous truth; enter His gates with thanksgiving (Psalm 100:4).

Abomination; that which is profoundly offensive to God's holy nature (idolatry, occultism, sexual perversions, dishonest scales, hypocritical worship).

Instruction, direction, teaching, authoritative guidance; God's parental self-revelation instructing His people how to walk in communion; also Pentateuch.

Earnest pleading for unmerited mercy, cry of the brokenhearted (1 Kings 8:30, Psalm 6:9, Zechariah 12:10).

Simplicity, uprightness, unblemished moral integrity; walking before God with whole undivided heart (Psalm 26:1).

Continuity, regularity, daily continual offering (tamid); represents uninterrupted communion and devotion before God.

Complete, intact, physically unblemished (sacrificial animals), morally blameless (Noah, Abraham in Genesis 17:1); walking perfectly with God.

Wave offering; sacrificial motion moving offering toward altar and back to symbolize presenting to God and receiving back for sacred use.

Prayer, liturgical supplication, intercessory appeal; core genre of Psalms ('A prayer of Moses', Psalm 90:1; Solomon's Temple prayer).

Hope, patient expectation; literally cord (Rahab's scarlet cord, Joshua 2:18); assurance grounded in God's faithfulness ('future and a hope', Jeremiah 29:11).

Contribution, dedicated gift lifted up from common use and presented for building sanctuary or supporting priesthood.

Shout of acclamation welcoming the King, blast of ram's horn on Feast of Trumpets (Yom Teruah, Leviticus 23:24), and war shout.

Return, completion of year, answer; in rabbinic and biblical theology, the sacred act of turning back to God in heartfelt contrition.

Deliverance, military victory wrought by God, spiritual salvation from judgment (Judges 15:18, Psalm 51:14).

Primary meaning: Abba, Father. Strong's: father as a vocative. Lexical nuances: used in the phrase Ἀ. ὁ πατήρ , Abba, Father (v. Swete on Mk 14:36 ): Mk 14:36 , Ro 8:15 , Ga 4:6 .†

Primary meaning: Abraham. Strong's: Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch. Lexical nuances: Abraham ( Ge 17:5 al.): Mt 1:1, 2 al.

Primary meaning: good, thy favour, benefit, goodliness. Strong's: "good" (in any sense, often as noun). Lexical nuances: in general, good , in physical and in moral sense, used of persons, things, acts, conditions, etc., applied to that which is regarded as "perfect in its kind, so as to produce pleasure and satisfaction, . . . that which, in itself good, is also at once for the good and the advantage of him who comes in contact with it" (Cremer, 3): γῆ , Lk 8:8 ; δένδρον , Mt 7:18 ; καρδία , Lk 8:15 ; δόσις , Ja...

Primary meaning: goodness. Strong's: goodness, i.e. virtue or beneficence. Lexical nuances: goodness (representing "the kindlier, as δικαιοσύνη , the sterner element in the ideal character," AR, Eph., 5:9 ; on its relation to χρηστότης , v. Tr., Syn ., §lxiii): Ro 15:14 , Ga 5:22 , II Th 1:11 .†

Primary meaning: to love. Strong's: to love (in a social or moral sense). Lexical nuances: to love , to feel and exhibit esteem and goodwill to a person, to prize and delight in a thing. Of human affection, to men: τ. πλησίον , Mt 5:43 ; τ. ἐχθρούς , ib. 44 ; to Christ, Jo 8:42 ; to God, Mt 22:37 ; c. acc. rei, Lk 11:43 , Jo 12:43 , Eph 5:25 , II Tim 4:8 , 10 , He 1:9 , I Pe 2:17 , 3:10 , II Pe 2:15 , I Jo 2:15 , Re 12:11 . Of divine love; God's love: to men, Ro 8:37 ; to Christ, Jo ...

Primary meaning: love, goodwill, esteem, love feasts. Strong's: love, i.e. affection or benevolence; specially (plural) a love-feast. Lexical nuances: love , goodwill , esteem . Outside of bibl. and eccl. books, there is no clear instance (with Deiss., LAE , 18:4, 70:2, cf. the same writer in Constr. Quar. , ii, 4; and with MM, VGT , s.v., cf. Dr. Moulton in Exp. Times , xxvi, 3, 139). In NT, like ἀγαπάω , -ῶ , Of men's love: to one another, Jo 13:35 ; to God, I Jo 2:5 . Of divine love; God's love: to men, Ro 5:8 ; to Christ, Jo 17:26 ; Chris...

Primary meaning: beloved. Strong's: beloved. Lexical nuances: beloved (v. M, Pr. , 221); by God: of Christ, Mt 3:17 ; of men, Ro 1:7 ; by Christians, of one another: I Co 4:14 ; freq. as form of address, I Co 10:14 ; opp. to ἐχθρός , Ro 11:28 (v. AR, Eph. , 229; Cremer, 17; MM, VGT , s.v.).

Primary meaning: consecration, sanctification. Strong's: properly, purification, i.e. (the state) purity; concretely (by Hebraism) a purifier. Lexical nuances: as an active verbal noun in -μός , it signifies properly the process τὸ ἁγιάζειν , rather than the resultant state, ἁγιωσύνη , hence, consecration ; sanctification : so strictly in Ro 6:19 , 22 (but v. Meyer), I Co 1:30 , I Th 4:3 , 7 , II Th 2:13 , He 12:14 , I Pe 1:2 . Elsewhere it perhaps (Ellic.; but v. Milligan, Th. , 48) inclines to the resultant state: I Th 4:4 , I Ti 2:15 (Cremer, 55, 6...

Primary meaning: dedicated to the gods, sacred, holy. Strong's: sacred (physically, pure, morally blameless or religious, ceremonially, consecrated). Lexical nuances: primarily, dedicated to the gods , sacred (Hdt.; rare in Att., never in Hom., Hes. and Trag., who use ἁγνός ), hence, holy , characteristic of God, separated to God, worthy of veneration. Its highest application is to God himself, in his purity, majesty, and glory: Lk 1:49 , Jo 17:11 , Re 4:8 . Hence of things and places which have a claim to reverence as sacred to God, e.g. the Temple: Mt 24:1...

Primary meaning: holiness. Strong's: sacredness (i.e. properly, the quality). Lexical nuances: holiness , the state in man resulting from ἁγιασμός , q.v.: Ro 1:4 , II Co 7:1 , I Th 3:13 (Cremer, 52; MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: uncarded, undressed. Strong's: properly, unfulled, i.e. (by implication) new (cloth). Lexical nuances: uncarded , undressed , i.e. new (MM, VGT , s.v.): Mt 9:16 , Mk 2:21 .†

Primary meaning: to purify, cleanse from defilement. Strong's: to make clean, i.e. (figuratively) sanctify (ceremonially or morally). Lexical nuances: to purify , cleanse from defilement ; ceremonially: Jo 11:55 , Ac 21:24 , 26 24:18 ; morally: Ja 4:8 , I Pe 1:22 , I Jo 3:3 .†

Primary meaning: purification. Strong's: a cleansing (the act), i.e. (ceremonially) lustration. Lexical nuances: purification : in ceremonial sense, Ac 21:26 (LXX) .†

Primary meaning: to be ignorant, not to know, not to understand. Strong's: not to know (through lack of information or intelligence); by implication, to ignore (through disinclination). Lexical nuances: to be ignorant , not to know : absol., I Ti 1:13 , He 5:2 ; c. acc., Ac 13:27 17:23 , Ro 10:3 , II Co 2:11 ; ἐν οἷς , II Pe 2:12 ; seq. ὅτι , Ro 2:4 6:3 7:1 , I Co 14:38 ; οὐ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν , a Pauline phrase: c. acc., Ro 11:25 ; seq. ὑπέρ , II Co 1:8 ; περί , I Co 12:1 , I Th 4:13 . ὅτι , Ro 1:13 , I Co 10:1 (for similar usage in π. , V. MM, VGT , s.v.). Pass.: I Co 14:38 , II Co 6:9 , Ga 1...

Primary meaning: a sin of ignorance. Strong's: a thing ignored, i.e. shortcoming. Lexical nuances: a sin of ignorance (so in π. ; v. MM, VGT , s.v.): He 9:7 .†

Primary meaning: ignorance. Strong's: ignorance (properly, the quality). Lexical nuances: ignorance : Ac 3:17 17:30 , Eph 4:18 (with sense of wilful blindness; cf. MM, VGT , s.v.), I Pe 1:14 .†

Primary meaning: free from ceremonial defilement, holy, sacred, venerable. Strong's: properly, clean, i.e. (figuratively) innocent, modest, perfect. Lexical nuances: free from ceremonial defilement , in a condition prepared for worship (for exx. of pagan usage, V. MM, VGT , s.v.). holy , sacred , venerable ( II Mac 13:8 ). As in OT (cl.), pure , chaste , undefiled , guiltless ; of persons: II Co 7:11 11:12 , I Ti 5:22 , Tit 2:5 , I Jo 3:3 ; of things: Phl 4:8 , Ja 3:17 , I Pe 3:2 .†

Primary meaning: a sister. Strong's: a sister (naturally or ecclesiastically). Lexical nuances: a sister : Mt 19:29 , al.; metaph. (MM, VGT , s.v.), of a member of the Christian community: Ro 16:1 , I Co 7:15 Ja 21:15 , al.

Primary meaning: a brother. Strong's: a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like G1 (Α)). Lexical nuances: in cl., a brother , born of the same parent or parents. [In LXX (Hort, Ja. , 102 f.), for אָח ;] lit. of a brother ( Ge 4:2 , al.). Of a neighbour ( Le 19:17 ). Of a member of the same nation ( Ex 2:14 , De 15:3 ). In NT in each of these senses (1. Mt 1:2 , al.; 2. Mt 7:3 ; 3. Ro 9:3 ) and also, of a fellow-Christian: I Co 1:1 , Ac 9:30 . This usage finds illustration in π. , where ἀ. is used o...

Primary meaning: brotherhood, brotherly affection, the brotherhood. Strong's: brotherhood (properly, the feeling of brotherliness), i.e. the (Christian) fraternity. Lexical nuances: abstract, brotherhood, brotherly affection (LXX). Concrete, the brotherhood , the Christian community: I Pe 2:17 5:9 (MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: Hades, the abode of Hades, the underivorld, Hades. Strong's: properly, unseen, i.e. "Hades" or the place (state) of departed souls. Lexical nuances: in Hom., Hades (Pluto), the god of the underworld. the abode of Hades, the underivorld ; in NT, the abode of departed spirits, Hades : ἐν τ. ᾅ. , Lk 16:23 ; εἰς ᾅ. , Ac 2:27 , 31 ; πύλαι ᾅδου , Mt 16:18 ; κλεῖς τοῦ ᾅ. , Re 1:18 ; metaph., ἕως ᾅ. , Mt 11:23 , Lk 10:15 ; personified, Re 6:8 20:13 , 14 (Cremer, 67, 610; MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: a wrong, injury, misdeed. Strong's: a wrong done. Lexical nuances: a wrong , injury , misdeed (MM, VGT , s.v.): Ac 18:14 24:20 , Re 18:5 .†

Primary meaning: injustice, unrighteousness, iniquity, an unrighteous act. Strong's: (legal) injustice (properly, the quality, by implication, the act); morally, wrongfulness (of character, life or act). Lexical nuances: injustice : Lk 18:6 , Ro 9:14 .

Primary meaning: unjust, unrighteous, wicked. Strong's: unjust; by extension wicked; by implication, treacherous; specially, heathen. Lexical nuances: unjust : Ro 3:5 , He 6:10 . unrighteous, wicked : Lk 16:11 18:11 , Ac 24:15 , I Co 6:1 , 9 I Pe 3:18 ; opp. to δίκαιος , Mt 5:45 ; to εὐσεβής , II Pe 2:9 ; to πιστός , Lk 16:10 (Cremer, 200).†

Primary meaning: blood.. Strong's: blood, literally (of men or animals), figuratively (the juice of grapes) or specially (the atoning blood of Christ); by implication, bloodshed, also kindred. Lexical nuances: blood. In the ordinary sense: Mk 5:25 , Lk 8:43 , 44 22:44 , Jo 19:34 , Ac 15:20 , 29 21:25 , Re 8:7 , 8 11:6 16:3 , 4 , 6 19:13 . In special senses: of generation, origin, kinship (cl.): Jo 1:13 (v. MM, VGT , s.v.); as in OT (AR on Eph , 6:12 ), in the phrase σάρξ καὶ αἷ. ( αἷ. κ. σ. ), to indicate human nature as opp. to God and created spirits: Mt 16:17 , I Co 15:50 , Ga 1:16 , Eph 6:12 , He...

Primary meaning: Æneas. Strong's: Ænĕas, an Israelite. Lexical nuances: Æneas : Ac 9:33 , 34 .†

Primary meaning: praise. Strong's: a praising (the act), i.e. (specially) a thank(-offering). Lexical nuances: praise (Eccl.): θυσία αἰνέσεως ( Le 7:12 , זֶבַח תּוֹדָה ), He 13:15 .†

Primary meaning: a space of time, an age, eternity, forever, never. Strong's: properly, an age; by extension, perpetuity (also past); by implication, the world; specially (Jewish) a Messianic period (present or future). Lexical nuances: in cl., like Lat. aevum (LS, MM, VGT , s.v.), a space of time , as, a lifetime, generation, period of history, an indefinitely long period; in NT of an indefinitely long period, an age, eternity , usually c. prep. (MM, VGT ); of the past: ἀπ’ αἰ. (cf. Heb. מֵעוֹלָם ), Lk 1:70 ; of the future: εἰς τ. αἰ. (cf. לְעוֹלָם ), forever , Mt 21:19 ; id., c. neg., never , Jo 4:14 ; more strongly, εἰς τὸν...

Primary meaning: age-long, eternal. Strong's: perpetual (also used of past time, or past and future as well). Lexical nuances: age-long , eternal , of that which is without either beginning or end: Ro 16:26 , He 9:14 ; of that which is without beginning: Ro 16:25 , II Ti 1:9 , Tit 1:2 ; of that which is without end (MM, VGT , s.v.): σκηναί , Lk 16:9 οἰκία , II Co 5:1 ; διαθήκη , He 13:20 ; εὐαγγέλιον , Re 14:6 ; παράκλησις , II Th 2:16 ; λύτρωσις , He 9:12 ; κληρονομία , ib. 15 ; κόλασις , Mt 25:46 ; κρίμα , He 6:2 ; κ...

Primary meaning: the prepuce, foreskin, uncircumcision, the uncircumcised. Strong's: the prepuce; by implication, an uncircumcised (i.e. gentile, figuratively, unregenerate) state or person. Lexical nuances: the prepuce , foreskin (LXX), hence abstr., uncircumcision : Ac 11:3 , Ro 2:25-27 3:30 4:10-12 , I Co 7:18-19 , Ga 5:6 6:15 , Col 2:13 3:11 . By meton., the uncircumcised : Ro 4:9 , Ga 2:7 , Eph 2:11 .†

Primary meaning: truth, truthfulness, truth. Strong's: truth. Lexical nuances: truth (v. DB , iv, 818f.). Objectively, "the reality lying at the basis of an appearance; the manifested, veritable essence of a matter" (Cremer, 86): Ro 9:1 , al.; of religious truth, Ro 1:25 , al.; esp. of Christian doctrine, Ga 2:5 , al.; ἀ. θεοῦ , Ro 15:8 . Subjectively, truthfulness, truth , not merely verbal (cl.), but sincerity and integrity of character: Jo 8:44 , III Jo 3 . In phrases ...

Primary meaning: to speak allegorically. Strong's: to allegorize. Lexical nuances: to speak allegorically (Cremer, 96 ff.): Ga 4:24 .†

Primary meaning: to miss the mark, to err, do wrong, to violate God's law. Strong's: properly, to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), i.e. (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin. Lexical nuances: to miss the mark (Hom., Æsch., al.), hence metaph. (Hom., al.), to err , do wrong .

Primary meaning: a sinful deed, a sin. Strong's: a sin (properly concrete). Lexical nuances: an act of disobedience to divine law (Lft., Notes , 273), a sinful deed , a sin : Mk 3:28 , 29 , Ro 3:25 , I Co 6:18 , II Pe 1:9 , WH, mg.; αἰώνιων ἁ. ( DCG , i, 788 a ), Mk 3:29 (for exx. from π. , v. MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: a missing the mark, guilt, sin, a fault, failure. Strong's: a sin (properly abstract). Lexical nuances: prop. a missing the mark ; in cl. (v. reff. to CR in MM, VGT , s.v.); guilt , sin (Plat., Arist., al.); more freq., from Æsch. down, a fault, failure . In NT (as LXX) always in ethical sense; as a principle and quality of action, = τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν , a sinning, sin : Ro 5:12 , 13 20 ; ὑφ’ ἁμαρτίαν εἶναι , Ro 3:9 ; ἐπιμένειν , Ro 6:1 ; ἀποθνήσκειν, νεκρὸν εἶναι τῇ ἁ. , Ro 6:2 , 11 ; τὴν ἀ. γινώσκει...

Primary meaning: sinful, a sinner. Strong's: sinful, i.e. a sinner. Lexical nuances: sinful , a sinner : of all men, I Ti 1:15 ; of those especially wicked, I Ti 1:9 , I Pe 4:18 ; p1., Mt 9:10-13 11:19 26:45 , al. (v. MM, VGT , s.v.; Cremer, 102, 634)

Primary meaning: a lamb. Strong's: a lamb. Lexical nuances: a lamb : fig., of Christ ( DCG , ii, 620 b ), Jo 1:29 , 36 , Ac 8:32 (LXX) , I Pe 1:19 (cf. ἀρνίον ; Cremer, 102, 635).†

Primary meaning: to beget again. Strong's: to beget or (by extension) bear (again). Lexical nuances: to beget again : metaph., of spiritual birth, I Pe 1:3 1:23 (cf. Cremer, 147; MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: that which is laid by, a votive offering, devoted, a thing devoted to God, a curse. Strong's: a (religious) ban or (concretely) excommunicated (thing or person). Lexical nuances: prop. = τὸ ἀνατιθέμένον , that which is laid by to be kept, a votive offering (as ἀνάθημα in II Mac 2:13 , Lk 21:5 —where LT read -θεμα , v. M, Pr. , 46).

Primary meaning: to devote to destruction, declare, invoke anathema, to bind oneself under a curse. Strong's: to declare or vow under penalty of execration. Lexical nuances: to devote to destruction , declare or invoke anathema : absol., Mk 14:71 ; ἐαντόν , to bind oneself under a curse : Ac 23:12 , 14 23:21 (cf. καταναθεματίζω , and on the occurrence of the word in π. , v. Deiss., LAE , 92 f.; MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: a taking up. Strong's: ascension. Lexical nuances: a taking up : Lk 9:51 (MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: cessation, rest, refreshment. Strong's: intermission; by implication, recreation. Lexical nuances: cessation , rest , refreshment : Mt 11:26 12:43 , Lk 11:24 , Re 4:8 14:11 .†

Primary meaning: a raising up, awakening, rising, a rising from the dead. Strong's: a standing up again, i.e. (literally) a resurrection from death (individual, genitive case or by implication, (its author)), or (figuratively) a (moral) recovery (of spiritual truth). Lexical nuances: a raising up , awakening , rising (in Inscr. of the erection of a monument, v. MM, VGT , s.v.): Lk 2:34 .

Primary meaning: man, a merchant, men, people. Strong's: from G3700 (ὀπτάνομαι)); man-faced, i.e. a human being. Lexical nuances: man : generically, a human being, male or female (Lat. homo ): Jo 16:21 ; c. art., Mt 4:4 12:35 , Mk 2:27 , Jo 2:25 , Ro 7:1 , al; disting. from God, Mt 19:6 , Jo 10:33 , Col 3:23 , al.; from animals, etc., Mt 4:19 , Lk 5:10 , Re 9:4 , al.; implying human frailty and imperfection, I Co 3:4 ; σοφία ἀνθρώπων , I Co 2:5 ; ἀνθρώπων ἐπιθυμίαι , I Pe 4:2 ; κατὰ ἄνθρωπον περιπατεῖν , I Co 3:3 ; κατὰ ἄ...

Primary meaning: lawlessness, iniquity. Strong's: illegality, i.e. violation of law or (genitive case) wickedness. Lexical nuances: lawlessness , iniquity : Mt 7:23 13:41 23:28 24:12 , Ro 6:19 , II Co 6:14 , II Th 2:3 , 7 , Tit 2:14 , He 1:9 , I Jo 3:4 ; in pl. (as LXX, Ps 31:1 , al.; v. Bl., § 32, 6; Swete, Mk. , 153), of acts or manifestations of lawlessness: Ro 4:7 (LXX) , He 10:17 .†

Primary meaning: lawless, wicked, without law. Strong's: lawless, i.e. (negatively) not subject to (the Jewish) law; (by implication, a Gentile), or (positively) wicked. Lexical nuances: lawless , wicked : Mk 15:28 , Lk 22:37 , Ac 2:23 , I Ti 1:9 , II Pe 2:8 ; ὁ ἄ. , II Th 2:8 (= ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας , II Th 2:3 ).

