πνεῦμα
“wind, breath, the spirit”
Primary meaning: wind, breath, the spirit, in spirit. Strong's: a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit. Lexical nuances: of air in motion; wind : Jo 3:8 ; pl., He 1:7 (LXX) ; breath : π. ζωῆς , Re 11:11 ; π. τοῦ στόματος , fig., II Th 2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33):6 ).
Lexical & Etymological Analysis
Root & Derivation
from G4154 (πνέω);
Traditional English Renderings (KJV/AV)
Septuagint (LXX) & New Testament Conceptual Bridges
Cross-Testament BridgeHow this lemma bridges Old Testament Hebrew and New Testament Koine Greek through the Septuagint (LXX) translation tradition.
LXX conceptual translation: רוּחַ (spirit, Holy Spirit) -> πνεῦμα (wind, breath, the spirit)
LXX conceptual translation: נְשָׁמָה (breath, spirit, living being) -> πνεῦμα (wind, breath, the spirit)
LXX conceptual translation: רוּחַ (spirit, wind, breath) -> πνεῦμα (wind, breath, the spirit)
Key Biblical Occurrences (8)
Foundational passages where πνεῦμα (pneuma) carries significant theological or narrative weight.