כָּפַר
kapar (kāp̄ar)
/kaw-FAR/
“to atone, expiate, cover, propitiate”
To atone, make propitiation, purge, ransom; central action in Leviticus whereby blood expiates guilt, cleanses defilement, and turns away wrath.
Lexical & Etymological Analysis
Root & Derivation
Perhaps from pitch/covering (H3724), or Akkadian kuppuru (to wipe clean).
Traditional English Renderings (KJV/AV)
make atonementreconcilepurgeforgive
Septuagint (LXX) & New Testament Conceptual Bridges
Cross-Testament BridgeHow this lemma bridges Old Testament Hebrew and New Testament Koine Greek through the Septuagint (LXX) translation tradition.
LXX conceptual translation: כָּפַר (to atone, expiate, cover, propitiate) -> G2433
LXX conceptual translation: כָּפַר (to atone, expiate, cover, propitiate) -> G1846
Key Biblical Occurrences (7)
Foundational passages where כָּפַר (kapar) carries significant theological or narrative weight.