Primary meaning: a ransom. Strong's: a redemption-price. Lexical nuances: a ransom : I Ti 2:6 (v. CGT , in l.; and cf. λύτρον ).†

Primary meaning: striking back, resisting, adverse, struck back. Strong's: corresponding ("antitype"), i.e. a representative, counterpart. Lexical nuances: act. striking back ; metaph., resisting , adverse .

Primary meaning: an opponent of the Messiah. Strong's: an opponent of the Messiah. Lexical nuances: Antichrist, "one who assuming the guise of Christ opposes Christ" (Westc., Epp. Jo. , 70): I Jo 2:18 , 22 4:3 , II Jo 7 ; pl. I Jo 2:18 (cf. ψευδόχριστος , and v. MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Primary meaning: from above, from the first, from the beginning, anew. Strong's: from above; by analogy, from the first; by implication, anew. Lexical nuances: from above : ἀπὸ ἄ. , Mt 27:51 , Mk 15:38 ; ἐκ τῶν ἄ. , Jo 19:28 ; meaning, from heaven: Jo 3:31 19:11 , Ja 1:17 3:15 , 17 .

Primary meaning: of weight, worth, befitting, meet. Strong's: deserving, comparable or suitable (as if drawing praise). Lexical nuances: of weight , worth (often c. gen., cf. Pr 3:15 8:11 ), seq. πρός : Ro 8:18 (v. Field, Notes , 157);

Primary meaning: want of faith, unbelief. Strong's: faithlessness, i.e. (negatively) disbelief (lack of Christian faith), or (positively) unfaithfulness (disobedience). Lexical nuances: want of faith , unbelief : Mt 13:58 , Mk 6:6 9:24 16:14 , Ro 3:3 (but v.s. ἀπιστέω ) Ro 4:20 11:20 , 23 , I Ti 1:13 , He 3:12 , 19 ( DCG , ii, 775 a ; Cremer, 492).†

Primary meaning: incredible, without faith, trust, unbelieving. Strong's: (actively) disbelieving, i.e. without Christian faith (specially, a heathen); (passively) untrustworthy (person), or incredible (thing). Lexical nuances: of things, incredible : Ac 26:8 ;

Primary meaning: simplicity, sincerity, liberality, graciousness. Strong's: singleness, i.e. (subjectively) sincerity (without dissimulation or self-seeking), or (objectively) generosity (copious bestowal). Lexical nuances: simplicity , sincerity : Ro 12:8 , II Co 11:3 , Eph 6:5 , Col 3:22 ; as manifested in generous, unselfish giving, liberality , graciousness : II Co 8:2 9:11 , 13 (v. ICC , Ro. , 12:8 ; Hort, Ja. , 1:5 , and v.s. ἁπλῶς ).†

Primary meaning: simple, single. Strong's: properly, folded together, i.e. single (figuratively, clear). Lexical nuances: simple , single : in a moral sense ( DCG , ii, 628 f.), ἀφθαλμός , Mt 6:22 , Lk 11:34 . (In π. of a marriage dowry, v. MM, s.v.).†

Primary meaning: to reveal, uncover, disclose. Strong's: to take off the cover, i.e. disclose. Lexical nuances: in general sense (cl.), to reveal , uncover , disclose , of things: Mt 10:26 , Lk 2:35 12:2 , I Co 3:13 ; of persons: pass., Christ, Lk 17:30 ; Antichrist, II Th 2:3 , 6 , 8 .

Primary meaning: an uncovering, laying bare, a revealing, revelation. Strong's: disclosure. Lexical nuances: an uncovering , laying bare (Plut.). Metaph., a revealing , revelation : a disclosure of divine truth, or a manifestion from God: Lk 2:32 , Ro 2:5 8:19 16:25 , I Co 1:7 14:6 , 26 , II Co 12:1 , 7 , Ga 1:12 2:2 , Eph 1:17 3:3 , II Th 1:7 , I Pe 1:7 , 13 4:13 , Re 1:1 .†

Primary meaning: to reconcile completely. Strong's: to reconcile fully. Lexical nuances: to reconcile completely : Eph 2:16 , Col 1:20 , 21 .†

Primary meaning: to destroy utterly, destroy, kill, to lose utterly. Strong's: to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively. Lexical nuances: Act., to destroy utterly , destroy , kill : Mk 1:24 , 9:22 , al.; τ. ψνχήν , Mt 10:28 , al.; to lose utterly : Mt 10:42 , al.; metaph., of failing to save, Jo 6:39 18:9 .

Primary meaning: to defend, to defend one's self. Strong's: to give an account (legal plea) of oneself, i.e. exculpate (self). Lexical nuances: to defend : c. acc., Ro 2:15 .

Primary meaning: a speech in defence. Strong's: a plea ("apology"). Lexical nuances: a speech in defence : Ac 25:16 , II Co 7:11 , Phl 1:7 , 16 , II Ti 4:16 ; c. dat. pers., I Co 9:3 , I Pe 3:15 ; seq. πρός , Ac 22:1 .†

Primary meaning: release effected by payment of ransom, redemption, deliverance. Strong's: (the act) ransom in full, i.e. (figuratively) riddance, or (specially) Christian salvation. Lexical nuances: release effected by payment of ransom , redemption , deliverance ; metaph., He 11:35 ; of deliverance thr. Christ from evil and the consequences of sin: Lk 21:28 , Ro 3:24 (Vau., in l.) 8:23, I Co 1:30 , Eph 1:7 , 14 4:30 , Col 1:14 , He 9:15 . (On the extent to wh. the word retains the sense of ransom , v. ICC , Ro. , 3:24 , Westc., He. , 297 ff.; v. also ICC , Eph. , 11; DCG , ii, 605; Cremer...

Primary meaning: a sending away, discharge, dismissal, a gift. Strong's: commission, i.e. (specially) apostolate. Lexical nuances: In cl., a sending away (MM, s.v.), as, an expedition (Hdt.).

Primary meaning: a fleet, an expedition, a messenger, one sent on a mission. Strong's: a delegate; specially, an ambassador of the Gospel; officially a commissioner of Christ ("apostle") (with miraculous powers). Lexical nuances: a fleet , an expedition (Dem.).

Primary meaning: destruction, waste, loss, perishing. Strong's: ruin or loss (physical, spiritual or eternal). Lexical nuances: destruction , waste , loss , perishing (in π. , of money, v. MM, s.v.): Mt 26:8 , Mk 14:4 , Ac 8:20 , Ro 9:22 , I Ti 6:9 , II Pe 2:1 ; in special sense of the loss of eternal life, perdition , the antithesis of σωτηρία : Mt 7:13 , Jo 17:12 , Phl 1:28 3:19 , II Th 2:3 , He 10:39 , II Pe 2:3 3:7 , 16 , Re 17:8 , 11 ( DB , iii, 744).†

Primary meaning: a little lamb, a lamb. Strong's: a lambkin. Lexical nuances: a little lamb , a lamb : Jo 21:15 , Re 27 .†

Primary meaning: an earnest. Strong's: a pledge, i.e. part of the purchase-money or property given in advance as security for the rest. Lexical nuances: an earnest , part payment in advance for security, a first instalment: II Co 1:22 5:5 , Eph 1:14 . (The word is found in cl. and was prob. brought to Greece by the Phœnicians (AR, Eph. , 1:14 ). It is found in π. with both spellings (v. Milligan, NTD , 73). In MGr. ἀρραβῶνα is an engagement ring ; v. MM, s.v.)†

Primary meaning: beginning, originating, founder, author. Strong's: a chief leader. Lexical nuances: beginning , originating : more freq., as subst.; founder , author (Lat. auchor ; so sometimes in π. , v. MM, s.v.; Milligan, NTD , 75): Ac 3:15 (R, mg.), He 2:10 (R, txt.; but v. Westc., in l., and Page, Ac 3:15 ). prince , leader (so in MGr., v. Kennedy, Sources , 153): Ac 3:15 (R, txt.) 5:31 , He 2:10 (cf. R, mg.) 12:2 (Cremer, 117).†

Primary meaning: high-priest, chief priests. Strong's: the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest. Lexical nuances: high-priest : Mk 2:26 14:47 , al.; of Christ: He 2:17 3:1 , al. In pl., chief priests , including ex-high-priests and members of high-priestly families: Mt 2:4 , Mk 8:31 , al. (Cremer, 294; DCG , i, 297 f.; MM, s.v.).

Primary meaning: ungodliness, impiety, ungodly deeds, desires for ungodly things. Strong's: impiety, i.e. (by implication) wickedness. Lexical nuances: ungodliness , impiety : Ro 1:18 11:26 , II Ti 2:16 , Tit 2:12 ; ἔργα ἀσεβείας , ungodly deeds , Ju 15 ; ἐπιθυηίαι τ. ἀσεβειῶν , desires for ungodly things or deeds , Ju 18 ( DB , iv, 532; Cremer, 523; MM, s.v.).†

Primary meaning: ungodly, impious. Strong's: irreverent, i.e. (by extension) impious or wicked. Lexical nuances: ungodly , impious : Ro 4:5 5:6 , I Ti 1:9 , I Pe 4:18 , II Pe 2:5 , 6 3:7 , Ju 4 , 15 .†

Primary meaning: to make unseen, hide from sight, to destroy, to disfigure. Strong's: to render unapparent, i.e. (actively) consume (becloud), or (passively) disappear (be destroyed). Lexical nuances: to make unseen , hide from sight (Xen., al.).

Primary meaning: dismissal, release, pardon, remission of penalty. Strong's: freedom; (figuratively) pardon. Lexical nuances: dismissal , release : Lk 4:18 .

Primary meaning: incorruptibility, immortality. Strong's: incorruptibility; genitive, unending existence; (figuratively) genuineness. Lexical nuances: incorruptibility , immortality : Ro 2:7 , I Co 15:42 , 50 , 53 , 54 , II Ti 1:10 ; ἀγαπώντων . . . ἐν ἀ. , Eph 6:24 (v. AR, in l.).†

Primary meaning: imperishable, immortal. Strong's: undecaying (in essence or continuance). Lexical nuances: imperishable , immortal ; of things: I Co 9:25 , I Pe 1:4 , 23 3:4 ; of persons: of men, I Co 15:52 ; of God, Ro 1:23 , I Ti 1:17 (MM, s.v.).†

Primary meaning: to send forth, send away, let go, to utter a cry. Strong's: an intensive form of , to go); to send forth, in various applications (as follow). Lexical nuances: to send forth , send away , let go : of divorce ( DB , iii, 274 a ), τ. γυναῖκα (Hdt.), I Co 7:11-13 ; of death, τ. πνεῦμα ( Ge 35:18 , Hdt., al.), Mt 27:50 ; ( φωνήν , to utter a cry , Mk 15:37 ; of debts, to remit , forgive (cl.), τ. δανεῖον , Mt 18:27 ; τ. ὀφειλήν , Mt 18:32 ; esp. of sins (Cremer 296 f.), τ. ἁμαρτίας , ἁμαρτήματα , ἀνομίας , Mt 9:2 , Ro 4:7 (LXX) , I Jo 1:9 , al.; punctilia...

Primary meaning: to dip, immerse, sink, to overwhelm. Strong's: to immerse, submerge; to make whelmed (i.e. fully wet); used only (in the New Testament) of ceremonial ablution, especially (technically) of the ordinance of Christian baptism. Lexical nuances: to dip , immerse , sink ; generally (in Polyb., iii, 72, of soldiers wading breast-deep; in i, 51, of the sinking of ships); metaph., to overwhelm ( Is 21:4 ; cf. MM, Exp. , x); c. cogn. acc., βάπτισμα β. , Mk 10:38 , 39 , Lk 12:50 . Mid., to perform ablutions , wash oneself , bathe ( IV Ki 5:14 , Jth 12:7 , Si 31 (34):30 ): Mk 7:4 ; aor. pass, in same sense, Lk 11:38 . Of ablution, immersion, ...

Primary meaning: immersion, baptism. Strong's: baptism (technically or figuratively). Lexical nuances: immersion , baptism ; metaph., of affliction: Mk 10:38 , 39 , Lk 12:50 . Of the religious rite of baptism; of John's baptism: Mt 3:7 21:25 , Mk 11:30 , Lk 7:29 20:4 , Ac 1:22 10:37 18:25 19:3 ; β. μετανοίας , Mk 1:4 , Lk 3:3 , Ac 13:24 19:4 ; of Christian baptism; Ro 6:4 , Eph 4:5 , Col 2:12 (Tr., -μῷ , q.v.), I Pe 3:21 (cf. Cremer, 130; Tr., Syn. § xcix).†

Primary meaning: sovereignty, royal power, dominion, a kingdom. Strong's: properly, royalty, i.e. (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: prop. abstract, sovereignty , royal power , dominion : Lk 1:33 22:29 , Jo 18:36 , Ac 1:6 , He 1:8 , I Co 15:24 ; λαβεῖν β. , Lk 19:12 , 15 , Re 17:12 ; δοῦναι τὴν , Re 17:17 ; ἔχειν β. , Re 17:18 ; ἔρχεσθαι ἐν τ. ( εἰς τὴν ) β. , Mt 16:28 , Lk 23:42 ; β. τ. θεοῦ , Re 12:10 .

Primary meaning: a step, stride, pace, a raised place. Strong's: a step, i.e. foot-breath; by implication, a rostrum, i.e. a tribunal. Lexical nuances: a step , stride , pace : Ac 7:5 .

Primary meaning: counsel, purpose. Strong's: volition, i.e. (objectively) advice, or (by implication) purpose. Lexical nuances: counsel, purpose (in cl., esp. of the gods): Lk 23:51 , Ac 4:28 5:38 19:1 27:12 , 42 ; pl., I Co 4:5 ; of the Divine purpose, He 6:17 ; τ. βουλὴν τ. θελήματος αὐτοῦ , Eph 1:11 ; β. τ. Θεοῦ , Lk 7:30 , Ac 2:23 13:36 20:27 .†

Primary meaning: Gehenna. Strong's: valley of (the son of) Hinnom; ge-henna (or Ge-Hinnom), a valley of Jerusalem, used (figuratively) as a name for the place (or state) of everlasting punishment. Lexical nuances: Gehenna , a valley W. and S. of Jerusalem, which as the site of fire-worship from the time of Ahaz, was desecrated by Josiah and became a dumping-place for the offal of the city. Later, the name was used as a symbol of the place of future punishment, as in NT: Mt 5:29 , 30 10:28 , Mk 9:43 , 45 , 47 , Lk 12:5 , Ja 3:6 ; γ. τ. πυρός , Mt 5:22 18:19 , prob. with ref. to fires of Moloch ( DB , ii, ...

Primary meaning: origin, lineage, birth. Strong's: nativity; figuratively, nature. Lexical nuances: origin, lineage : βίβλος γενέσεως (as in Ge 2:4 a 5:1 ), Mt 1:1 . birth : Mt 1:18 , Lk 1:14 (Rec. γέννησις ); πρόσωπον τῆς γ. , face of his birth ("what God made him to be," Hort., in l.), Ja 1:23 ; ὁ τροχὸς τῆς γ. , the wheel (course) of birth or creation ("the wheel of man's nature according to its original Divine purpose," Hort), Ja 3:6 .†

Primary meaning: to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand, to know, realize, to become known, to know. Strong's: to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed). Lexical nuances: to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand ; in past tenses to know, realize ; pass., to become known : c. acc., Mt 22:18 , Mk 5:43 , Col 4:8 , I Th 3:5 , al. Pass., Mt 10:26 , Phl 4:5 , al.; seq. ὅτι , Mt 21:45 , Jo 4:1 , al.; τί , Mt 6:3 ; ἀπό , Mk 15:45 ; ὅ , Ro 7:15 ; τ. λεγόμενα , Lk 18:34 ; τ. θέλημα , Lk 12:47 ; τ. καρδίας , Lk 16:15 ; c acc. pers., of recog...

Primary meaning: a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation, knowledge. Strong's: knowing (the act), i.e. (by implication) knowledge. Lexical nuances: a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation . knowledge , in NT, specially of the kn. of spiritual truth: absol., Lk 11:52 , Ro 2:20 15:14 , I Co 1:5 (Lft., Notes , 147) 8:1 , 7 , 10 , 11 , 13:2 , 8 14:6 , II Co 6:6 8:7 11:6 , Eph 3:19 , Col 2:3 , I Pe 3:7 , II Pe 1:5 , 6 ; c. gen. obj., σωτηρίας , Lk 1:77 ; τ. δόξης τ. θεοῦ , II Co 4:6 ; τ. θεοῦ , II Co 2:14 10:5 ; Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ , Phl 3:8 (v. De...

Primary meaning: a drawing, painting, writing, that which is written, a writing. Strong's: a document, i.e. holy Writ (or its contents or a statement in it). Lexical nuances: a drawing, painting . writing ; that which is written, a writing : πᾶσα γ. , II Ti 3:16 ; γ. ἅγιαι , Ro 1:2 ; προφητικαί , Ro 16:26 ; al αἱ γ. τ. προφητῶν , Mt 26:56 ; ἡ γ., αἱ γ. , the sacred writings, the Scriptures (i.e. the OT; v. Milligan, NTD , 205); in pl., when the sacred writings as a whole are meant, e.g. Mt 21:42 26:54 , Jo 5:39 , Ro 15:4 ; in sing., when a particular passage is refe...

Primary meaning: to scrape, graze, to sketch, draw, to write, to write of. Strong's: to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe. Lexical nuances: to scrape, graze (Hom.), and later (Hdt.) to sketch, draw . to write ; of forming or tracing letters on writing material: Jo 8:[6] , Ga 6:11 , II Th 3:17 ; to express in writing, commit to writing, record: Lk 1:63 , Jo 19:21 , 22 Re 1:11 , 19 al.; of scripture as a standing authority (Deiss., BS , 112ff.), γέγραπται , it stands written (Luther), Mt 4:4 , Mk 7:6 , Lk 4:8 , Ro 1:17 , I Co 1:31 , ...

Primary meaning: David. Strong's: Dabid (i.e. David), the Israelite king. Lexical nuances: David , King of Israel: Mt 1:6 ; 12:3 , et al.; σκηνὴ Δ. , Ac 15:16 ; κλεὶς Δ. , Re 3:7 ; θρόνος Δ. , Lk 1:32 ; ῥίζα Δ. , Re 5:5 ; βασιλεία Δ. , Mk 11:10 ; υἱὸς Δ. , the Messiah ( Ps. Sol., 17:23 ; for other reff. in Jewish lit., v. Dalman, Words , 317), Mt 1:1 9:27 , et al.; ἐν Δ. , i.e. the Psalter, He 4:7

Primary meaning: a wanting, need, an asking, entreaty, supplica­tion, prayer, petition. Strong's: a petition. Lexical nuances: a wanting, need (so Ps 21(22):25 ). an asking, entreaty, supplica­tion ; in NT always addressed to God: Lk 1:13 , II Co 1:11 , Phl 1:19 , II Ti 1:3 , Ja 5:16 , I Pe 3:12 (LXX) ; with νηστεῖαι , Lk 2:37 ; προσευχή, -αί , Eph 6:18 , Phl 4:6 , I Ti 2:1 5:5 ; ἱκετηρίαι , He 5:7 ; προσκαρτέρησις , Eph 6:18 ; ἐντεύξεις , I Ti 2:1 ; δ. ποιεῖσθαι (Deiss., BS , 250), Lk 5:33 , Phl 1:4 (pl.), I Ti 2:1 ; ...

Primary meaning: dinner, supper. Strong's: dinner, i.e. the chief meal (usually in the evening). Lexical nuances: the chief meal of the day, dinner, supper : Mt 23:6 , Mk 12:39 , Lk 14:17 , 24 20:46 , Jo 13:2 , 4 21:20 , I Co 11:21 ; δ. ποιεῖν , Mk 6:21 , Lk 14:12 , 16 , Jo 12:2 ; κυριακὸν (q.v.) δ. , I Co 11:20 ; metaph. (Dalman, Words , 118), δ. τ. γάμου τ. ἀρνίου , Re 19:9 ; δ. τ. μέγα τ. Θεοῦ , Re 19:17 .†

Primary meaning: a master, lord. Strong's: an absolute ruler ("despot"). Lexical nuances: a master, lord , correlative of δοῦλος , οἰκέτης : I Ti 6:1 , 2 , II Ti 2:21 , Tit 2:9 , I Pe 2:18 ; as title of God, voc., δέσποτα (so usually in LXX), Lk 2:29 , Ac 4:24 ; ὁ δ. = voc. δέσποτα (cf. B1., § 33, 4), Re 6:10 ; of Christ, II Pe 2:1 , Ju 4 , R, txt. (but cf. mg.).†

Primary meaning: slanderous, accusing falsely, a slanderer, false accuser, Satan, the Accuser, the Devil. Strong's: a traducer; specially, Satan (compare H07854). Lexical nuances: slanderous, accusing falsely . As subst., ὁ, ἡ, δ. ;

Primary meaning: a disposition, testament, will, a convention, arrangement, covenant. Strong's: properly, a disposition, i.e. (specially) a contract (especially a devisory will). Lexical nuances: as usually in cl., a disposition, testament, will (Plat., al.): Ga 3:15 (R, mg., but v. Lft., in l.), He 9:16 , 17 (R, txt.; MM, Exp. , xi,; Milligan, NTD , 75; Abbott, Essays , 107; Deiss., LAE , 341; but v. infr.).

