πονηρός
“oppressed by toils, toilsome, painful”
Primary meaning: oppressed by toils, toilsome, painful, bad. Strong's: hurtful, i.e. evil (properly, in effect or influence, and thus differing from G2556 (κακός), which refers rather to essential character, as well as from G4550 (σαπρός), which indicates degeneracy from original virtue); figuratively, calamitous; also (passively) ill, i.e. diseased; but especially (morally) culpable, i.e. derelict, vicious, facinorous; neuter (singular) mischief, malice, or (plural) guilt; masculine (singular) the devil, or (plural) sinners. Lexical nuances: of persons, oppressed by toils (Hes.); of things, toilsome , painful ( καιρός , Si 51:12 ): Eph 5:16 6:13 , Re 16:2 .
Lexical & Etymological Analysis
Root & Derivation
from a derivative of G4192 (πόνος);
Traditional English Renderings (KJV/AV)
Septuagint (LXX) & New Testament Conceptual Bridges
Cross-Testament BridgeHow this lemma bridges Old Testament Hebrew and New Testament Koine Greek through the Septuagint (LXX) translation tradition.
LXX conceptual translation: רַע (evil, bad, calamity, harmful) -> πονηρός (oppressed by toils, toilsome, painful)
Key Biblical Occurrences (8)
Foundational passages where πονηρός (poneros) carries significant theological or narrative weight.