Biblical Hebrew H5707 noun masculine 69 occurrences

עֵד

Transliteration: ed (ʿēḏ)

Pronunciation: /ayd/

“witness, testifying party, monument”

Witness, testifying person or memorial stones testifying to covenant oath taken before God (Genesis 31:48, Joshua 24:27).

Lexical & Etymological Analysis

From עוּד (H5749) to duplicate, testify.

witness

Cross-Testament Bridge

How this lemma bridges Old Testament Hebrew and New Testament Koine Greek through the Septuagint (LXX) translation tradition.

LXX conceptual translation: עֵד (witness, testifying party, monument) -> μάρτυς (a witness)

LXX conceptual translation: עֵד (witness, testifying party, monument) -> μαρτυρέω (to be a witness, bear witness, testify)

LXX conceptual translation: עֵד (witness, testifying party, monument) -> μαρτυρία (witness, testimony, evidence)

Direct Cross-Language Equivalents:

G3144 μάρτυς (martys — “a witness”)

Foundational passages where עֵד (ed) carries significant theological or narrative weight.