Primary meaning: to minister, serve, wait upon, to do one a service, care for one's needs, to serve as deacon, to minister, supply, supply by ministration. Strong's: to be an attendant, i.e. wait upon (menially or as a host, friend, or (figuratively) teacher); technically, to act as a Christian deacon. Lexical nuances: generally, to minister, serve, wait upon , especially at table, to do one a service, care for one's needs : absol., Mt 20:28 , Mk 10:45 , Lk 10:40 22:26 , 27 , Jo 12:2 , I Pe 4:11 ; ὅσα διηκόνησεν , II Ti 1:18 ; c. dat. pers., Mt 4:11 8:15 25:44 27:55 , Mk 1:13 , 31 15:41 , Lk 4:39 8:3 12:37 17:8 , Jo 12:26 , Ac 6:2 19:22 , Ro 15:25 , Phm 13 , He 6:10 .

Primary meaning: the office and work of a. Strong's: attendance (as a servant, etc.); figuratively (eleemosynary) aid, (official) service (especially of the Christian teacher, or technically of the diaconate). Lexical nuances: the office and work of a διάκονος , service, ministry ;

Primary meaning: a servant, attendant, minister, a deacon, bondman, servant. Strong's: an attendant, i.e. (genitive case) a waiter (at table or in other menial duties); specially, a Christian teacher and pastor (technically, a deacon or deaconess). Lexical nuances: in general, a servant, attendant, minister : Mt 20:26 22:13 23:11 , Mk 9:35 10:43 , Jo 2:5 , 9 , I Co 3:5 , Ga 2:17 , Eph 6:21 , Col 4:7 ; δ. θεοῦ , Ro 13:4 , II Co 6:4 , I Th 3:2 ; δ. Χριστοῦ , II Co 11:23 , Col 1:7 , I Ti 4:6 ; cf. ὁ δ. ὁ ἐμός , Jo 12:26 ; δ. περιτομῆς , Ro 15:8 ; δ. καινῆς διαθήκης , II Co 3:6 ; δ. δικαιοσύνης , II Co 11:15 ; δ. [εὐαγγελίου] , Eph 3:7 , Col 1:23 ; δ. [ἐκκλησ...

Primary meaning: the understanding, mind. Strong's: deep thought, properly, the faculty (mind or its disposition), by implication, its exercise. Lexical nuances: the understanding, mind : Lk 1:51 , Eph 4:18 , Col 1:21 , I Pe 1:13 , II Pe 3:1 , I Jo 5:20 ; pl., Eph 2:3 ; in quotations from LXX, Mt 22:37 , Mk 12:30 , Lk 10:27 , He 8:10 10:16 (Cremer, 79, 438).†

Primary meaning: teaching, instruction. Strong's: instruction (the function or the information). Lexical nuances: teaching, instruction , in both active and objective senses, most freq. the latter: Ro 12:7 15:4 , Eph 4:14 , I Ti 4:6 , 13 , 16 5:17 6:1 , 3 , II Ti 3:10 , 16 , Tit 2:7 , 10 ; ὑγιαινοῦσα δ. , I Ti 1:10 , II Ti 4:3 , Tit 1:9 2:1 ; pl., δ. τ. ἀνθρώπων , Col 2:22 ; δ. δαιμονίων , I Ti 4:1 , δ. διδάσκειν , Mt 15:9 , Mk 7:7 (LXX) (Cremer, 182).†

Primary meaning: a teacher. Strong's: an instructor (genitive case or specially). Lexical nuances: given as rendering of Heb. רַבּוֺן , רַבִּי (NT, Ῥαββεί , Ῥαββουνεί q.v.);

Primary meaning: to teach, instruct, teach, to teach, give instruction. Strong's: to teach (in the same broad application). Lexical nuances: to teach (i.e. instruct ) a person, teach a thing; trans.: c. acc. pers., Mt 5:2 , Mk 1:22 , al.; seq. ὅτι , Mk 8:31 ; περί , I Jo 2:27 ; c. inf., Lk 11:1 ; c. acc. rei, Mk 6:30 12:14 ; c. cogn. acc., Mt 15:9 (LXX); c. dupl. acc, Mk 4:2 , Jo 14:26 ; pass., Ga 1:12 , II Th 2:15 ; c. dat. pers. (like Heb., cf. Jb 21:22 , but prob. a vernac. usage, v. Swete, in l.), Re 2:14 . Absol., to teach, giv...

Primary meaning: teaching, doctrine, teaching. Strong's: instruction (the act or the matter). Lexical nuances: objectively, teaching, doctrine , that which is taught: Mk 1:27 , Jo 7:16 , Ac 17:19 , Ro 6:7 16:17 , II Jo 10 , Re 2:24 ; c. gen. poss., Mt 7:28 16:12 22:33 , Mk 1:22 11:18 , Lk 4:32 , Jo 18:19 , Ac 5:28 , Re 2:14 , 15 ; ἡ δ. , of Christ, Jo 7:17 , Ac 13:12 , II Jo 9 ; cf. τὴν δ. , Tit 1:9 ; c. gen. obj., βαπτισμῶν δ. , He 6:2 ; pl., He 13:9 .

Primary meaning: to interpret, to explain, expound, to translate. Strong's: to explain thoroughly, by implication, to translate. Lexical nuances: intensive of ἐρμηνεύω , to interpret ;

Primary meaning: correct, righteous, righteous, righteous. Strong's: equitable (in character or act); by implication, innocent, holy (absolutely or relatively). Lexical nuances: in early Gk. writers of persons, observant of δίκη , custom, rule, right, righteous in performing duties to gods and men ; of things, righteous , in accordance with right.

Primary meaning: righteousness, teaching of, justice. Strong's: equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification. Lexical nuances: the character of ὁ δίκαιος (q.v.)

Primary meaning: to deem right, to do one justice, to be treated rightly, to show to be righteous. Strong's: to render (i.e. show or regard as) just or innocent. Lexical nuances: in cl.,

Primary meaning: an ordinance, a sentence, of acquittal, of condemnation. Strong's: an equitable deed; by implication, a statute or decision. Lexical nuances: a concrete expression of righteousness, the expression and result of the act of δικαίωσις , "a declaration that a thing is δίκαιον , or that a person is δίκαιος ," hence, an ordinance : δ. τ. θεοῦ , Ro 1:32 ; τ. κυρίου , Lk 1:6 ; τ. νόμου , Ro 2:26 8:4 ; λατρείας , He 9:1 ; σαρκός , He 9:10 ; a sentence : of acquittal , Ro 5:16 (also 5:18 ; ICC , in l.), or of condemnation ; a righteous act : R...

Primary meaning: righteously, justly. Strong's: equitably. Lexical nuances: righteously : I Co 15:34 , I Th 2:10 , Tit 2:12 .

Primary meaning: the act of pronouncing righteous, justification, acquittal. Strong's: aquittal (for Christ's sake). Lexical nuances: the act of pronouncing righteous, justification, acquittal : Ro 4:25 5:18 (Cremer, 199).†

Primary meaning: deceitful. Strong's: guileful. Lexical nuances: deceitful : II Co 11:13 .†

Primary meaning: to deceive. Strong's: to be guileful. Lexical nuances: to deceive : ἐδολιοῦσαν ( -σαν , freq. in κοινή Gk. for impf. 3rd pers. pl.), Ro 3:13 (LXX) .†

Primary meaning: a bait, a snare, craft, deceit. Strong's: compare G1185 (δελεάζω)); a trick (bait), i.e. (figuratively) wile. Lexical nuances: in Hom., a bait .

Primary meaning: expectation, judgment, opinion, opinion, estimation, repute, good opinion. Strong's: glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective). Lexical nuances: in cl., expectation, judgment, opinion ( IV Mac 5:18 ). opinion, estimation in which one is held, repute ; in NT, always good opinion , hence reputation, praise, honour, glory : Lk 14:10 , Jo 12:43 , He 3:3 ; opp. to αἰσχύνη , Phl 3:19 ; to ἀτιμία , II Co 6:8 ; δ. κ. τιμή , Ro 2:7 , 10 , I Pe 1:7 , II Pe 1:17 ; ζητεῖν , Jo 5:44 7:18 8:50 , I Th 2:6 ; λαμβάνειν , Jo 5:41 , II Pe 1:17 , Re 5:12 ;...

Primary meaning: power, might, strength, ability, power, power, might, force. Strong's: force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself). Lexical nuances: power, might, strength ; relatively, ability, power to perform: Mt 25:15 , Ac 3:2 , He 11:11 ; κατὰ δ. , II Co 8:3 ; παρὰ δ. , ib. ; ὑπὲρ δ. , II Co 1:8 ; of pecuniary ability, II Co 8:3 , Re 18:3 ; absol., power, might : Lk 24:49 , Ac 1:8 ; opp. to ἀσθένεια , I Co 15:43 ; ἡ δ. τ. ἁμαρτίας , I Co 15:56 ; of power in action, Ro 1:16 , 20 , I Co l:18 , Phl 3:10 , al. ἡ δ. τ. Θεοῦ , Mt 22:29 , Mk ...

Primary meaning: mastery, control, self-control. Strong's: self-control (especially continence). Lexical nuances: prop., mastery, control . (sc. ἑαθτοῦ ) self-control : Ac 24:25 , Ga 5:23 , II Pe 1:6 (v. DB , iv, 558 b 695 a ; Page on Ac, l.c.).†

Primary meaning: master of, self -controlled, exercising self-control. Strong's: strong in a thing (masterful), i.e. (figuratively and reflexively) self-controlled (in appetite, etc.). Lexical nuances: strong, powerful. C. gen. rei, master of , hence, (sc. ἑαυτοῦ ), self -controlled, exercising self-control : Tit 1:8 .†

Primary meaning: a multitude, a company, a nation, people, the nations, Gentiles. Strong's: a race (as of the same habit), i.e. a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-Jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan). Lexical nuances: a multitude, a company , whether of beasts or men (Hom.). a nation, people : Mt 21:43 24:7 , Mk 13:8 , Lk 22:25 , Ac 10:35 , al.; in sing., of the Jewish people, Lk 7:5 23:2 , Jo 11:48 , 50-53 18:35 , Ac 10:22 24:3 , 10 26:4 28:19 . In pl., as in OT, τὰ ἔ. (like Heb. הַגּוֹיִם ), the nations , as distinct from Israel, Gentiles : Mt 4:15 6:32 , Ac 26:17 , Ro 3:29 11:11 15:10 , Ga 2:8 , al.; of G...

Primary meaning: an image, likeness. Strong's: a likeness, i.e. (literally) statue, profile, or (figuratively) representation, resemblance. Lexical nuances: an image, likeness : Mt 22:20 , Mk 12:16 , Lk 20:24 , Ro 1:23 , I Co 15:49 , Re 13:14 , 15 14:9 , 11 15:2 16:2 19:20 20:4 ; opp. to σκιά , He 10:1 ; of man, εἰ. θεοῦ , I Co 11:7 ; of the regenerate, εἰ. τ. θεοῦ Col 3:10 (v. Lft., in l.); εἰ. τ. υἱοῦ τ. θεοῦ , Ro 8:29 , II Co 3:18 ; of Christ, εἰ. τ. θεοῦ , II Co 4:4 , Col 1:15 .† SYN. : ὁμοίωμα , denoting resemblance, which may however be merel...

Primary meaning: peace. Strong's: peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity. Lexical nuances: peace ; of public peace, freedom from war: Lk 14:32 , Ac 12:20 24:2 ; of the church, Ac 9:31 . Of peace between persons, concord, agreement : Mt 10:34 , Lk 12:51 , Ro 14:17 , I Co 7:15 , Ga 5:22 , Ja 3:18 ; ζητεῖν εἰ. , I Pe 3:11 ; διώκειν , II Ti 2:22 ; ib. seq. μετὰ πάντων , He 12:14 ; by meton., of him who brings peace, Eph 2:14 . As in LXX (= Heb. שָׁלוֹם , Aram. שְׁלָם ), of a state of secur...

Primary meaning: to make peace. Strong's: to be a peace-maker, i.e. (figuratively) to harmonize. Lexical nuances: to make peace : Col 1:20 .†

Primary meaning: peace-making, a peacemaker. Strong's: pacificatory, i.e. (subjectively) peaceable. Lexical nuances: peace-making, a peacemaker : Mt 5:9 †

Primary meaning: an assembly, the assembly, congregation, community, (the) church. Strong's: a calling out, i.e. (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (Jewish synagogue, or Christian community of members on earth or saints in heaven or both). Lexical nuances: prop., an assembly of citizens regularly convened (in Thuc., ii, 22, opp. to σύλλογος , a concourse ): Ac 19:32 , 39 , 41 . In LXX of the assembly, congregation, community of Israel (De 4:10 23:2, al.): Ac 7:38 , He 2:12 (LXX) . NT, esp. of an assembly or company of Christians, a (the) church ; of gatherings for worship: I Co 11:18 14:19 , 34 , 35 ; of local communities: Ac 8:3 , I Co 4:17 ; wi...

Primary meaning: to pick out, choose, to pick out for oneself, choose. Strong's: to select. Lexical nuances: to pick out, choose . In NT always mid. (exc. Lk 9:35 , ἐκλελεγμένος , WH, ἀγαπητός , R, mg.), to pick out for oneself, choose (cf. M, Pr. , 157 f.): c. acc rei, Lk 10:42 14:7 ; c. acc pers., Ac 6:5 15:22 , 25 ; of Christ (v. supr.), Lk 9:35 ; of Christ's choice of disciples, Lk 6:13 , Jo 6:70 13:18 15:16 , 19 Ac 1:2 ; of the Divine choice: of persons, Mk 13:20 , Ac 1:24 13:17 15:7 , Eph 1:4 , ...

Primary meaning: choice, select, eminent, chosen, elect, chosen. Strong's: select; by implication, favorite. Lexical nuances: choice, select (cl., rarely; Thuc., Plat., al.), hence, eminent : Ro 16:13 (cf. Ez 27:24 ).

Primary meaning: a choice, selection. Strong's: (divine) selection (abstractly or concretely). Lexical nuances: a choice, selection ; in NT, always of the Divine choice (EV, election): σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς , gen. qual., a chosen vessel; κατ ἐ. , Ro 9:11 11:5 , 28 ; c. gen. pers., I Th 1:4 , II Pe 1:10 ; by meton., ἡ ἐ. = οἱ ἐκλεκτοί , Ro 11:7 .†

Primary meaning: reproof. Strong's: proof, conviction. Lexical nuances: reproof : II Ti 3:16 .†

Primary meaning: to treat with contempt, to convict, show him his fault, to reprove, rebuke. Strong's: to confute, admonish. Lexical nuances: in Hom., to treat with contempt .

Primary meaning: to have pity, mercy on, to show mercy, to have pity, mercy shown one. Strong's: to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace). Lexical nuances: to have pity or mercy on, to show mercy : absol., Ro 9:16 12:8 ; c. acc, Mt 9:27 15:22 17:15 18:33 20:30 , 31 , Mk 5:19 10:47 , 48 , Lk 16:24 17:13 18:38 , 39 , Ro 9:15 , 18 11:32 , Phl 2:27 , Ju 22 . Pass., to have pity or mercy shown one (EV, obtain mercy): Mt 5:7 , Ro 11:30 , 31 , I Co 7:25 , II Co 4:1 , I Ti 1:13 , 16 , I Pe 2:10 .†

Primary meaning: mercy, pity, compassion. Strong's: compassion (human or divine, especially active). Lexical nuances: mercy, pity, compassion ;

Primary meaning: liberty. Strong's: freedom (legitimate or licentious, chiefly moral or ceremonial). Lexical nuances: liberty : with reference to the religious life, I Co 10:29 , II Co 3:17 , Ga 2:4 5:1 , I Pe 2:16 , II Pe 2:19 ; ὁ νόμος τῆς ἐ. , Ja 1:25 2:12 ; ἡ ἐ. τῆς δόξης , Ro 8:21 ; ἐπ’ ἐ. , Ga 5:13 (on which formula, cf. Deiss., LAE , 327 ff.; Cremer, 251).†

Primary meaning: free, as regards righteousness. Strong's: unrestrained (to go at pleasure), i.e. (as a citizen) not a slave (whether freeborn or manumitted), or (genitive case) exempt (from obligation or liability). Lexical nuances: free ;

Primary meaning: to make free. Strong's: to liberate, i.e. (figuratively) to exempt (from moral, ceremonial or mortal liability). Lexical nuances: to make free : from sin, Jo 8:32 , 36 ; seq. ἀπό , Ro 6:18 , 22 8:2 , 21 ; τ. ἐλευθερία (dat. commodi), Ga 5:1 (on the "punctiliar" force of this verb, v. M, Pr. 149; cf. also Cremer, 251).†

Primary meaning: to look for, expect, hope, for. Strong's: to expect or confide. Lexical nuances: to look for, expect, hope ( for ): c. acc rei, Ro 8:24 , 25 , I Co 13:7 , He 11:1 ; c. dat. rei ( τ. τύχῃ , Thuc., iii, 97, 2), Mt 12:21 ; seq. καθώς , II Co 8:5 ; c. inf., Lk 6:34 23:8 , Ac 26:7 , Ro 15:24 , I Co 16:7 , II Co 5:11 , Phl 2:19 , 23 , I Ti 3:14 , II Jo 12 , III Jo 14 ; seq. ὅτι , c. pres., Lk 24:21 ; c. fut., Ac 24:26 , II Co 1:13 13:6 , Phm 22 . As in LXX (WM, § xxxiii, d; and e...

Primary meaning: expectation, hope. Strong's: expectation (abstractly or concretely) or confidence. Lexical nuances: expectation (in cl., rarely of evil, mostly of good, and so always in NT), hope ;

Primary meaning: Immanuel. Strong's: God with us; Emmanuel, a name of Christ. Lexical nuances: Immanuel : Mt 1:23 (LXX) .†

Primary meaning: a lighting upon, meeting with, conversation, a petition. Strong's: an interview, i.e. (specially) supplication. Lexical nuances: a lighting upon, meeting with .

Primary meaning: a charge, injunction, order, command. Strong's: injunction, i.e. an authoritative prescription. Lexical nuances: generally, a charge, injunction, order, command : Lk 15:29 , Jo 10:18 11:57 12:49 , 50 14:31 , Ac 17:15 , Col 4:10 ; ἐ. σαρκίνη , He 7:16 , 18

Primary meaning: to fall in with, to meet with in order to converse, to petition, make petition, against. Strong's: to chance upon, i.e. (by implication) confer with; by extension to entreat (in favor or against). Lexical nuances: to fall in with .

Primary meaning: liberty, power to act, right, authority, jurisdiction. Strong's: privilege, i.e. (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedom, or (objectively) mastery (concretely, magistrate, superhuman, potentate, token of control), delegated influence. Lexical nuances: prop., liberty or power to act , freedom to exercise the inward force or faculty expressed by δύναμις (q.v.): I Co 9:12 ; ἐ. ἔχειν , II Th 3:9 ; id. seq. inf., Jo 10:18 , I Co 9:4 , 5 ; c. gen. obj., Ro 9:21 ; seq. ἐπί , c. acc., Re 22:14 ; περί , I Co 7:37 . Later (cf. Milligan, Th. , 114; MM, Exp. , xiv), of the power of right, authority : Mt 21:33 , Mk 11:28 , Lk 20:2 ; of Messianic authorit...

Primary meaning: outside, without, he who is without, forth, out, out of. Strong's: out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively. Lexical nuances: outside, without ;

Primary meaning: a summons, a promise. Strong's: an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good). Lexical nuances: a summons (as Attic law-term, Dem., al.).

Primary meaning: to announce, proclaim, to promise, to profess, to promise. Strong's: to announce upon (reflexively), i.e. (by implication) to engage to do something, to assert something respecting oneself. Lexical nuances: to announce, proclaim .

Primary meaning: to observe, perceive, discern, recognize, to discover, ascertain, determine. Strong's: to know upon some mark, i.e. recognize; by implication, to become fully acquainted with, to acknowledge. Lexical nuances: "directive" of γινώσκω (AR, Eph. , 249), as in cl.;

Primary meaning: acquaintance, discernment, recognition. Strong's: recognition, i.e. (by implication) full discernment, acknowledgement. Lexical nuances: acquaintance, discernment, recognition (Plut., al.): Phl 1:9 , Col 3:10 ; c. gen. rei, Col 1:9 2:2 , Phm 6 ; τ. ἀληθείας , I Ti 2:4 , II Ti 2:25 3:7 , Tit 1:1 , He 10:26 ; τ. ἁμαρτίας , Ro 3:20 ; c. gen. pers., of God: Eph 1:17 , Col 1:10 , II Pe 1:2 , 3 ; of Christ: Eph 4:13 , II Pe 1:8 2:20 ; of God and Christ: II Pe 1:2 ; κατ ̓ ἐ. , Ro 10:2 ; ἔχειν ἐν ἐ. , Ro 1:28 (v. AR, Eph. , 248 ff.; and...

Primary meaning: to set one's heart upon, desire, lust after, covet. Strong's: to set the heart upon, i.e. long for (rightfully or otherwise). Lexical nuances: to set one's heart upon, desire, lust after, covet : absol., Ja 4:2 , Ro 7:7 13:9 (LXX) , I Co 10:6 (of. IV Mac 2:6 ); seq. κατά (against, in opposition to), Ga 5:17 ; prop. (as in cl.) c. gen., Ac 20:33 , I Ti 3:1 ; in late Gk. also c. acc (M, Pr. , 65), Mt 5:28 (Rec. αὐτῆς ; T omits; cf. Ex 20:17 , Mi 2:2 , Wi 16:3 , al.); c. inf., Mt 13:17 , Lk 15:16 16:21 17:22 , I Pe 1:12 , Re 9:6 ; c. acc...

Primary meaning: desire, longing, desire, lust. Strong's: a longing (especially for what is forbidden). Lexical nuances: desire, longing : Lk 22:15 (v.s. ἐπιθυμέω ), Phl 1:23 , I Th 2:17 , Re 18:14 ; p1., Mk 4:19 ; esp. with ref. to forbidden things, desire, lust (Vg., concupiscentia ): Ro 7:7 , 8 , Ja 1:14 , 15 , II Pe 1:4 ; pl., Ga 5:24 , I Ti 6:9 , II Ti 2:22 4:3 , I Pe 1:14 4:2 ; πάθος ἐπιθυμίας , I Th 4:5 ; ἐ. κακή , Col 3:5 ; c. gen., μιασμοῦ , II Pe 2:10 (v. Mayor, in l.); τ. καρδιῶν , Ro 1:24 ; τ. κόσμου ...

Primary meaning: release, solution, interpretation. Strong's: explanation, i.e. application. Lexical nuances: release .

Primary meaning: to strike at, to punish, to rebuke, reprove. Strong's: to chastise, i.e. (with words) to upbraid. Lexical nuances: to strike at, to punish .

Primary meaning: a visiting, visitation, office, charge, office of an. Strong's: inspection (for relief); by implication, superintendence; specially, the Christian "episcopate". Lexical nuances: a visiting, visitation ( εἰς ἐ. τοῦ παιδός , Lucian, dial. deor., 20, 6); as in LXX (after Heb.), of God's visitation in mercy, or in judgment ( Le 19:20 Jb 10:12 , Je 6:15 , Wi 2:20 , al.): Lk 19:44 , I Pe 2:12 (v. Hort, in l.).

Primary meaning: a watcher, a superintendent, guardian, overseer, a bishop. Strong's: a superintendent, i.e. Christian officer in genitive case charge of a (or the) church (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a superintendent, guardian, overseer (cl.; for exx. v. LS, s.v.): Ac 20:28 , I Pe 2:25 ( ICC , in l.); as technical term for a religious office (Deiss., BS , 230 f.), in later Paul. epp. of the head of a church (Vg. episcopus ), a bishop : Phl 1:1 , I Ti 3:2 , Tit 1:7 (v. reff. s.v. ἐπισκοπή ).†

Primary meaning: to turn about, round, towards, to turn, cause to return, to turn, turn oneself around. Strong's: to revert (literally, figuratively or morally). Lexical nuances: trans., to turn about, round or towards , hence metaph., to turn, cause to return (to God, virtue, etc.): Lk 1:16 , 17 (cf. Ma 3:24 ), Ja 5:19 , 20 .

Primary meaning: a turning about, conversion. Strong's: reversion, i.e. morally, revolution. Lexical nuances: a turning about ; metaph., conversion (Field, Notes , 246): Ac 15:3 .†

Primary meaning: a manifestation, appear­ance. Strong's: a manifestation, i.e. (specially) the advent of Christ (past or future). Lexical nuances: a manifestation, appear­ance : II Th 2:8 , I Ti 6:14 , II Ti 1:10 4:1 , 8 , Tit 2:13 (cf. M, Th. , 148 f.).†

Primary meaning: a supply. Strong's: contribution. Lexical nuances: a supply : Eph 4:16 , Phl 1:19 .†

Primary meaning: translation. Strong's: translation.

Primary meaning: to explain, to interpret. Strong's: to translate. Lexical nuances: to explain .

Primary meaning: to come, to go. Strong's: to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively). Lexical nuances: to come ; of persons, either as arriving or returning from elsewhere: Mt 8:9 , Mk 6:31 , Lk 7:8 , Jo 4:27 , Ro 9:9 , al.; seq. ἀπό , Mk 5:35 7:1 , Jo 3:2 , al.; ἐκ , Lk 5:17 , Jo 3:31 , al.; εἰς , Mk 1:29 , al.; διά seq. εἰς , Mk 7:31 ; ἐν (Cremer, 263 f., but v.s. ἐν ), Ro 15:29 , I Co 4:21 ; ἐπί , c. acc., Mk 6:53 11:13 , Jo 19:33 , al.; κατά , c. acc., Lk 10:33 Ac 16:7 ; παρά , c. gen., Lk 8...

Primary meaning: to, within, into, within. Strong's: inside (as preposition or adjective). Lexical nuances: prop., after verbs of motion ( to ) within, into : Mt 26:58 , Mk 14:54 ; c. gen., Mk 15:16 .

Primary meaning: to bring or announce glad tidings, to be proclaimed as glad tidings, to have glad tidings proclaimed, to proclaim glad tidings. Strong's: to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel. Lexical nuances: to bring or announce glad tidings ;

Primary meaning: a reward for good tidings, to make a thank-offering for good tidings, good tidings, good news, the gospel. Strong's: a good message, i.e. the gospel. Lexical nuances: in cl.,

Primary meaning: to speak well of, praise, to give praise, to bless, invoke blessings on, blessed. Strong's: to speak well of, i.e. (religiously) to bless (thank or invoke a benediction upon, prosper). Lexical nuances: to speak well of, praise (cl.; LXX De 8:10 , al.): τ. θεόν , Lk 1:64 2:28 24:51 , 53 ( αἰνοῦντες , T, WH, mg.), Ja 3:9 ; absol., to give praise , Mt 14:19 26:26 (v. Swete on Mk 14:22 ), Mk 6:41 14:22 (v. Swete, in l.), Lk 24:30 , I Co 14:16 .

Primary meaning: blessed. Strong's: adorable. Lexical nuances: blessed ;

Primary meaning: fair speaking, flattering speech, praise, blessing, benediction, a blessing. Strong's: fine speaking, i.e. elegance of language; commendation ("eulogy"), i.e. (reverentially) adoration; religiously, benediction; by implication, consecration; by extension, benefit or largess. Lexical nuances: fair speaking, flattering speech : χρηστολογίας καὶ εὐ. , Ro 16:18 .

Primary meaning: piety, reverence, piety towards God, godliness. Strong's: piety; specially, the gospel scheme. Lexical nuances: piety, reverence (towards parents and others).

Primary meaning: to reverence, show piety towards. Strong's: to be pious, i.e. (towards God) to worship, or (towards parents) to respect (support). Lexical nuances: to reverence, show piety towards ; c. acc (else­where more freq. seq. εἰς., περί, πρός ): οἶκον , I Ti 5:4 ; θεόν , Ac 17:23 (Cremer, 525).†

Primary meaning: pious, godly, devout. Strong's: well-reverent, i.e. pious. Lexical nuances: pious, godly, devout : Ac 10:2 , 7 , II Pe 2:9 .†

Primary meaning: to be thankful, give thanks. Strong's: to be grateful, i.e. (actively) to express gratitude (towards); specially, to say grace at a meal. Lexical nuances: to be thankful, give thanks (chiefly in late writers and Inscr.; cf. Milligan, Th. , 5; Ellic. on Col 1:12 ; Lft., Notes , 9): Ro 1:21 , I Co 14:17 , I Th 5:18 ; of giving thanks before meat, Mt 15:36 26:27 , Mk 8:6 14:23 , Lk 22:17 , 19 , Jo 6:11 , 23 , I Co 11:24 ; c. dat. pens., τ. θεῷ , Lk 17:16 , Ac 27:35 28:15 , Ro 14:6 16:4 , I Co 14:18 , Phl 1:3 , Col 1:3 , 12 , Phm 4 ; seq. διὰ Ἰ. Χρισ...

Primary meaning: thankfulness, gratitude, giving of thanks, thanksgiving. Strong's: gratitude; actively, grateful language (to God, as an act of worship). Lexical nuances: thankfulness, gratitude (Polyb.; Es, Si, II Mac, ll. c.): Ac 24:3 .

Primary meaning: life. Strong's: life (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: life (in Hom., Hdt., = βίος , q.v.; later, existence , vita quâ vivimus , as distinct from βίος , vita quam vivimus ; opp. to θάνατος ); of natural life: Lk 16:25 , Ac 8:33 , I Co 15:19 , I Ti 4:8 , He 7:3 , Ja 4:14 ; πνεῦμα ζωῆς , Re 11:11 ; ψυχὴ ζωῆς ( Ge 1:30 ), Re 16:3 ; of the life of one risen from the dead, Ro 5:10 , He 7:16 . Of the life of the kingdom of God, the present life of grace ...

Primary meaning: day, by day, at mid-day, a day's journey. Strong's: day, i.e. (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the Jews as inclusive of the parts of both extremes); figuratively, a period (always defined more or less clearly by the context). Lexical nuances: day ; as distinct from night: gen. ἡμέρας , by day (WM, §30, 11), Re 21:25 ; ἡ. κ. νυκτός (ν. κ. ἡ.) , Ac 9:24 , I Th 2:9 , II Th 3:8 , Re 4:8 (Bl., §36, 13); ἡμέρας μέσης , at mid-day , Ac 26:13 ; acc. durat., τ. ἡμέρας , Lk 21:37 ; ὅλην τὴν ἡ. , Ro 8:36 ; ἐν ἡμέρᾳ , Jo 11:9 , Ro 13:13 ; ἡμέρας ὁδός , a day's journey , Lk 2:44 ; ἡ. γίνεται , Lk 4:42 22:66 ; κλίνει , Lk 9:12 , al.; metaph., Jo ...

Primary meaning: death. Strong's: (properly, an adjective used as a noun) death (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: death ; of the death of the body, whether natural or violent: Jo 11:13 , Phl 2:27 , He 7:23 , al; opp. to ζωή , Ro 8:38 , Phl 1:20 ; of the death of Christ, Ro 5:10 , Phl 3:10 , He 2:9 ; ῥυέσθαι (σώζειν) ἐκ θ. , II Co 1:10 , He 5:7 ; περίλυπος ἕως θανάτου , Mt 26:38 , Mk 14:34 ; μέχρι (ἄχρι) θ. , Phl 2:8 , Re 2:10 ; πληγὴ θανάτου , a deadly wound, Re 13:3 ; ἰδεῖν θάνατον , Lk 2:26 , He 11:5 ; γ...

Primary meaning: divine, the Deity. Strong's: godlike (neuter as noun, divinity). Lexical nuances: divine : δύναμις , II Pe 1:3 ; φύσις (for parallel in π. , v. MM, Exp. , xv), II Pe 1:4 ; τὸ θ. , the Deity (so in cl.; of God, in Philo and FlJ), Ac 17:29 .†

Primary meaning: divine nature, divinity. Strong's: divinity (abstractly). Lexical nuances: divine nature , divinity : Ro 1:20 (for ex. from π. , v. MM, Exp. , xv).†

Primary meaning: will. Strong's: a determination (properly, the thing), i.e. (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination. Lexical nuances: will ,

Primary meaning: inspired by God. Strong's: divinely breathed in. Lexical nuances: inspired by God : II Ti 3:16 .†

Primary meaning: a god or deity, God, a god, deity. Strong's: figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very. Lexical nuances: a god or deity , God . In polytheistic sense, a god or deity : Ac 28:6 , I Co 8:4 , II Th 2:4 , al.; pl., Ac. 14:11 19:26 , Ga 4:8 , al. Of the one true God ; anarthrous: Mt 6:24, Lk 20:38, al.; esp. c. prep. (Kühner 3 , iii, 605), ἀπὸ θ. , Jo 3:2 ; ἐκ , Ac 5:39 , II Co 5:1 , Phl 3:9 ; ὑπό , Ro 13:1 ; παρὰ θεοῦ , Jo 1:6 ; παρὰ θεῷ , II Th 1:6 , I Pe 2:4 ; κατὰ θεόν , Ro 8:27 , II Co 7:9 , 10 ; ...

Primary meaning: deity, Godhead. Strong's: divinity (abstractly). Lexical nuances: deity , Godhead : Col 2:9 †

Primary meaning: passion, hot anger, wrath, impulses. Strong's: passion (as if breathing hard). Lexical nuances: passion , hot anger , wrath : He 11:27 ; ὀργὴ καὶ θ. , Ro 2:8 , cf. Col 3:8 ; πικρία κ. θ. , Eph 4:31 ; πλησθῆναι, πλήρης θυμοῦ , Lk 4:28 , Ac 19:28 ; θ. ἔχειν , Re 12:12 ; οἶνος τ. θυμοῦ τ. πορνείας (cf. Je 28 (51):7 ), Re 14:8 18:3 (cf. Re 17:2 ); οἶνος τ. θ. τ. θεοῦ , Re 14:10 ; id., τ. ὀργῆς τ. θεοῦ , Re 16:19 19:15 ; ὁ θ. τ. θεοῦ , Re 14:19 15:1 , 7 16:1 ; pl., impulses or outbursts of ang...

Primary meaning: a window. Strong's: an aperture, i.e. window. Lexical nuances: a window : Ac 20:9 , II Co 11:33 .†

Primary meaning: an offering, sacrifice, a sacrifice. Strong's: sacrifice (the act or the victim, literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: actively, an offering , sacrifice (Hdt., al.).

Primary meaning: to offer, to sacrifice, offer sacrifice, to slay. Strong's: properly, to rush (breathe hard, blow, smoke), i.e. (by implication) to sacrifice (properly, by fire, but genitive case); by extension to immolate (slaughter for any purpose). Lexical nuances: to offer first fruits to a god.

Primary meaning: a priest. Strong's: a priest (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a priest : ἱ. τ. Διός , Ac 14:13 ; of Jewish priests, Mt 8:4 12:4 , 5 , Mk 1:44 2:26 , Lk 1:5 5:14 , Jo 1:19 , He 8:4 , al.; of Christ, He 5:6 (LXX) He 10:21 ; of Christians, Re 1:6 5:10 20:6 (Cremer, 293; on the acc. pl., ἱερεῖς , v. Thack., Gr. , 147 f.; Bl., § 8, 2).

Primary meaning: to perform sacred rites, to minister in priestly service. Strong's: to be a temple-worker, i.e. officiate as a priest (figuratively). Lexical nuances: to perform sacred rites ; c. acc., to minister in priestly service ( minister in sacrifice , R, mg.), τὸ εὐαγγέλιον , Ro 15:16 .†

Primary meaning: priesthood. Strong's: sacredness, i.e. (by implication) the priestly office. Lexical nuances: priesthood : He 7:11 , 12 , 24 .†

Primary meaning: JESUS, Joshua, Jesus, Jesus. Strong's: Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites. Lexical nuances: JESUS : Mt 1:21 , al.; ὁ Ἰ , Mt 3:13 , al.; Ἰ. Χριστός , Mt 1:1 , Mk 1:1 , al.; Χρ. Ἰ. , Ro 2:26 , al.; κύριος Ἰ. , Ac 28:31 , al.; Ἰησοῦ , voc., Mk 1:24 , al. Joshua : Ac 7:45 , He 4:8 . Jesus , son of Eliezer: Lk 3:29 . Jesus , surnamed Justus: Col 4:11 . v.s. βαραββᾶς .

Primary meaning: of a suppliant, an olive-branch, supplication. Strong's: intreaty. Lexical nuances: of a suppliant ; as subst., ἡ ἱ. (sc. ῥάβδος ), in cl., an olive-branch , carried by a suppliant. In late Gk. = ἱκεσία , supplication : pl., δεήσεις κ. ἱ. , He 5:7 .

Primary meaning: an appeasing, a means of appeasing, propitiation, forgiveness. Strong's: atonement, i.e. (concretely) an expiator. Lexical nuances: an appeasing (Plut.).

Primary meaning: propitiatory. Strong's: an expiatory (place or thing), i.e. (concretely) an atoning victim, or (specially) the lid of the Ark (in the Temple). Lexical nuances: propitiatory ( μνῆμα , FlJ, Ant. , xvi, 7, 1; θάνατος , II Mac, l.c.): of Christ, Ro 3:25 ; as subst., το ἱ. (sc. ἐπίθεμα , Ex 25:16 , 17 , where the word first occurs in LXX and where ἱ. ἐ. = כַּפֹּרֶת (q.v. in BDB, s.v.), elsewhere rendered simply τὸ ἱ ; cf. Deiss., 124 ff.; Westc., He. , in l.), He 9:5 .†

Primary meaning: Jewish, a Jew, Judæa. Strong's: Judæan, i.e. belonging to Jehudah. Lexical nuances: Jewish : ἀνήρ , Ac 10:28 22:3 ; ἄνθρωπος , Ac 21:39 ; ψευδοπροφήτης , 13:6 ; ἀσχιερεύς , 19:14 ; γυνή , 16:1 24:24 ; γῆ , Jo 3:22 ; χώρα , Mk 1:5 . Substantively, Ἰουδαῖος, ὁ , a Jew : Jo 4:9 , Ac 18:24 , Ro 2:28 ; pl., Re 2:9 3:9 ; οἱ Ἰ. , Mt 2:2 , Mk 7:3 , Jo 2:6 , al.; Ἰ. τε καὶ Ἕλληνες , Ac 14:1 , al.; κ. προσήλυτοι , Ac 2:10 ; ἔθνη τε κ. Ἰ. , Ac 14:5 ; οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη Ἰ. , Ac 21:21 ; of Je...

Primary meaning: Judaism, the observance of Jewish rites. Strong's: "Judaism", i.e. the Jewish faith and usages. Lexical nuances: Judaism , the observance of Jewish rites : Ga 1:13 , 14 .†

Primary meaning: new, fresh, unused, novel. Lexical nuances: of that which is unused or unaccustomed, new in respect to form or quality, fresh , unused , novel : opp. to παλαιός , ἀρχαῖος , Mt 9:17 13:52 , Mk 2:21 , 22 , Lk 5:36 , 38 , II Co 5:17 , Eph 4:24 ; πλήρωμα , Mk 2:21 ; μνημεῖον , Mt 27:60 , Jo 19:41 ; διαθήκη (T, WH, R, txt., omit), Lk 22:20 , I Co 11:25 , II Co 3:6 , He 8:8 (LXX) , 13 9:15 ; οὐρανοί, γῆ , II Pe 3:13 , Re 21:1 (LXX) Ἰερουσαλήμ ...

Primary meaning: a rod, bar, a measuring rule, a rule. Strong's: a rule ("canon"), i.e. (figuratively) a standard (of faith and practice); by implication, a boundary, i.e. (figuratively) a sphere (of activity). Lexical nuances: a rod or bar ( Jth 13:6 ).

Primary meaning: the heart. Strong's: the heart, i.e. (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle. Lexical nuances: the heart , the bodily organ which is regarded as the seat of life ( II Ki 18:14 , IV Ki 9:24 , al.). In a psychological sense, the seat of man's collective energies, the focus of personal life, the seat of the rational as well as the emotional and volitional elements in human life, hence that wherein lies the moral and religious condition of the man ( DB , ii, 317 f.; DGG , ii, 344 a ); of the...

Primary meaning: exchange, reconciliation. Strong's: exchange (figuratively, adjustment), i.e. restoration to (the divine) favor. Lexical nuances: exchange .

Primary meaning: to change, exchange, to change, to reconcile. Strong's: to change mutually, i.e. (figuratively) to compound a difference. Lexical nuances: prop., to change , exchange (esp. of money); hence, of persons, to change from emnity to friendship, to reconcile (for exx. in cl., v. Thayer, LS): of the reconciliation of man to God (Lft., Notes , 288; ICC on Ro 5:10 ; DCG , ii, 474, 797), II Co 5:18 , 19 ; pass., Ro 5:10 , II Co 5:20 ; of a woman returning to her husband, I Co 7:11 (cf. ἀπο-καταλλάσσω ).†

Primary meaning: veil, curtain. Strong's: something spread thoroughly, i.e. (specially) the door screen (to the Most Holy Place) in the Jewish Temple. Lexical nuances: in NT always the inner veil or curtain of the Temple (or Tabernacle): Mt 27:51 , Mk 15:38 , Lk 23:45 , He 6:19 9:3 ; fig., ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ , He 10:20 .†

Primary meaning: a curse. Strong's: imprecation, execration. Lexical nuances: a curse : Ga 3:10 , 13 , He 6:8 , II Pe 2:14 ; opp. to εὐλογία , Ja 3:10 ; concrete, of Christ, Ga 3:13 (v. Lft. in l.).†

Primary meaning: to curse, accursed, under a curse. Strong's: to execrate; by analogy, to doom. Lexical nuances: to curse : c. acc., Mk 11:21 ; opp. to εὐλογέω , Lk 6:28 , Ro 12:14 , Ja 3:9 ; pass. pf. ptcp., accursed , under a curse (v. M, Pr. , 221): Mt 25:41 .†

Primary meaning: to empty, to empty, make empty, vain. Strong's: to make empty, i.e. (figuratively) to abase, neutralize, falsify. Lexical nuances: to empty . Metaph., to empty , make empty , vain or of no effect : καύχημα , I Co 9:15 ; ἑαυτόν , of Christ, Phl 2:7 (v Lft.; ICC , in l, and esp. Gifford, Incarn. , 54 ff.); pass., πίστις , Ro 4:14 ; ὁ σταυρός , I Co 1:17 ; καύχημα , II Co 9:3 .†

Primary meaning: the head. Strong's: the head (as the part most readily taken hold of), literally or figuratively. Lexical nuances: the head : Mt 5:36 , Mk 6:24 , Re 1:14 9:7 , al. mult.; fig., ἄνθρακες ἐπὶ τὴν κ. , Ro 12:20 (LXX) ; αἷμα , Ac 18:6 ; metaph., of a husband, c. gen., I Co 11:3 , Eph 5:23 ; of Christ, I Co 11:3 , Eph 4:15 5:23 , Col 1:18 2:10 , 19 ; of things, κ. γωνίας , Mt 21:42 (LXX) .

Primary meaning: that which is cried by a herald, a proclamation, proclamation, message. Strong's: a proclamation (especially of the gospel; by implication, the gospel itself). Lexical nuances: in cl., that which is cried by a herald , a proclamation . In NT (v. Lft., Notes , 161), of God's heralds, proclamation , message , preaching (i.e. the substance as distinct from the act which would be expressed by † κήρυξις ): Mt 12:41 , Lk 11:32 , I Co 1:21 , II Ti 4:17 , Tit 1:3 ; c. gen. subjc., τὸ κ. μου , I Co 2:4 ; ἡμῶν , I Co 15:14 ; c. gen. obj., Ἰησοῦ Χρ. , Ro 16:25 .†

Primary meaning: a herald. Strong's: a herald, i.e. of divine truth (especially of the gospel). Lexical nuances: a herald : I Ti 2:7 , II Ti 1:11 , II Pe 2:5 .†

Primary meaning: to be a herald, to proclaim, to proclaim, preach. Strong's: to herald (as a public crier), especially divine truth (the gospel). Lexical nuances: to be a herald , to proclaim : Mk 1:45 7:36 , Lk 4:18 , 19 (LXX) (but v. Field, Notes , 174) 8:39 , Ro 2:21 , I Co 9:27 , Ga 5:11 , al.; in NT, chiefly of the proclamation of the Gospel, to proclaim , preach : τὸ εὐαγέλιον , Mt 4:23 9:35 24:14 26:13 , Mk 1:14 13:10 14:9 16:[15] , Ga 2:2 , Col 1:23 , I Th 2:9 ; seq. εἰς , Mk 1:39 13:10 , Lk 4:44 , I Th 2:9 ; ἵνα , Mk 6:12 ; c. inf., Ro 2:21 ; κ....

Primary meaning: to receive by lot, to inherit, to possess oneself of, receive as one's own. Strong's: to be an heir to (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: to receive by lot .

Primary meaning: an inherited property, an inheritance, a possession, inheritance. Strong's: heirship, i.e. (concretely) a patrimony or (genitive case) a possession. Lexical nuances: prop., an inherited property , an inheritance : Mt 21:38 , Mk 12:7 , Lk 12:13 20:14 ; in general, a possession , inheritance : Ac 7:5 , He 11:8 ; of the Messianic Kingdom and its blessings, Ac 20:32 , Ga 3:18 , Col 3:24 , Eph 1:14 , 18 5:5 , He 9:15 , I Pe 1:4 .†

Primary meaning: an heir, a possessor. Strong's: a sharer by lot, i.e. inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor. Lexical nuances: (as in cl.) an heir : Mt 21:38 , Mk 12:7 , Lk 20:14 , Ga 4:1 ; of those who as sons of God inherit the privileges of the Messianic Kingdom; of Christ himself, He 1:2 ; of Abraham, Ro 4:13 , 14 ; of Christians, Ro 8:17 , Ga 3:29 , Tit 3:7 , Ja 2:5 .

Primary meaning: a calling, call. Strong's: an invitation (figuratively). Lexical nuances: a calling , call ; in NT, always of the Divine call to salvation: Ro 11:29 , I Co 1:26 7:20 , Eph 1:18 4:1 , 4 , Phl 3:14 , II Th 1:11 , II Ti 1:9 , He 3:1 , II Pe 1:10 (Cremer, 332).†

Primary meaning: called, invited, saints by calling. Strong's: invited, i.e. appointed, or (specially), a saint. Lexical nuances: called , invited (as to a banquet, Æsch., I Ki 1:41 , III Mac 5:14 ); in NT, always of the Divine call; to some office: κ. ἀπόστολος , Ro 1:1 , I Co 1:1 ; to salvation: Ro 8:28 , I Co 1:24 , Ju 1 ; κ. καὶ ἐκλεκτοὶ κ. πιστοί , Re 17:14 ; in gosp. (not in pl., v.s. καλέω ) disting. fr. ἐκλεκτός , Mt 20:16 (WH, txt., R, omit), 22:14 ; κ. Ἰησοῦ Χρ. , Ro 1:6 ; κ. ἅγιοι , saints by calling , Ro 1:7 ,...

Primary meaning: fellowship, communion, contribution. Strong's: partnership, i.e. (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction. Lexical nuances: fellowship , communion : Ac 2:42 , II Co 6:14 , Phl 1:5 ; τ. υἱοῦ , I Co 1:9 ; τ. αἵματος, σώματος Χρ. , I Co 10:16 ; παθημάτων αὐτσῦ , Phl 3:10 ; τ. πνεύματος , II Co 13:13 , Phl 2:1 ; δεξιὰς κοινωνίας , Ga 2:9 ; τ. πίστεώς σου , Phm 6 ; seq. μετὰ : τ. πατρός , I Jo 1:3 , 6 ; ἡμῶν, ἀλλήλων , ib. 3 , 7 .

Primary meaning: a partner, associate, companion, a partaker. Strong's: a sharer, i.e. associate. Lexical nuances: as adj., = κοινός .

Primary meaning: strength, power, might, mightily. Strong's: vigor ("great") (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: strength , esp. as in Hom., of bodily strength.

Primary meaning: judgment, a matter, a law-suit, a case. Strong's: a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime")). Lexical nuances: the issue of a judicial process, hence, judgment , the decision passed on the faults of others: Mt 7:2 ; in forensic sense, c. gen. pun., Lk 24:20 ; esp. of the judgment of God, Ro 2:2 5:16 11:33 ( ICC , in l.), II Pe 2:3 , Ju 4 ; κ. λαμβάι εσθαι , Mt 23:13 (Rec., R, mg.), Mk 12:40 , Lk 20:47 , Ro 13:2 , Ja 3:1 ; ἔχειν , I Ti 5:12 ; βαστάζειν , Ga 5:10 ; ἐσθίειν ἑαυτῷ , I Co 11:29 ; εἰς κ. συνέ...

Primary meaning: to, separate, select, choose. Strong's: by implication, to try, condemn, punish. Lexical nuances: to separate , select , choose (cl.; in LXX: II Mac 13:15 ). to approve , esteem : Ro 14:5 . to be of opinion , judge , think : Lk 7:43 , I Co 11:13 ; seq. τοῦτο ὅτι , II Co 5:14 ; c. acc. et inf., Ac 16:15 ; c. acc. et pred., Ac 13:46 26:8 . to decide , determine , decree : c. acc., Ac 16:4 , Ro 14:13 , I Co 7:37 , II Co 2:1 ; c. inf. (Field, Notes , 167), Ac 20:16 25:25 , I Co 2:2 5:3 , Tit 3:...

Primary meaning: a seperating, selection, a decision, judgment. Strong's: decision (subjectively or objectively, for or against); by extension, a tribunal; by implication, justice (especially, divine law). Lexical nuances: a seperating , selection (Arist., al.)

Primary meaning: a judge. Strong's: a judge (genitive case or specially). Lexical nuances: a judge : Mt 5:25 , Lk 12:14 , 58 18:2 ; τ. ἀδικίας , Lk 18:6 ; c. gen. rei (obj.), Ac 18:15 , Ja 4:11 ; (qual.), διαλογισμῶν πονηρῶν , Ja 2:4 ; of a Roman procurator, Ac 24:10 ; of God, He 12:23 , Ja 4:12 ; Christ, Ac 10:42 , II Ti 4:8 , Ja 5:9 ; of those whose conduct is made a standard for judging, Mt 12:27 , Lk 11:19 ; in the OT sense ( Jg 2:16 , Ru 1:1 , al), of a ruler in Israel, Ac 13:20 .†

Primary meaning: to people, found, to create. Strong's: to fabricate, i.e. found (form originally). Lexical nuances: in cl., to people or found a region or city ( I Es 4:53 ).

Primary meaning: a founding, settling, foundation, the act of creating. Strong's: original formation (properly, the act; by implication, the thing, literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a founding , settling , foundation (cl.).

Primary meaning: having power, authority, lord, master. Strong's: supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title). Lexical nuances: having power ( κῦρος ) or authority ; as subst., ὁ κ. , lord , master ; in general: c. gen. rei, Mt 9:38 20:8 , Mk 12:9 13:35 , Lk 19:33 ; τ. σαββάτου , Mt 12:8 , Mk 2:28 , Lk 6:5 ; c. gen. pers., δούλου , etc., Mt 10:24 , Lk 14:21 , Ac 16:16 , al.; absol., opp. to οἱ δοῦλοι , Eph 6:5 , 9 , al.; of the Emperor (Deiss., LAE , 161), Ac 25:26 ; θεοὶ πολλοὶ καὶ κ. πολλοί , I Co 8:5 ; of a husband, ...

Primary meaning: lordship, dominion. Strong's: mastery, i.e. (concretely and collectively) rulers. Lexical nuances: lordship , dominion : Eph 1:21 , II Pe 2:10 , Ju 8 ; pl., Col 1:16 (cf. Lft., Col 1:16 ; Mayor, Ju 8 ; DB , i, 616 f.).†

Primary meaning: the people, a people. Strong's: a people (in general; thus differing from G1218 (δῆμος), which denotes one's own populace). Lexical nuances: the people at large (Hom., al.), esp. of people assembled: Mt 27:25 , Lk 1:21 3:15 al.; pl. (Hom., al., π. ; v. MM, xvi), Ac 4:27 .

Primary meaning: an oracle. Strong's: an utterance (of God). Lexical nuances: an oracle : Ac 7:38 , Ro 3:2 , He 5:12 , I Pe 4:11 (on the eccl., λόγια τ. Κυρίου , v. Lft., Essay on Sup. Rel. , 172 ff.).†

Primary meaning: a word, a saying, statement, declaration. Strong's: something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse), also reasoning (the mental faculty) or motive; by extension, a computation; specially, (with the article in John) the Divine Expression (i.e. Christ). Lexical nuances: Of that by which the inward thought is expressed, Lat. oratio , sermo , vox , verbum . a word , not in the grammatical sense of a mere name ( ἔπος , ὄνομα , ῥῆμα ), but a word as embodying a conception or idea: Mt 8:8 , Lk 7:7 , I Co 14:9 , 19 , He 12:19 , al. a saying , statement , declaration : Mt 19:22 (T om.), Mk 5:36 7:29 , Lk 1:29 , Jo 2:22 6:60 , Ac 7:29 , al.; c. gen. attrib., Ac 13:15 ...

Primary meaning: a ransom. Strong's: something to loosen with, i.e. a redemption price (figuratively, atonement). Lexical nuances: a ransom (as for a life, Ex 21:30 ; for slaves, Le 19:20 ; for captives, Is 45:13 ): ἀντὶ πολλῶν , Mt 20:28 , Mk 10:45 (v. Swete, in l., and for discussion of λ. and its cognates, Westc., He. , 295 f.; Deiss., LAE , 331 f.; cf. also ἀντί-λύτρον ).†

Primary meaning: to release on receipt of ransom, to release by paying ransom, to redeem, to deliver. Strong's: to ransom (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: to release on receipt of ransom ; mid., to release by paying ransom , to redeem : in spiritual sense, Tit 2:14 ; pass, I Pe 1:18 ; in general sense, to deliver (cf. Ex 6:6 , Ps 68 (69):18 , al.): Lk 24:21 .†

Primary meaning: a ransoming, redemption, deliverance. Strong's: a ransoming (figuratively). Lexical nuances: a ransoming , redemption ( αἰχμαλώτων , Plut., Arat. , 11): of the mediatorial work of Christ, He 9:12 ; in general sense, deliverance (cf. Ps 48 (49):8 ): Lk 1:68 2:38 .†

Primary meaning: a redeemer, deliverer. Strong's: a redeemer (figuratively). Lexical nuances: a redeemer , deliverer : Ac 7:35 (not found elsewhere).†

Primary meaning: to persevere, to be patient, long-suffering. Strong's: to be long-spirited, i.e. (objectively) forbearing or (subjectively) patient. Lexical nuances: actively = καρτερέω , to persevere (Plut., 2, 593 F).

Primary meaning: patience, longsuffering. Strong's: longanimity, i.e. (objectively) forbearance or (subjectively) fortitude. Lexical nuances: patience , longsuffering : of men, esp. in experiencing troubles and difficulties, Col 1:11 , II Ti 3:10 , He 6:12 , Ja 5:10 ; of God's forbearance, Ro 2:4 9:22 , II Co 6:6 , Ga 5:22 , Eph 4:2 , Col 3:12 , I Ti 1:16 , II Ti 4:2 , I Pe 3:20 , II Pe 3:15 .†

Primary meaning: to be a witness, bear witness, testify, to witness favourably. Strong's: to be a witness, i.e. testify (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: prop., to be a witness , bear witness , testify : absol. (Pind., al.), Jo 15:27 , Ac 26:5 ; parenthetical (Bl., § 79, 7; MM, xvi), II Co 8:3 ; c. dat. pers. (comm. et incomm.; Bl., § 37, 2), Ac 22:5 , He 10:15 ; id. seq. ὅτι , Mt 23:31 , Ro 10:2 , al.; acc. et inf., Ac 10:43 ; c. acc. rei (cl.), Jo 3:11 , Re 22:16 , 20 ; c. acc. cogn., seq. περί , Jo 5:32 , I Jo 5:10 ; c. dat. rei, Jo 5:33 , Ac...

Primary meaning: witness, testimony, evidence. Strong's: evidence given (judicially or genitive case). Lexical nuances: witness , testimony , evidence : Mk 14:56 , Lk 22:71 , Jo 5:34 19:35 21:24 , I Ti 3:7 , Tit 1:13 , III Jo 12 , Re 11:7 ; c. gen. subj., Mk 14:9 , Jo 8:17 (LXX aliter) , I Jo 5:9 ; seq. κατά , c. gen. pers., Mk 14:55 ; esp. of witness concerning Christ and divine things, Jo 1:7 3:11 , 32 , 33 5:32 , 36 , Re 6:9 ; c. gen. subj., Jo 1:19 5:31 8:13 , 14 , Ac 22:18 , I Jn 5:9-11 , Re 12:11 ; c. gen....

Primary meaning: a testimony, witness, proof. Strong's: something evidential, i.e. (genitive case) evidence given or (specially), the Decalogue (in the sacred Tabernacle). Lexical nuances: a testimony , witness , proof (Hdt., Thuc., al.): c. gen. subj., II Co 1:12 , II Th 1:10 ; c. gen. obj., Ac 4:33 , I Co 1:6 2:1 (WH, txt., R, txt., μυστήριον ; II Ti 1:8 ; εἰς μ. , Mt 8:4 10:18 Mt 24:14 , Mk 1:44 6:11 13:9 , Lk 5:14 9:5 21:13 , He 3:5 , Ja 5:3 ; τὸ μ. καιροῖς ἰδίοις ( CGT , in l.), I Ti 2:6 ; ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μ. (LXX for אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד ), Ac 7:44 , Re 15:5 .†

Primary meaning: a witness. Strong's: a witness (literally (judicially) or figuratively (genitive case)); by analogy, a "martyr". Lexical nuances: a witness : Ac 10:41 , I Ti 6:12 , II Ti 2:2 , He 12:1 (Westc., in l.); in forensic sense, Mt 18:16 26:65 , Mk 14:63 , Ac 6:13 7:58 , II Co 13:1 , I Ti 5:19 , He 10:28 ; c. gen. obj., Lk 24:48 , Ac 1:22 2:32 3:15 5:32 10:39 26:16 , I Pe 5:1 ; c. gen. poss., Ac 1:8 13:31 , Re 11:3 ; c. dat. pers., Lk 11:48 , Ac 22:15 ; of Christ, Re 1:5 3:14 ; of God, Ro 1:9 , II Co 1:23 , Phl 1:8 , I Th 2:5 , 1...

Primary meaning: a member, limb. Strong's: a limb or part of the body. Lexical nuances: a member , limb of the body: I Co 12:14 , 19 , 26 , Eph 4:16 (WH, mg.), Ja 3:5 ; pl. (as always in cl.), τὰ μ. : Mt 5:29 , 30 , Ro 6:13 , 19 7:5 , 23 12:4 , I Co 12:12 ff. Col 3:5 , Ja 3:6 4:1 . Metaph., πόρνης , I Co 6:15 ; of Christians, μ. ἀλλήλων , Ro 12:5 , Eph 4:25 ; Χριστοῦ , I Co 6:15 ; σώματος Χριστοῦ , I Co 12:27 , Eph 5:30 .†

Primary meaning: Melchizedek. Strong's: Melchisedek (i.e. Malkitsedek), a patriarch. Lexical nuances: Melchizedek : He 5:6 , 10 6:20 7:1 , 10 , 11 , 15 , 17 .†

Primary meaning: to stay, abide, remain. Strong's: to stay (in a given place, state, relation or expectancy). Lexical nuances: to stay , abide , remain . Intrans.; of place: seq. ἐν , Lk 8:27 , al.; παρά , c. dat. pers., Jo 1:40 , al; σύν , Lk 1:56 ; καθ’ ἑαυτόν , Ac 28:16 ; c. adv., ἐκεῖ , Mt 10:11 ; ὧδε , Mt 26:38 ; metaph., I Jo 2:18 ; of the Holy Spirit, Jo 1:32 , 33 14:17 ; of Christ, Jo 6:56 15:4 , al.; ὁ θεός , I Jo 4:15 , conversely, of Christians, Jo 6:56 15:4 , I Jo 4:15 , al.; ὁ λόγος τ. θεοῦ , I Jo 2:14 ; ἡ...

Primary meaning: care, anxiety. Strong's: solicitude. Lexical nuances: care , anxiety : I Pe 5:7 ; pl., Lk 8:14 21:34 ; c. gen. obj., Mt 13:22 , Mk 4:19 , II Co 11:28 .†

Primary meaning: a part, share, portion, lot. Strong's: a division or share (literally or figuratively, in a wide application). Lexical nuances: a part , share , portion : Jo 13:8 , Ac 19:27 (Page, in l.), Re 20:6 22:19 ; hence (cl.), lot , destiny , Mt 24:51 , Lk 12:46 , Re 21:8 .

Primary meaning: to interpose, mediate. Strong's: to interpose (as arbiter), i.e (by implication) to ratify (as surety). Lexical nuances: to interpose , mediate : ὅρκῳ , He 6:17 (MM, ii, iii).†

Primary meaning: an arbitrator, mediator. Strong's: a go-between, i.e. (simply) an internunciator, or (by implication) a reconciler (intercessor). Lexical nuances: an arbitrator , mediator : Ga 3:19 ; c. dupl. gen. pers., θεοῦ κ. ἀνθρώπων , I Ti 2:5 ; c. gen. rei, διαθήκης , He 8:6 9:15 12:24 ; ὁ δε μ. ἑνὸς οὐκ ἔστιν , Ga 3:20 (v. Lft., in l.; and for exx. of this word in π. , v. MM, xvi).†

Primary meaning: Messiah. Strong's: the Messias (i.e. Mashiach), or Christ. Lexical nuances: Messiah : Jo 1:42 4:25 .†

Primary meaning: to change one's mind, purpose, to repent. Strong's: to think differently or afterwards, i.e. reconsider (morally, feel compunction). Lexical nuances: to change one's mind or purpose , hence, to repent ; in NT (exc. Lk 17:3 , 4 ), of repentance from sin, involving amendment: seq. ἀπό , Ac 8:22 ; ἔκ , Re 2:21 , 22 9:20 , 21 16:11 ( מִן שׁוּב ); ἐπί , II Co 12:21 ; absol., Mt 3:2 4:17 11:20 12:41 , Mk 1:15 6:12 , Lk 11:32 13:3 , 5 15:7 , 10 16:30 17:3 , 4 , Ac 2:38 3:19 17:30 26:20 Re 2:5 , 16 , 21 3:3 , 19 ; c. inf., Re 16:9 ; ἐν σάκκῳ κ. σποδ...

Primary meaning: after-thought, change of mind, repentance. Strong's: (subjectively) compunction (for guilt, including reformation); by implication, reversal (of (another's) decision). Lexical nuances: after-thought , change of mind , repentance : He 12:17 ; of repentance from sin, Mt 3:8 , 11 , Lk 3:8 15:7 24:47 , Ac 26:20 , II Co 7:9 , 10 ; βάπτισμα (q.v.) μετανοίας , Mk 1:4 , Lk 3:3 , Ac 13:24 19:4 ; ἡ εἰς θεὸν μ. , Ac 20:21 ; μ. ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων , He 6:1 ; εἰς μ. καλεῖν , Lk 5:32 ; id. ἄγειν , Ro 2:4 ; ἀνακαινίζειν , He 6:6 ; εἰς μ. χωρῆσαι , II Pe 3:9 ; μ. δοῦναι , Ac 5:31 11:18 , II Ti ...

Primary meaning: only, only begotten. Strong's: only-born, i.e. sole. Lexical nuances: only , only begotten ( DCG , ii, 281), of sons and daughters: Lk 7:12 8:42 9:38 , He 11:17 ; of Christ, Jo 3:16 , 18 , I Jo 4:9 ; μ. παρὰ πατρός , Jo 1:14 ; μ. θεός , Jo 1:18 .†

Primary meaning: that which is known to the, a mystery, secret doctrine, secret. Strong's: a secret or "mystery" (through the idea of silence imposed by initiation into religious rites). Lexical nuances: that which is known to the μύστης ( initiated ), a mystery or secret doctrine , mostly in pl., τὰ μ. (Æsch., Hdt., al.).

Primary meaning: Moses. Strong's: Moseus, Moses, or Mouses (i.e. Mosheh), the Hebrew lawgiver. Lexical nuances: Moses : Mt 8:4 17:3 , 4 , al.; νόμος Μωυσέως , Lk 2:22 24:44 , Jo 7:23 , Ac 13:39 15:5 28:23 , I Co 9:9 , He 10:28 ; by meton., of the books of Moses, Lk 16:29 24:27 , Ac 15:21 , II Co 3:15 .

Primary meaning: to perceive, understand, to think, consider. Strong's: to exercise the mind (observe), i.e. (figuratively) to comprehend, heed. Lexical nuances: to perceive with the mind, understand (for the phrase νοῶν κ. φρονῶν , in wills, v. MM, xvii): absol., Mt 16:9 , Mk 8:17 ; c. acc., Eph 3:4 , I Ti 1:7 ; c. dat. instr., τ. καρδίᾳ , Jo 12:40 ; pass., Ro 1:20 ; seq. ὅτι , Mt 15:17 16:11 , Mk 7:18 ; c. acc. et inf., He 11:8 .

Primary meaning: relating to law, learned in the law. Strong's: according (or pertaining) to law, i.e. legal (ceremonially); as noun, an expert in the (Mosaic) law. Lexical nuances: relating to law : μάχαι , Tit 3:9 .

Primary meaning: a teacher of the law. Strong's: an expounder of the (Jewish) law, i.e. a Rabbi. Lexical nuances: a teacher of the law : Lk 5:17 , Ac 5:34 , I Ti 1:7 (NT and eccl. only; cf. νομοδείκτης , -διδάκτης , Plut.).†

Primary meaning: legislation, lawgiving. Strong's: legislation (specially, the institution of the Mosaic code). Lexical nuances: legislation , lawgiving : Ro 9:4 .†

Primary meaning: usage, custom, law. Strong's: law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a principle). Lexical nuances: that which is assigned, hence, usage , custom , then law ; in NT (only in Mt, Jo, Ja, and the Lucan and Pauline bks.); of law in general: Ro 3:27 5:13b ; pl., of divine laws, He 8:10 10:16 ; ὁ ν. τ. Χριστοῦ , Ga 6:2 ; (τ.) ἐλευθερίας , Ja 1:25 2:12 ; βασιλικιός (Hort., in l.; Deiss., LAE , 367 3 ), Ja 2:8 . Of a force or influence impelling to action: Ro 7:21 , 23a , 25 8:2 . Of the Mosaic law:...

Primary meaning: mind, understanding, reason, a mind. Strong's: the intellect, i.e. mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication, meaning. Lexical nuances: prop., of the ruling faculty, mind , understanding , reason (v. Lft., Notes , 88 f.; Vaughan on Ro 7:23 ): Lk 24:45 , Ro 1:28 7:23 12:2 14:5 , Eph 4:17 , 23 , Phl 4:7 , II Th 2:2 , I Ti 6:5 , II Ti 3:8 , Tit 1:15 , Re 13:18 17:9 ; ν. τ. σαρκός ( ICC , in l.), Col 2:18 ; opp. to σάρξ , Ro 7:25 ; to πνεῦμα , I Co 14:14 , 15 ; to γλῶσσα , I Co 14:19 .

Primary meaning: a house, dwelling, at home, the household. Strong's: properly, residence (abstractly), but usually (concretely) an abode (literally or figuratively); by implication, a family (especially domestics). Lexical nuances: a house , dwelling : Mt 2:11 7:24-27 , Mk 1:29 , al.; ἐν οἰκίᾳ (= cl. κατ ̓ οἰκίαν ), at home , Lk 8:27 ; εἰς οἰ. , II Jo 10 ; οἰ , c. gen. pers., usually has the art. ( Mt 8:14 , al., but cf. οἶκος and v. Bl., § 46, 9); ἡ οἰ. τ. πατρός μου , Jo 14:2 . Metaph., of the body as the dwelling of the soul: II Co 5:1 ; of property (as בַּיִת , Ge 45:18 , LXX, τ. ὑπάρχοντα ; III Ki 13:8 , LXX, οἶκος )...

Primary meaning: to build a house, to build, the builders, to build up. Strong's: to be a house-builder, i.e. construct or (figuratively) confirm. Lexical nuances: to build a house , to build : absol., Lk 11:48 14:30 17:28 ; οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες , the builders (as Ps 117 (118):22 , הַבּוֹנִים ), Mt 21:42 , Mk 12:10 , Lk 20:17 , I Pe 2:7 (LXX) ; ἐπ’ ἀλλότριον θεμέλιον οἰ. , proverb., Ro 15:20 ; c. acc. rei, Ga 2:18 ; πύργον , Mt 21:33 , Mk 12:1 , Lk 14:28 ; ἀποθήκας , Lk 12:18 ; ναόν , Mk 14:58 ; pass., Jo 2:20 ; οἰκία , Lk 6:48 ; c. acc. rei seq. dat. pers. (...

Primary meaning: building, building up, edifying, a building. Strong's: architecture, i.e. (concretely) a structure; figuratively, confirmation. Lexical nuances: the act of building ; in NT always metaph., building up , edifying : Ro 14:19 15:2 , I Co 14:26 , II Co 10:8 13:10 , Eph 4:29 ; c. gen. obj., I Co 14:12 , II Co 12:19 , Eph 4:12 , 16 ; λαλεῖν , λαβεῖν , οἰ. , I Co 14:3 .

Primary meaning: to pity, have compassion. Strong's: to exercise pity. Lexical nuances: to pity , have compassion on. c. acc. pers., Ro 9:15 (LXX) .†

Primary meaning: compassion, pity, a heart of compassion. Strong's: pity. Lexical nuances: compassion , pity : σπλάγχνα οἰκτιρμοῦ , a heart of compassion , Col 3:12 ; in pl. (as LXX for Heb. רַחֲמִים ), οἰ. τ. θεοῦ , Ro 12:1 , He 10:28 ; ὁ πατὴρ τῶν οἰ , II Co 1:3 ; σπλάγχνα κ. οἰ. , Phl 2:1 .†

Primary meaning: to speak the same language, to agree with, to agree, confess. Strong's: to assent, i.e. covenant, acknowledge. Lexical nuances: to speak the same language (Hdt.).

Primary meaning: an agreement, assent, compact, confession. Strong's: acknowledgment. Lexical nuances: in cl., an agreement , assent , compact (in π. , of a contract; Deiss., BS , 249).

Primary meaning: impulse, propensity, disposition, anger. Strong's: properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e. (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implication punishment. Lexical nuances: impulse , propensity , disposition .

Primary meaning: religiously right, righteous, pious, Holy. Strong's: and from G40 (ἅγιος), which relates to purity from defilement), i.e. hallowed (pious, sacred, sure). Lexical nuances: religiously right , righteous , pious , Holy : of men, Tit 1:8 , He 7:26 ; by meton., ὁ. χεῖρας , I Ti 2:8 (cf. De 32:4 ); of God, Re 15:4 16:5 ; as subst., ὁ ὅ. , of the Messiah, Ac 2:27 13:35 (LXX); τὰ ὅ. Δανεὶδ τ. πιστά (Field, Notes , 121), Ac 13:34 (LXX) .†

Primary meaning: piety, holiness. Strong's: piety. Lexical nuances: piety , holiness : assoc. with δικαιοσύνη , Lk 1:75 , Eph 4:24 .†

Primary meaning: from heaven. Strong's: from the sky. Lexical nuances: from heaven : Ac 14:17 26:13 .†

Primary meaning: heaven. Strong's: the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of God); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the Gospel (Christianity). Lexical nuances: heaven ; of the vault or firmament of heaven, the sky and the aerial regions above the earth: opp. to ἡ γῆ , He 1:10 , II Pe 3:5 , 10 ; ὁ οὐ. καὶ ἡ γῆ , i.e. the world, the universe, Mt 5:18 , Mk 13:31 , Lk 10:21 , Ac 4:24 , Re 10:6 , al.; ἀπ’ ἄκρων οὐ. ἕως ἄ. αὐτῶν (on the absence of art. aft. prep., v. Bl., § 46, 5), Mt 24:31 ; ὑπὸ τὸν οὐ. , Ac 2:5 , Col 1:23 ; ὑψωθῆναι ἕως τοῦ οὐ. , fig., Mt...

Primary meaning: substance, property. Strong's: substance, i.e. property (possessions). Lexical nuances: substance , property : Lk 15:12 , 13 .†

Primary meaning: a debtor. Strong's: an ower, i.e. person indebted; figuratively, a delinquent; morally, a transgressor (against God). Lexical nuances: a debtor : c. gen. (of the amount), Mt 18:24 . Metaph., of obligation or duty in general, with reference to favours received or injury done, etc.: Mt 6:12 , Ro 1:14 8:12 15:27 , Ga 5:3 ; of sinners, in relation to God (= Heb. חַיָּב ; cf. Si (He) 8:5 ( 6 )), Lk 13:4 .†

Primary meaning: that which is owed, a debt. Strong's: something owed, i.e. (figuratively) a due; morally, a fault. Lexical nuances: that which is owed , a debt : Ro 4:4 ; metaph. (as Aram. חוֺבָא , חוֺב ), of sin as a debt, Mt 6:12 .†

Primary meaning: that which befalls one, a suffering, affliction, a passive emotion. Strong's: something undergone, i.e. hardship or pain; subjectively, an emotion or influence. Lexical nuances: that which befalls one , a suffering , affliction : pl., Ro 8:18 , II Co 1:6 , 7 , Col 1:24 , II Ti 3:11 , He 2:10 10:32 , I Pe 5:9 ; of Christ's sufferings: τὰ εἰς Χ. , I Pe 1:11 ; τ. Χριστσῦ , I Pe 5:1 ; id. as shared by Christians, II Co 1:5 , Phl 3:10 , I Pe 4:13 .

Primary meaning: new birth, renewal, restoration, regeneration. Strong's: (spiritual) rebirth (the state or the act), i.e. (figuratively) spiritual renovation; specially, Messianic restoration. Lexical nuances: new birth , renewal , restoration , regeneration ; of persons (Plut., Phil., al.), of spiritual regeneration, διὰ λουτροῦ παλινγενεστίας (gen. attr., v. Ellic., in l.), Tit 3:5 ; of the world, as in Stoics, Jewish Apocal., al. (v. Dalman, Words , 177 ff.), Mt 19:28 .†

Primary meaning: almighty. Strong's: the all-ruling, i.e. God (as absolute and universal sovereign). Lexical nuances: almighty : II Co 6:18 , Re 1:8 4:8 11:17 15:3 16:7 , 14 19:6 , 15 21:22 .†

Primary meaning: a going aside, a deviation, an overstepping, transgression. Strong's: violation. Lexical nuances: a going aside , a deviation (Arist.).

Primary meaning: one who stands beside, the warrior who stands by the charioteer, a transgressor. Strong's: a violator. Lexical nuances: one who stands beside , the warrior who stands by the charioteer (cf. παραβαίνω , 1).

Primary meaning: to give, hand over, to commit, commend. Strong's: to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit. Lexical nuances: to give or hand over to another: c. acc. et dat., Mt 11:27 25:14 , Lk 4:6 , al.; of being delivered up to a course of teaching, pass. seq. εἰς , Ro 6:17 . to commit , commend : Ac 14:26 15:40 , I Pe 2:23 . to give or deliver up to prison or judgment: c. acc. pers., Mt 4:12 , Mk 1:14 , Ro 4:25 , II Pe 2:4 ; id. seq. ὑπέρ , Ro 8:32 ; c. dat., Mt 5:25 , Mk 15:1 , Lk 12:58 , Jo 19:11 , al.; id. seq...

Primary meaning: a handing down, over, transfer, transmission. Strong's: transmission, i.e. (concretely) a precept; specially, the Jewish traditionary law. Lexical nuances: a handing down or over , transfer , transmission (Arist., Polyb., al., LXX).

Primary meaning: to call to, call for, summon, to invoke. Strong's: to call near, i.e. invite, invoke (by imploration, hortation or consolation). Lexical nuances: to call to one, call for , summon : Ac 28:20 (R, mg.; R, txt., entreat ); hence (of the gods: Dem., Xen., al.), to invoke , call on , beseech , entreat : τ. πατέρα μου , Mt 26:53 ; τ. κύριον , II Co 12:8 ; in late writers (Polyb., Diod., al.; rarely in LXX; in π. , v. Deiss., LAE , 176 14 ), also of men: absol., Phm 9 ; c. acc., Mt 8:5 , Mk 1:40 , Ac 16:9 , al.; c. inf., Mk 5:17 , Lk 8:41 , Ac ...

Primary meaning: a calling to one's aid, summons, appeal, entreaty. Strong's: imploration, hortation, solace. Lexical nuances: a calling to one's aid , summons (Thus.), hence, appeal , entreaty (Strab., Plut., al., I Mac 10:24 ; cf. Lft., Notes , 20): II Co 8:4 .

Primary meaning: called to one's aid, an advocate, pleader, intercessor. Strong's: an intercessor, consoler. Lexical nuances: called to one's aid in a judicial cause (Dion. Cass.); hence, most freq. as subst., ὁ π. , an advocate , pleader , intercessor (Dem., al.; so in Rabbinic lit., פְּרַקְלִיטָא ), "a friend of the accused person, called to speak to his character, or otherwise enlist sympathy in his favour" (Field, Notes , 102). In NT, specif., ὁ π. , of Christ, I Jo 2:1 (v. ICC , Jo. Epp. , 23 ff.); of the Holy Sp...

Primary meaning: a false step, a blunder, a misdeed, trespass. Strong's: a side-slip (lapse or deviation), i.e. (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression. Lexical nuances: a false step , a blunder (Polyb.).

Primary meaning: a being present, presence, a coming, arrival. Strong's: a being near, i.e. advent (often, return; specially, of Christ to punish Jerusalem, or finally the wicked); (by implication) physically, aspect. Lexical nuances: usually in cl., a being present , presence : I Co 16:17 , II Co 10:10 ; opp. to ἀπουσία , Phl 2:12 (cf. II Mac 15:21 ).

Primary meaning: freedom of speech, plainness, openness, freedom. Strong's: all out-spokenness, i.e. frankness, bluntness, publicity; by implication, assurance. Lexical nuances: freedom of speech , plainness , openness , freedom in speaking (Eur., Plat., al.): Ac 4:13 , II Co 3:12 ; παρρησίᾳ , adverbially, freely , openly , plainly , Mk 8:32 , Jo 7:13 , 26 10:24 11:14 16:29 18:20 ; opp. to ἐν παροιμίαις , Jo 16:25 ; ἐν π. , Eph 6:19 ; μετὰ π. , Ac 2:29 4:29 , 31 28:31 .

Primary meaning: to suffer, be acted on. Strong's: to experience a sensation or impression (usually painful). Lexical nuances: to suffer , be acted on , as opp. to acting, often limited by a word expressive of good or evil; of misfortunes (most freq. without any limiting word): absol., Lk 22:15 24:46 , Ac 1:3 3:18 17:3 , I Co 12:26 , He 2:18 9:26 13:12 , I Pe 2:19 , 20 , 23 3:17 4:15 , 19 ; seq. ὑπό , c. gen., Mt 17:12 ; ὑπέρ , Ac 9:16 , Phl 1:20 , II Th 1:5 , I Pe 2:21 ; c. dat. ref., I Pe 4:1 ; περί , c. gen. (seq. ὑ...

Primary meaning: a father. Strong's: a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote). Lexical nuances: a father ; prop., of the male parent: Mt 2:22 , Lk 1:17 , Jo 4:53 ; anarth., He 12:7 (M, Pr. , 82 f.); pl., of both parents (cl.), He 11:23 ; οἱ π. τ. σαρκός , He 12:9 ; of a forefather or ancestor (in cl. usually in pl.; Hom., al.): Mt 3:9 , Lk 1:73 , Jo 8:39 , al.; pl., Mt 23:30 , 32 , Lk 6:23 , 26 , Jo 4:20 , I Co 10:1 , al. Metaph., of an author, originator, or archetype (= αἴτιος , ἀρχηγός...

Primary meaning: to be over and above, to be, remain over, to abound. Strong's: to superabound (in quantity or quality), be in excess, be superfluous; also (transitively) to cause to superabound or excel. Lexical nuances: Prop., intrans., of things, to be over and above the number (Hes.), hence, to be or remain over : Mt 14:20 15:37 , Lk 9:17 , Jo 6:12 , 13 ; to abound , be in abundance : Mk 12:44 , Lk 12:15 21:4 , Ac 16:5 , Ro 3:7 5:15 , II Co 1:5 8:2 9:12 , Phl 1:26 . Of persons, to abound in , have in abundance : I Co 14:12 15:58 , Phl 4:12 , 18 ; c. gen., Lk 15:17 T; to be superior or better , to excel : abs...

Primary meaning: to cut around, to circumcise, to be circumcised, receive circumcision. Strong's: to cut around, i.e. (specially) to circumcise. Lexical nuances: to cut around (Hdt.), hence, to circumcise ( π. τὰ αἰδοῖα , Hdt.): Lk 1:59 2:21 , Jo 7:22 , Ac 7:8 15:5 16:3 21:21 . Pass. and mid., to be circumcised , receive circumcision : Ac 15:1 , I Co 7:18 , Ga 2:3 5:2 , 3 6:12 , 13 . Metaph. (cf. De 10:16 , Je 4:4 , al.), Col 2:11 (v. Deiss., BS , 151 f.; MM, xix).†

Primary meaning: circumcision, the circumcised. Strong's: circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: circumcision ; of the rite itself: Jo 7:22 , 23 , Ac 7:8 , Ro 4:11 , Ga 5:11 , Phl 3:5 ; of the state of circumcision: Ro 2:25-28 3:1 , I Co 7:19 , Ga 5:6 6:15 , Col 3:11 ; ἐν π. ὤν , Ro 4:10 ; by meton., ἡ π. = οἱ περιτμηθέντες , the circumcised : Ro 3:30 4:9 , 12 15:8 , Ga 2:7-9 , Eph 2:11 ; οἱ ἐκ τῆς π. , of Jews, Ro 4:12 ; of Jewish Christians, Ac 11:2 , Ga 2:12 , Tit 1:10 ; οἱ ἐκ π. πιστοί...

Primary meaning: to have faith, to believe, to believe in, on. Strong's: to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e. credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to Christ). Lexical nuances: intrans., to have faith (in), to believe ; in cl., c. acc., dat., in NT also c. prep. (on the significance of the various constructions, v. M, Pr. , 67 f.; Vau. on Ro 4:5 ; Ellic. on I Ti 1:16 ; Abbott, JV , 19-80): absol., Mt 24:23 , 26 , Mk 13:21 , I Co 11:18 ; c. acc. rei, Ac 13:41 , I Co 13:7 ; c. dat. pers. (to believe what one says), Mk 16:[13 , 14] , I Jo 4:1 ; τ. ψεύδει , II Th 2:11 ; π...

Primary meaning: faith, belief, trust, confidence. Strong's: persuasion, i.e. credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of God or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon Christ for salvation; abstractly, constancy in such profession; by extension, the system of religious (Gospel) truth itself. Lexical nuances: in active sense, faith , belief , trust , confidence , in NT always of religious faith in God or Christ or spiritual things: Mt 8:10 , Lk 5:20 , Ac 14:9 , Ro 1:8 , I Co 2:5 , II Co 1:24 , I Ti 1:5 , al.; c. gen. obj., Mk 11:22 , Ac 3:16 , Ro 3:22 , Ga 2:16 , Eph 3:12 , Ja 2:1 , al.; c. prep., ἐν , Ro 3:25 , Ga 3:26 , Eph 1:15 , Col 1:24 , I Ti 1:14 3:13 , II Ti 1:13 3:15 , II Pe 1:1 ; εἰς , Ac ...

Primary meaning: to be trusted, believed, trusty, faithful. Strong's: objectively, trustworthy; subjectively, trustful. Lexical nuances: Pass., to be trusted or believed ; of persons, trusty , faithful : Mt 24:45 25:21 , 23 , Lk 12:42 , Ac 16:15 , I Co 4:2 , 17 7:25 , Eph 1:1 6:21 , Col 1:2 , 7 4:7 , 9 , I Ti 1:12 , II Ti 2:2 , He 2:17 3:2 , 5 , I Pe 5:12 , Re 2:13 19:11 ; of God, I Co 1:9 10:13 , II Co 1:18 , I Th 5:24 , II Th 3:3 , He 10:23 11:11 , II Ti 2:13 , I Jo 1:9 , I Pe 4:19 ; seq. ἐν , Lk 16:10-12 19:17 , I Ti 3:11 ; ἐ...

Primary meaning: to "fill" (literally or figuratively (imbue, influence, supply)); specially, to fulfil (time). Strong's: to "fill" (literally or figuratively (imbue, influence, supply)); specially, to fulfil (time).

Primary meaning: to fill, make full, fill to the full, to fill. Strong's: to make replete, i.e. (literally) to cram (a net), level up (a hollow), or (figuratively) to furnish (or imbue, diffuse, influence), satisfy, execute (an office), finish (a period or task), verify (or coincide with a prediction), etc.. Lexical nuances: to fill , make full , fill to the full , c. acc.; of things: pass. ( σαψήνη , φάραγξ ), Mt 13:48 , Lk 3:5 (LXX) ; fig., Mt 23:32 ; but chiefly of immaterial things: πᾶσαν χρείαν , Phl 4:19 ; ἦχος ἐπλήρωσε τ. οἶκον , Ac 2:2 ; c. gen. rei (cl.), Ac 5:28 ; pass., seq. ἐκ , Jo 12:3 (cf. B1., § 36, 4); π. τ. καρδίαν , Jo 16:6 , Ac 5:3 ; metaph., of the all-pervading activity of Christ, Eph 4:10 ; mi...

Primary meaning: that which has been completed, complement, plenitude, fullness. Strong's: repletion or completion, i.e. (subjectively) what fills (as contents, supplement, copiousness, multitude), or (objectively) what is filled (as container, performance, period). Lexical nuances: the result of the action involved in πληρόω (Lft., Col. , 255 ff.; AR, Eph. , 255 ff.), hence, in passive sense, that which has been completed , complement , plenitude , fullness (in Xen., Luc., Polyb., al., of a ship's crew or cargo, and by meton. of the ship itself): Jo 1:16 , Ro 11:12 , 25 15:29 , I Co 10:26 (LXX) , Eph 1:23 (AR, 42 ff.) 3:19 (AR. 87 ff.) 4:13 , Col 1:19 2:9 ; of time, Ga 4:...

Primary meaning: wind, breath, the spirit, in spirit. Strong's: a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit. Lexical nuances: of air in motion; wind : Jo 3:8 ; pl., He 1:7 (LXX) ; breath : π. ζωῆς , Re 11:11 ; π. τοῦ στόματος , fig., II Th 2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33):6 ).

Primary meaning: of, caused by the wind, air, breath. Strong's: non-carnal, i.e. (humanly) ethereal (as opposed to gross), or (dæmoniacally) a spirit (concretely), or (divinely) supernatural, regenerate, religious. Lexical nuances: of or caused by the wind , air or breath (Arist., al.).

Primary meaning: to act as shepherd, tend, to tend, shepherd. Strong's: to tend as a shepherd of (figuratively, superviser). Lexical nuances: to act as shepherd , tend flocks: Lk 17:7 ; c. acc., ποίμνην , I Co 9:7 . Metaph., to tend , shepherd , govern : c. acc., Mt 2:6 (LXX) , Jo 21:16 , Ac 20:28 , I Pe 5:2 , Ju 12 , Re 2:27 7:17 12:5 19:15 .†

Primary meaning: a shepherd. Strong's: a shepherd (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a shepherd : Mt 9:36 25:32 26:31 (LXX) , Mk 6:34 14:27 , Lk 2:8 , 15 , 18 , 20 , Jo 10:2 , 12 . Metaph., of Christ; Jo 10:11 , 14 , 16 , He 13:20 , I Pe 2:25 ; of Christian pastors, Eph 4:11 (cf. Hom., Il. , i, 263, ποιμένα λαῶν ).†

Primary meaning: a flock. Strong's: a flock (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a flock , prop., of sheep: Mt 26:31 , Lk 2:8 , I Co 9:7 . Metaph., of Christ's followers, Jo 10:16 .†

Primary meaning: a flock. Strong's: a flock, i.e. (figuratively) group (of believers). Lexical nuances: a flock , prop., of sheep. Metaph., of Christians: Lk 12:32 , Ac 20:28 , 29 , I Pe 5:3 ; τ. θεοῦ , I Pe 5:2 .†

Primary meaning: iniquity, wickedness. Strong's: depravity, i.e. (specially), malice; plural (concretely) plots, sins. Lexical nuances: iniquity , wickedness : Mt 22:18 , Lk 11:39 , Ro 1:29 , Eph 6:12 ; pl. (v. Bl., § 32, 6; WM, 220; Swete, Mk. , 153), Mk 7:22 , Ac 3:26 ; κακία καὶ π. , I Co 5:8 .†

Primary meaning: oppressed by toils, toilsome, painful, bad. Strong's: hurtful, i.e. evil (properly, in effect or influence, and thus differing from G2556 (κακός), which refers rather to essential character, as well as from G4550 (σαπρός), which indicates degeneracy from original virtue); figuratively, calamitous; also (passively) ill, i.e. diseased; but especially (morally) culpable, i.e. derelict, vicious, facinorous; neuter (singular) mischief, malice, or (plural) guilt; masculine (singular) the devil, or (plural) sinners. Lexical nuances: of persons, oppressed by toils (Hes.); of things, toilsome , painful ( καιρός , Si 51:12 ): Eph 5:16 6:13 , Re 16:2 .

Primary meaning: gentle, meek. Strong's: mild, i.e. (by implication) humble. Lexical nuances: gentle , meek : Mt 5:5 11:29 21:5 (LXX) , I Pe 3:4 .†

Primary meaning: gentleness, meekness. Strong's: mildness, i.e. (by implication) humility. Lexical nuances: gentleness , meekness : I Co 4:21 , II Co 10:1 , Ga 5:23 6:1 , Eph 4:2 , Col 3:12 (v. Lft., in l.), II Ti 2:25 , Tit 3:2 , Ja 1:21 3:13 , I Pe 3:15 .†

Primary meaning: an old man, elder. Strong's: older; as noun, a senior; specially, an Israelite Sanhedrist (also figuratively, member of the celestial council) or Christian "presbyter". Lexical nuances: an old man . Compar., πρεσβύτερος , -α , -ον , [in LXX chiefly for זָקֵן ;] of age, elder : ὁ νἱὸς ὁ π. , Lk 15:25 ; as subst., opp. to νεανίσκοι , Ac 2:17 ; to νεώτερος , I Ti 5:1 , 2 ; of the religious leaders of the past, Mt 15:2 , Mk 7:3 , 5 , He 11:2 (= οἱ πατέρες , He 1:1 ). Of dignity, rank or office (as found in π. and Inscr. of civil and religious offices, including priesthood, in Asia...

Primary meaning: a setting forth, a purpose. Strong's: a setting forth, i.e. (figuratively) proposal (intention); specially, the show-bread (in the Temple) as exposed before God. Lexical nuances: a setting forth (Plat., Plut., al.): οἱ ἄρτοι τῆς π. (cf. LXX, Ex 40:4 , 23 , I Ch 9:32 , II Ch 4:19 , I Mac 1:22 , II Mac 3:8 , elsewhere ἄρτοι ἐνώπιοι , Ex 25:29 ; οἱ ἄ. τοῦ προσώπου , Ne 10:33 ), Mt 12:4 , Mk 2:26 , Lk 6:4 ; ἡ π. τῶν ἄρτων , He 9:2 .

Primary meaning: to predetermine, foreordain. Strong's: to limit in advance, i.e. (figuratively) predetermine. Lexical nuances: to predetermine , foreordain : c. acc., Ro 8:30 ; id. et inf., Ac 4:28 ; id. seq. εἰς , I Co 2:7 , Eph 1:5 ; c. dupl. acc., Ro 8:26 ; pass., Eph 1:11 .†

Primary meaning: prayer, prayer to God, a place of prayer. Strong's: prayer (worship); by implication, an oratory (chapel). Lexical nuances: prayer to God: Mt 17:21 (WH, R, txt., om.) 21:22 , Mk 9:29 , Lk 22:45 , Ac 3:1 6:4 10:31 , Ro 12:12 , I Co 7:5 , Col 4:2 ; pl., Ac 2:42 10:4 , Ro 1:10 , Eph 1:16 , Col 4:12 , I Th 1:2 , Phm 4 , 22 , I Pe 3:7 4:7 , Re 5:8 8:3 , 4 ; οἶκος προσευχῆς , Mt 21:13 , Mk 11:17 , Lk 19:46 (LXX); π. καὶ δέησις , Eph 6:18 , Phl 4:6 ; pl., I Ti 2:1 5:5 ; ἡ π. τοῦ θεοῦ , prayer to God (cf. Wi 16:28 ), Lk 6:1...

Primary meaning: to pray. Strong's: to pray to God, i.e. supplicate, worship. Lexical nuances: to pray (always of prayer to God, or in cl., to gods): absol., Mt 6:5-7 , 9 14:23 19:13 26:36 , 39 , 41 , 44 , Mk 1:35 6:46 11:24 , 25 13:33 (WH, R, txt., om.) Mk 14:32 , 38 , 39 , Lk 1:10 3:21 5:16 6:12 9:18 , 28 , 29 11:1 , 2 18:1 , 10 22:44 (WH, R, mg., om.), Ac 1:24 6:6 9:11 , 40 10:9 , 30 11:5 12:12 13:3 14:23 16:25 20:36 21:5 22:17 28:8 , I Co 11:4 , 5 14:14 , I Th 5:17 , I Ti 2:8 , Ja 5:...

Primary meaning: to make obeisance, do reverence to, worship. Strong's: to fawn or crouch to, i.e. (literally or figuratively) prostrate oneself in homage (do reverence to, adore). Lexical nuances: to make obeisance , do reverence to , worship ; prop. (as in cl., of the gods: Hdt., Æsch., Plat., al.), of God, Christ and supra-mundane beings: absol., Jo 4:20 12:20 , Ac 8:27 24:11 , He 11:21 (Westc., in l.), Re 11:1 ; πίπτειν καὶ π. , Re 5:14 ; c. dat. (of the significance of this constr. as compared with the usual cl., c. acc., v. Abbott, JG , 78 f.; JV , 133 ff.), Jo 4:21 , 23 , Ac 7:43 ,...

Primary meaning: a bringing to, offering, a present, an offering. Strong's: presentation; concretely, an oblation (bloodless) or sacrifice. Lexical nuances: a bringing to , offering (Plat., al.).

Primary meaning: first-born. Strong's: first-born (usually as noun, literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: first-born : Lk 2:7 ; pl., He 11:28 . Metaph., of the priority of Christ (originally perh. a Messianic title, cf. Ps 88 (89):28 , He 1:6 ; v. ICC on Col 1:15 ): He 1:6 ; π. πάσης κτίσεως , Col 1:15 ; ἐν πολλοῖς ἀδελφοῖς , Ro 8:29 ; π. ( ἐκ ) τ. νεκρῶν , Col 1:18 , Re 1:5 ; pl., of the elect, ἐκκλησία πρωτοτόκων , He 12:23 .†

Primary meaning: to keep the sabbath,, a keeping sabbath, a sabbath rest. Strong's: a "sabbatism", i.e. (figuratively) the repose of Christianity (as a type of heaven). Lexical nuances: a keeping sabbath, a sabbath rest : metaph., as in Mishna (Zorell, s.v.), He 4:9 .†

Primary meaning: the seventh day, the sabbath, seven days, a week. Strong's: the Sabbath (i.e. Shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight, i.e. the interval between two Sabbaths; likewise the plural in all the above applications. Lexical nuances: the seventh day of the week, the sabbath

Primary meaning: flesh. Strong's: flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e. (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or as the symbol of what is external, or as the means of kindred), or (by implication) human nature (with its frailties (physically or morally) and passions), or (specially), a human being (as such). Lexical nuances: flesh ; as in cl. generally, prop., of the soft substance of the animal body: I Co 15:39 , II Co 12:7 , Ga 6:13 , al.; σ. καὶ αἷμα , I Co 5:50 ; σ. καὶ ὀστέα , Lk 24:39 ; pl., of the flesh of many or parts of the flesh of one (cl.), Re 17:16 19:18 ; φαγεῖν , Re, ll. c. (cf. κατεσθίειν , IV Ki 9:36 , al., and βιβρώσκειν , freq. in l.); metaph., Ja 5:3 ; mystically, φ. (τρώγειν) τὴν σ. τοῦ υἱοῦ τ...

Primary meaning: Satan, the adversary. Strong's: the accuser, i.e. the devil. Lexical nuances: Satan (i.e. the adversary , as in LXX, ll. c.): Mt 4:10 12:26 , Mk 1:13 3:23 , 26 4:15 , Lk 10:18 11:18 13:16 22:3 , 31 , Jo 13:27 , Ac 5:3 26:18 , Ro 16:20 , I Co 5:5 7:5 , II Co 2:11 11:14 , I Th 2:18 , II Th 2:9 , I Ti 1:20 5:15 , Re 2:9 , 13 , 24 3:9 12:9 20:2 , 7 ; addressed in person of Peter, Mt 16:23 Mk 8:33 ; ἄγγελος Σατανᾶ , II Co 12:7 .†

Primary meaning: to worship, devout. Strong's: to revere, i.e. adore. Lexical nuances: to worship : c. acc. pers., Mt 15:9 , Mk 7:7 , Ac 18:13 19:27 ; σεβόμενος τ. θεόν , Ac 16:14 18:7 ; σεβόμενοι ( σ. προσήλυτοι, σ. Ἕλληνες ), devout , Ac 13:43 , 50 17:4 , 17 (cf. προσήλυτος ).†

Primary meaning: to put a snare, stumbling-block, to cause to stumble, to be made to stumble, to stumble. Strong's: to entrap, i.e. trip up (figuratively, stumble (transitively) or entice to sin, apostasy or displeasure). Lexical nuances: prop., to put a snare or stumbling-block in the way; in NT always metaph. of that which hinders right conduct or thought, to cause to stumble : c. acc. pers., Mt 5:29, 30 17:27 18:6 , 8, 9 Mk 9:42, 43 , 45 , 47 Lk 17:2 , Jo 6:61 , I Co 8:13 . Pass., to be made to stumble, to stumble : Mt 11:6 13:21 , 57 15:12 24:10 26:31 , 33 , Mk 4:17 6:3 14:27 , 29 , Lk 7:23 , Jo 16:1 , Ro 14:21 (WH, R, txt.,...

Primary meaning: bait-stick, a snare, stumbling-block. Strong's: a trap-stick (bent sapling), i.e. snare (figuratively, cause of displeasure or sin). Lexical nuances: prop., the bait-stick of a trap, a snare, stumbling-block ( Le 19:14 , Jth 5:1 ): fig., Ro 9:33 , I Pe 2:8 ( Is 8:14 ; aliter in LXX; στερεὸν σκανδάλου in Aq.). Metaph., of that which causes error or sin;

Primary meaning: a tent, booth, tabernacle. Strong's: a tent or cloth hut (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a tent, booth, tabernacle : Mt 17:4 , Mk 9:5 , Lk 9:33 , He 11:9 ; αἱ αἰώνιοι σ. , Lk 16:9 ; of the Mosaic tabernacle, He 8:5 9:2, 3 , 6 , 8 , 21 ; σ. τ. μαρτυρίου , Ac 7:44 ; of its heavenly prototype, He 8:2 9:11 , Re 13:6 15:5 21:3 ; of the temple, He 13:10 ; ἡ σ. τοῦ Μολόχ , Ac 7:43 (LXX) ; metaph., ἡ σ. Δαυείδ Ac 15:16 (LXX) .†

Primary meaning: shadow, shade, a shadow. Strong's: "shade" or a shadow (literally or figuratively (darkness of error or an adumbration)). Lexical nuances: shadow, shade , caused by interception of light: Mk 4:32 , Ac 5:15 ; metaph., σ. θανάτου , of ignorance and error, Mt 4:16 , Lk 1:79 (LXX) .

Primary meaning: dark. Strong's: opaque, i.e. (figuratively) benighted. Lexical nuances: dark : opp. to φωτεινός , Mt 6:23 , Lk 11:34 , 36 .†

Primary meaning: darkness. Strong's: dimness, obscurity (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: in late writers = σκότος ,

Primary meaning: darkness. Strong's: shadiness, i.e. obscurity (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: darkness : He 12:18 , Rec.†

Primary meaning: skill, intelligence, wisdom, intelligence, prudence, wisdom. Strong's: wisdom (higher or lower, worldly or spiritual). Lexical nuances: skill, intelligence, wisdom , ranging from knowledge of the arts and matters of daily life to mental excellence in its highest and fullest sense;

Primary meaning: skilled, clever, wise. Strong's: wise (in a most general application). Lexical nuances: skilled, clever, wise , whether in handicraft, the affairs of life, the sciences or learning: Ro 16:19 , I Co 3:10 ; of the learned, Ro 1:14 , 22 , I Co 1:19, 20 , 26, 27 3:18-20 ; of Jewish teachers, Mt 11:25 , Lk 10:21 ; Christian, Mt 23:34 ; of those en­dowed with practical wisdom, I Co 6:5 , Eph 5:15 , Ja 3:13 ; of God, Ro 16:27 ; compar., τ. μωρὸν τ. θεοῦ σοφώτερον , I Co 1:25 .†

Primary meaning: to make haste, to be zealous, eager, to give diligence. Strong's: to use speed, i.e. to make effort, be prompt or earnest. Lexical nuances: to make haste ; hence, to be zealous or eager, to give diligence : c. inf. (v. M, Pr. , 205 f.), Ga 2:10 , Eph 4:3 , I Th 2:17 , II Ti 2:15 4:9 , 21 , Tit 3:12 , He 4:11 , II Pe 1:10 3:14 ; c. acc. et inf. (on this construction v. Mayor in l.; MM, xxiii), II Pe 1:15 (for other constructions v. LS, s.v.).†

Primary meaning: haste, speed, zeal, diligence, earnestness. Strong's: "speed", i.e. (by implication) despatch, eagerness, earnestness. Lexical nuances: haste, speed : μετὰ σ. ( Wi 19:2 ), Mk 6:25 , Lk 1:39 .

Primary meaning: pale, stake, the Cross. Strong's: a stake or post (as set upright), i.e. (specially), a pole or cross (as an instrument of capital punishment); figuratively, exposure to death, i.e. self-denial; by implication, the atonement of Christ. Lexical nuances: an upright pale or stake (Hom., Hdt., Thuc., al.)

Primary meaning: to fence with pales, impalisade, to crucify. Strong's: to impale on the cross; figuratively, to extinguish (subdue) passion or selfishness. Lexical nuances: to fence with pales, impalisade (Thuc.).

Primary meaning: to encircle, that which surrounds or encompasses, a crown. Strong's: a chaplet (as a badge of royalty, a prize in the public games or a symbol of honor generally; but more conspicuous and elaborate than the simple fillet, G1238 (διάδημα)), literally or figuratively. Lexical nuances: that which surrounds or encompasses (as a wall, a crowd: Hom., al.).

Primary meaning: to gather or bring together, having sold off all, to be gathered, come together. Strong's: to lead together, i.e. collect or convene; specially, to entertain (hospitably). Lexical nuances: to gather or bring together : of things, Jo 6:12, 13 ; seq. εἰς , Mt 3:12 , al.; ἐκεῖ , Lk 12:18 ; ποῦ , Lk 12:17 ; συναγαγὼν πάντα (sc. εἰς ἀργύριον ; v. Field, Notes , 68, MM, xxiv), having sold off all : Lk 15:13 ; of persons, Jo 11:52 ; esp. of assemblies, Mt 2:4 , Jo 11:47 , Ac 14:27 , al. Pass., to be gathered or come together : Mt 22:41 , Mk 2:2 , Lk 22:66 , al.; seq. ἐπί Mk 5:21 , Ac 4:...

Primary meaning: a bringing together, a gathering in, a collection, a collecting, assembling. Strong's: an assemblage of persons; specially, a Jewish "synagogue" (the meeting or the place); by analogy, a Christian church. Lexical nuances: prop., a bringing together ;

Primary meaning: consciousness, conscience. Strong's: co-perception, i.e. moral consciousness. Lexical nuances: consciousness : c. gen. obj., He 10:2 , I Pe 2:19 .

Primary meaning: a running or flowing together, understanding, the understanding, the mind or intelligence. Strong's: a mental putting together, i.e. intelligence or (concretely) the intellect. Lexical nuances: a running or flowing together (Hom.).

Primary meaning: to bring or set together, to perceive, understand, a man of understanding. Strong's: to put together, i.e. (mentally) to comprehend; by implication, to act piously. Lexical nuances: to bring or set together .

Primary meaning: a joint payment or contribution, joint action, consummation, completion. Strong's: entire completion, i.e. consummation (of a dispensation). Lexical nuances: in cl., a joint payment or contribution for public service; hence, generally, joint action (Plat.).

Primary meaning: to seal, to hide. Strong's: to stamp (with a signet or private mark) for security or preservation (literally or figuratively); by implication, to keep secret, to attest. Lexical nuances: to seal ,

Primary meaning: to save. Strong's: to save, i.e. deliver or protect (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: to save from peril, injury or suffering: Mt 8:25 , Mk 13:20 , Lk 23:35 , al.; τ. ψυχήν , Mt 16:25 , al.; seq. ἐκ , Jo 12:27 , He 5:7 , Ju 5 ; of healing, restoring to health: Mt 9:22 , Mk 5:34 , al. In NT, esp. of salvation from spiritual disease and death, in which sense it is "spoken of in Scripture as either (1) past, (2) present, or (3) future, according as redemption, grace, or glory is th...

Primary meaning: a body, a person, a slave. Strong's: the body (as a sound whole), used in a very wide application, literally or figuratively. Lexical nuances: a body . Prop., of the human body, as always in Hom. (opp. to δέμας ), of the dead body: Mt 27:58 , 59 Mk 15:43 , al.; of the living body: Lk 11:34 , I Co 6:13 , al.; ἐν σ. εἶναι , He 13:3 ; as the instrument of the soul, τὰ διὰ τοῦ σ. , II Co 5:10 ; opp. to πνεῦμα , Ro 8:10 , I Co 5:3 7:4 , Ja 2:26 ; to ψυχή , Mt 6:25 10:28 , Lk 12:22 (cf. Wi 1:4 , al.); to τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ. , I Th 5:23 ; σ. ψυχι...

Primary meaning: saviour, deliverer, preserver. Strong's: a deliverer, i.e. God or Christ. Lexical nuances: saviour, deliverer, preserver , a freq. epithet of kings in the Ptolemaic and Rom. periods (Deiss., BS , 83; LAE , 368 f.; MM, xxiv), in NT,

Primary meaning: deliverance, preservation, salvation, safety. Strong's: rescue or safety (physically or morally). Lexical nuances: deliverance, preservation, salvation, safety (Lat. salus ): Ac 7:25 27:34 , He 11:7 ; ἐξ ἐχθρῶν , Lk 1:71 . In NT esp. of Messianic and spiritual salvation (v.s. σώζω ): Lk 19:9 , Jo 4:22 , Ac 4:12 13:47 , Ro 11:11 , II Th 2:13 , II Ti 3:15 , He 2:3 6:9 , II Pe 3:15 , Ju 3 ; opp. to ἀπηώλεια , Phl 1:28 ; αἰώνιος-. , He 5:9 ; ὁ λόγος ( τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ) τῆς σ. , Ac 13:26 , Eph 1:13 ; ὁδὸς σωτηρίας...

Primary meaning: to be of sound mind or in one's right mind, to be temperate, discreet, self-controlled. Strong's: to be of sound mind, i.e. sane, (figuratively) moderate. Lexical nuances: to be of sound mind or in one's right mind : Mk 5:15 , Lk 8:35 ; opp. to ἐκστῆναι , II Co 5:13 (Hdt.);

Primary meaning: soundness of mind, good sense, sanity, self-control, sobriety. Strong's: soundness of mind, i.e. (literally) sanity or (figuratively) self-control. Lexical nuances: soundness of mind, good sense, sanity (opp. to μανία , Xen.): Ac 26:25 ;

Primary meaning: of sound mind, sane, sensible, self-controlled, sober-minded. Strong's: safe (sound) in mind, i.e. self-controlled (moderate as to opinion or passion). Lexical nuances: of sound mind, sane, sensible ;

Primary meaning: lowly, of low degree, brought low, lowly in spirit, humble. Strong's: depressed, i.e. (figuratively) humiliated (in circumstances or disposition). Lexical nuances: low-lying; metaph.,

Primary meaning: lowliness of mind, humility. Strong's: humiliation of mind, i.e. modesty. Lexical nuances: lowliness of mind, humility : Ac 20:19 , Eph 4:2 , Phl 2:3 , Col 3:12 , I Pe 5:5 ; of a false humility, Col 2:18 , 23 (rare outside of NT, but found in bad sense in FlJ, BJ, iv, 9, 2; also in Epictet., v. Tr., Syn. , § xlii).†

Primary meaning: to make low, to humble, abase. Strong's: to depress; figuratively, to humiliate (in condition or heart). Lexical nuances: to make low : ὄρος ( βουνόν ), Lk 3:5 (LXX) . Metaph., to humble, abase : Mt 18:4 23:12 , Lk 14:11 18:14 , II Co 11:7 12:21 , Phl 2:8 ; pass., Mt 23:12 , Lk 14:11 18:14 , Phl 4:12 ; id. with mid. sense, Ja 4:10 , I Pe 5:6 .†

Primary meaning: to cast into hell. Strong's: to incarcerate in eternal torment. Lexical nuances: to cast into hell : II Pe 2:4 (v. Mayor, in l.).†

Primary meaning: having reached its end, finished, mature, complete, perfect, full-grown, mature, complete, perfect, complete, perfect. Strong's: complete (in various applications of labor, growth, mental and moral character, etc.); neuter (as noun, with G3588 (ὁ)) completeness. Lexical nuances: having reached its end, finished, mature, complete, perfect ;

Primary meaning: bring to an end, finish, accomplish, fulfil, to bring to maturity, completeness, to complete, perfect. Strong's: to complete, i.e. (literally) accomplish, or (figuratively) consummate (in character). Lexical nuances: bring to an end, finish, accomplish, fulfil : Jo 4:34 , Ac 20:24 ; of time, Lk 2:43 , Jo 5:36 17:4 ; pass., ἡ γραφή , Jo 19:28 .

Primary meaning: a consummator, finisher. Strong's: a completer, i.e. consummater. Lexical nuances: a consummator, finisher : He 12:2 (nowhere else).†

Primary meaning: end, to, at the end, to the uttermost. Strong's: properly, the point aimed at as a limit, i.e. (by implication) the conclusion of an act or state (termination (literally, figuratively or indefinitely), result (immediate, ultimate or prophetic), purpose); specially, an impost or levy (as paid). Lexical nuances: end : most freq. of the termination or limit of an act or state (in NT also of the end of a period of time, cl. τελευτή ), Lk 1:33 , I Co 10:11 , II Co 3:13 , I Pe 4:7 ; by meton., of one who makes an end, Ro 10:4 ; ἕως ( ἄχρι, μέκρι ) τέλους , I Co 1:8 , II Co 1:13 , He 3:14 6:11 , Re 2:26 ; εἰς τ. , to or at the end , Mt 10:22 , Mk 13:13 , Lk 18:5 , Jo 13:1 (or here, to the uttermost , v. Wes...

Primary meaning: mark, impression, impress, stamp, a figure, image. Strong's: a die (as struck), i.e. (by implication) a stamp or scar; by analogy, a shape, i.e. a statue, (figuratively) style or resemblance; specially, a sampler ("type"), i.e. a model (for imitation) or instance (for warning). Lexical nuances: the mark of a blow: τῶν ἥλων , Jo 20:25 .

Primary meaning: adoption. Strong's: the placing as a son, i.e. adoption (figuratively, Christian sonship in respect to God). Lexical nuances: with Israel: Ro 9:4 ;

Primary meaning: a son, a man. Strong's: a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship. Lexical nuances: a son ; in the ordinary sense: Mt 10:37 , Mk 9:17 , Lk 1:13 , al. mult.; omitted with the art. of origin (WM, § 30, 3; Bl., §35, 2), τὸν τοῦ Ἰεσσαί , Ac 13:22 (LXX) ; also c. gen. anarth. (cl.), Σώπατρος Πύρρου Βεροιαῖος , Ac 20:4 ; c. adj., προτότοκος , Lk 2:7 ; μονογένης , Lk 7:12 ; opp. to νόθος , He 12:8 ; in a wider sense, of posterity: ὁ υἱ. Δαυΐδ , of the Messiah (cf. Dalman, Words , 316...

Primary meaning: obedience. Strong's: attentive hearkening, i.e. (by implication) compliance or submission. Lexical nuances: obedience (opp. to παρακοή );

Primary meaning: vto listen, attend, to answer, to attend to, submit to, obey. Strong's: to hear under (as a subordinate), i.e. to listen attentively; by implication, to heed or conform to a command or authority. Lexical nuances: vto listen, attend , hence,

Primary meaning: a figure, copy, example. Strong's: an exhibit for imitation or warning (figuratively, specimen, adumbration). Lexical nuances: used by later writers (Xen. onwards) for παράδειγμα (v. Rutherford, NPhr. , 62),

Primary meaning: to stay behind, to await, wait for, to bear patiently, endure. Strong's: to stay under (behind), i.e. remain; figuratively, to undergo, i.e. bear (trials), have fortitude, persevere. Lexical nuances: in-trans., to stay behind : seq. ἐν , Lk 2:43 ; ἐκεῖ , Ac 17:14 .

Primary meaning: a remaining behind, patient enduring, endurance. Strong's: cheerful (or hopeful) endurance, constancy. Lexical nuances: a remaining behind (Arist.).

Primary meaning: to delineate, an outline, sketch, a pattern, example. Strong's: typification under (after), i.e. (concretely) a sketch (figuratively) for imitation. Lexical nuances: an outline, sketch . Metaph., a pattern, example : I Ti 1:16 , II Ti 1:13 .†

Primary meaning: to make visible, clear, manifest, known. Strong's: to render apparent (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: to make visible, clear, manifest or known : c. acc rei, Jo 2:11 17:6 , Ro 1:19 , I Co 4:5 , II Co 2:14 11:6 , Col 4:4 , Tit 1:3 ; pass., Mk 4:22 , Jo 3:21 9:3 , Ro 3:21 16:26 , II Co 4:10 , 11 , Eph 5:13 , Col 1:26 , II Ti 1:10 , He 9:8 , I Jo 3:2 4:9 , Re 3:18 15:4 ; c. acc pers., of Christ, Jo 7:4 21:1 ; pass., II Co 3:3 5:10 , 11 , I Jo 2:19 ; of Christ, Mk 16:12 , 14 , Jo 1:31 21:14 , Col 3...

Primary meaning: manifestation. Strong's: exhibition, i.e. (figuratively) expression, (by extension) a bestowment. Lexical nuances: manifestation : I Co 12:7 , II Co 4:2 .†

Primary meaning: the love of brothers, brotherly love. Strong's: fraternal affection. Lexical nuances: the love of brothers, brotherly love : of Christians' mutual love as brethren (v.s. ἀδελφός ), Ro 12:10 , I Th 4:9 , He 13:1 , I Pe 1:22 , II Pe 1:7 .†

Primary meaning: love of strangers, hospitality. Strong's: hospitableness. Lexical nuances: love of strangers, hospitality : Ro 12:13 , He 13:2 .†

Primary meaning: beloved, dear, loving, friendly, a friend. Strong's: actively, fond, i.e. friendly (still as a noun, an associate, neighbor, etc.). Lexical nuances: pass., beloved, dear (Hom., Eur., al.).

Primary meaning: to have understanding, to think, to be minded, to be of the same mind, to have in mind, be mindful of, think of. Strong's: to exercise the mind, i.e. entertain or have a sentiment or opinion; by implication, to be (mentally) disposed (more or less earnestly in a certain direction); intensively, to interest oneself in (with concern or obedience). Lexical nuances: to have understanding (Hom., al.).

Primary meaning: the thought. Strong's: (mental) inclination or purpose. Lexical nuances: that which is in the mind (the content of φρονεῖν , ICC, Ro. , 8 6 ), the thought : Ro 8:6 , 7 , 27 .†

Primary meaning: understanding, practical wisdom, prudence. Strong's: mental action or activity, i.e. intellectual or moral insight. Lexical nuances: understanding, practical wisdom, prudence : Lk 1:17 , Eph 1:8 .†

Primary meaning: natural, produced by nature, innate, according to nature, governed by mere natural instinct. Strong's: "physical", i.e. (by implication) instinctive. Lexical nuances: natural

Primary meaning: nature, nature, origin, birth, nature. Strong's: growth (by germination or expansion), i.e. (by implication) natural production (lineal descent); by extension, a genus or sort; figuratively, native disposition, constitution or usage. Lexical nuances: nature , i.e.,

Primary meaning: light. Strong's: compare G5316 (φαίνω), G5346 (φημί)); luminousness (in the widest application, natural or artificial, abstract or concrete, literal or figurative). Lexical nuances: light (opp. to τὸ σκότος, ἡ σκοτία ): Mt 17:2 , 5 , Jo 11:9 , 10 , II Co 4:6 ; ἡλίου , Re 22:5 ; of a lamp, Lk 8:16 11:33 , Jo 5:35 , Re 18:23 ; of a supernatural heavenly light, Ac 9:3 12:7 22:6 , 9 , 11 26:13 ; hence, ἄγγελος φωτός , II Co 11:14 ; ὁ κλήρος τ. ἁγίων ἐν τ. φ. , Col 1:12 ; of the divine glory, Re 21:24 ; by meton., of that which gives light: of fire, Mk 14:54 , Lk 22:56 (cl.; I ...

Primary meaning: a luminary, light. Strong's: an illuminator, i.e. (concretely) a luminary, or (abstractly) brilliancy. Lexical nuances: a luminary, light : Phl 2:15 , Re 21:11 .†

Primary meaning: to shine, give light, to illumine, enlighten, to bring to light, make known. Strong's: to shed rays, i.e. to shine or (transitively) to brighten up (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: intrans., to shine, give light (Arist., Plut., a1.): seq. ἐπί , Re 22:5 .

Primary meaning: to rejoice, be glad, hail, to give greeting, greeting. Strong's: to be "cheer"ful, i.e. calmly happy or well-off; impersonally, especially as salutation (on meeting or parting), be well. Lexical nuances: to rejoice, be glad : Mk 14:11 , Lk 15:5 , 32 19:6 , 37 22:5 23:8 , Jo 4:36 8:56 20:20 , Ac 5:41 8:39 11:23 13:48 , II Co 6:10 7:7 13:9 , Phl 2:17 , 28 , Col 2:5 , I Th 5:16 , I Pe 4:13 , III Jo 3 ; χ. καὶ ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι , Mt 5:12 ; κ. σκιρτᾶν , Lk 6:23 ; opp. to κλαίειν , Ro 12:15 , I Co 7:30 ; to κλαίειν κ. θρηνεῖν Jo 16:20 ; to λύπην ἔχειν , ib. 22 ; c. cogn. acc, χ. χαρὰν μεγάλην , Mt 2:10 ; χ...

Primary meaning: joy, delight. Strong's: cheerfulness, i.e. calm delight. Lexical nuances: joy, delight : Lk 1:14 15:7 , 10 , Jo 15:11 16:22 , 24 17:13 , Ac 8:8 , II Co 1:24 7:13 8:2 , Ga 5:22 , Col 1:11 , Phl 2:2 , I Jo 1:4 , II Jo 12 ; opp. to κατήφεια , Ja 4:9 ; to λύπη , Jo 16:20 ; χ. τῆς πίστεως , Phl 1:25 ; ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι ( χαίρειν , q.v.), χαρᾷ , Jo 3:29 , I Pe 1:8 ; χ. ἔχειν , Phm 7 ; πληροῦν ( -οῦσθαι ) χαρᾶς , Ac 13:52 , Ro 15:13 , II Ti 1:4 ; ποιεῖν χ. μεγάλην , Ac 15:3 ; ἀπὸ...

Primary meaning: to show favour or kindness, to give freely, bestow, to grant forgiveness, forgive freely. Strong's: to grant as a favor, i.e. gratuitously, in kindness, pardon or rescue. Lexical nuances: to show favour or kindness : c. dat. pers., Ga 3:18 .

Primary meaning: gracefulness, grace, loveliness, graciousness, grace, graciousness, kindness, goodwill, favour, favour, grace. Strong's: graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart, and its reflection in the life; including gratitude). Lexical nuances: objectively, that which causes favourable regard, gracefulness, grace, loveliness of form, graciousness of speech (cl.; Ec 10:12 , Si 21:16 , al.): Col 4:6 ; λόγοι τ. χάριτος (gen. qual.), Lk 4:22 . Subjectively, on the part of the giver, grace, graciousness, kindness, goodwill, favour : Lk 2:52 , Ac 7:10 , al.; esp. in NT of the divine favour, grace , with emphasis on its freeness and universa...

Primary meaning: a gift of grace, a free gift. Strong's: a (divine) gratuity, i.e. deliverance (from danger or passion); (specially), a (spiritual) endowment, i.e. (subjectively) religious qualification, or (objectively) miraculous faculty. Lexical nuances: a gift of grace, a free gift , esp. of extra­ordinary operations of the Spirit in the Apostolic Church, but including all spiritual graces and endowments (Lft., Notes , 148 f.): Ro 1:11 5:15, 16 6:23 11:29 12:6 , I Co 1:7 7:7 12:4 , 9 , 28 , 30, 31 , II Co 1:11 , I Ti 4:14 , II Ti 1:6 , I Pe 4:10 .†

Primary meaning: serviceable, good, good, pleasant, easy, good, kind, gracious. Strong's: employed, i.e. (by implication) useful (in manner or morals). Lexical nuances: serviceable, good ; of things, good, pleasant : of food (as often in cl.), οἶνος , Lk 5:39 ; ζυγός , Mt 11:30 (EV, easy ); in ethical sense, ἤθη , I Co 15:33 ; of persons, good, kind, gracious : Eph 4:32 ; of God, Lk 6:35 , I Pe 2:3 ; τ. χρηστὸν (= ἡ χρηστότης ) τοῦ θεοῦ , Ro 2:4 .†

Primary meaning: goodness, excellence, uprightness, goodness of heart, kindness. Strong's: usefulness, i.e. morally, excellence (in character or demeanor). Lexical nuances: goodness, excellence, uprightness : Ro 3:12 (LXX) . goodness of heart, kindness : Ro 2:4 , II Co 6:6 , Ga 5:22 , Col 3:12 , Tit 3:4 ; seq. ἐπί , c. acc. pers., Eph 2:7 ; id., opp. to ἀποτομία , Ro 11:22 .

Primary meaning: an anointing, unction. Strong's: an unguent or smearing, i.e. (figuratively) the special endowment ("chrism") of the Holy Spirit. Lexical nuances: later form of χρῖμα (Æsch., al.),

Primary meaning: anointing, to be used as ointment, anointed, the Messiah, the Christ. Strong's: anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus. Lexical nuances: as adj. , of things, anointing, to be used as ointment (Æsch., Eur., al.; τ. ἔλαιον τὸ χ. , Le 21:10 ); of persons, anointed ( ὁ ἰερεὺς ὁ χ. , Le 4:5 ; οἱ χ. ἰευρεῖς , II Mac 1:10 ): ὁ χ. τοῦ κυρίου or Θεοῦ ( I Ki 2:10 , Ps 2:2 , al.), of the Messiah (Aram., מְשִׁיחָא ; cf. Dalman, Words , 289 ff.), Lk 2:11 , 26 Jo 1:41 , Ac 2:36 4:26 , al. As subst., ὁ Χριστός , the Messiah, the Christ : Mt 2:...

Primary meaning: breath, breath of life, life, the vital principle, the soul. Strong's: breath, i.e. (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only; thus distinguished on the one hand from G4151 (πνεῦμα), which is the rational and immortal soul; and on the other from G2222 (ζωή), which is mere vitality, even of plants: these terms thus exactly correspond respectively to the Hebrew H05315, H07307 and H02416). Lexical nuances: breath (Lat. anima ), breath of life, life (Hom., al.; in Arist., of the vital principle ): Mt 6:25 , Mk 3:4 10:45 , Lk 12:22 , Jo 10:11 , Ac 20:10 , 24 , II Co 1:23 , Phl 2:30 , I Th 2:8 , al. the soul , as the seat of the will, desires and affections: Mt 26:38 , Mk 12:30 (LXX) 14:34 , Lk 1:46 , Jo 10:24 , Ac 14:2 , Phl 1:27 , al.; ἐκ ψυχῆς , from the heart , heartily : Eph 6:6 , Col 3:23 ; as...

Primary meaning: of the, natural, sensual, natural. Strong's: sensitive, i.e. animate (in distinction on the one hand from G4152 (πνευματικός), which is the higher or renovated nature; and on the other from G5446 (φυσικός), which is the lower or bestial nature). Lexical nuances: of the ψυχή (as the lower part of the immaterial in man), EV, natural : opp. to πνευματικός , I Co 2:14 15:44 , 46 ; πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες (EV, sensual ; R, mg., natural or animal ; better perhaps, of the mind ; v. infr.), Ju 19 ; with ἐπίγειος, δαιμονιώδης , opp. to ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη ( σοψία ), of the mind (Hort, in l.), Ja 3:15 †