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Topic Overview

Babylonia

Babylonia (Biblical Place • Babel • 32.537°N, 44.421°E): Ancient biblical location referenced in Ezra 1:11 , Ezra 2:1 , Ezra 5:12 , Ezra 6:1 , Ezra 7:6 , Ezra 7:9 (identified with Babel ). Within the broader Biblical Knowledge Graph, this connects directly to Babylonian Captivity & Post-Exilic Return—In 586 BCE, Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon destroyed Jerusalem and deported Judah , including King Jehoiachin and High Priest Jehozadak ( 1 Chronicles 6:15 ), before the Persian decree of Cyrus enabled Zerubbabel , Joshua , Ezra , and Nehemiah to rebuild the Temple and walls of Jerusalem .

Connected Genealogical Figures & Lineage

Ezra (Generation 48 • Child of Seraiah ): ( Ezra 7:1 ) Ezra was the priest who returned to Jerusalem after the Babylonian captivity and recorded the events in the book of the Bible named Ezra. (mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4 , Ezra 7 , Ezra 10 )

Biblical Geography & Sacred Architecture

Key geographical locations connected to this topic include Babylonia (Ancient biblical location referenced in Ezra 1:11 , Ezra 2:1 , Ezra 5:12 , Ezra 6:1 , Ezra 7:6 , Ezra 7:9 (identified with Babel ).) Aphek 2 (Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 12:18 , 1 Sam 4:1 , 1 Sam 29:1 .) Aphek 1 (http://www.traveljournals.net/explore/lebanon/map/m1170262/hamul.html. Referenced in Josh 13:4 , Josh 19:30 .) Aphek 3 (Ancient biblical location referenced in 1 Kgs 20:26 , 1 Kgs 20:30 , 2 Kgs 13:17 .) 3D Sanctuary Reconstructions: Lion Panel from Nebuchadnezzar II's Throne Room — Molded polychrome glazed brick relief panel of a striding roaring lion from the facade of King Nebuchadnezzar II's Throne Room and Processional Way in Babylon —symbolizing royal Babylonian power as echoed in Jeremiah 50:17 and Daniel 7:4 . Ancient Babylon Scale Model (600 BC) — Architectural scale model of Neo-Babylonian Babylon around 600 BC from the Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem , showing the Euphrates River dividing the walled city, the Processional Way, the Ishtar Gate , Nebuchadnezzar's Southern Palace, and the Etemenanki ziggurat precinct.

Scripture Witness (KJV) & Canonical Context

Primary KJV scripture witnesses include Ezekiel 23:17 : "And the Babylonians came to her into the bed of love, and they defiled her with their whoredom, and she was polluted with them, and her mind was alienated from them."; Ezekiel 23:15 : "Girded with girdles upon their loins, exceeding in dyed attire upon their heads, all of them princes to look to, after the manner of the Babylonians of Chaldea , the land of their n..."; Ezra 4:9 : "Then wrote Rehum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the B...". Related canonical books and chapters: 1 Esdras 4 ( 1 Esdras • Chapter 4 (63 verses)), 1 Esdras 6 ( 1 Esdras • Chapter 6 (34 verses)), 1 Esdras 8 (1 Esdras • Chapter 8 (96 verses)).

Connected Topics & Entities Book/Chapter Verse Person Place Lexicon Theology Commentary

Topics, People & Places (36)

Babylonia
99% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Babel • 32.537°N, 44.421°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Ezra 1:11 , Ezra 2:1 , Ezra 5:12 , Ezra 6:1 , Ezra 7:6 , Ezra 7:9 (identified with Babel ).

Babylonian Captivity & Post-Exilic Return
99% Wiki Topic
Wiki Article • History & Monarchy

In 586 BCE, Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon destroyed Jerusalem and deported Judah , including King Jehoiachin and High Priest Jehozadak ( 1 Chronicles 6:15 ), before the Persian decree of Cyrus enabled Zerubbabel , Joshua , Ezra , and Nehemiah to rebuild the Temple and walls of Jerusalem .

Lion Panel from Nebuchadnezzar II's Throne Room
99% 3D Model
Interactive 3D Glazed Brick Relief • Daniel 4:30 & Daniel 7:4

Molded polychrome glazed brick relief panel of a striding roaring lion from the facade of King Nebuchadnezzar II's Throne Room and Processional Way in Babylon —symbolizing royal Babylonian power as echoed in Jeremiah 50:17 and Daniel 7:4 .

Code of Hammurabi Stele — Babylonian Law & Mosaic Parallels
Code of Hammurabi Stele — Babylonian Law & Mosaic Parallels
IMAGE 93%
IMAGE • archaeology

Diorite stele in the Louvre Museum with 282 legal statutes illustrating Ancient Near Eastern covenantal jurisprudence.

Ancient Near Eastern Scribes and Stonemasons • The British Museum / Israel Antiquities Authority CC-BY-SA 4.0
Map of the Babylonian Empire & Destruction of Jerusalem (586 BCE)
Map of the Babylonian Empire & Destruction of Jerusalem (586 BCE)
IMAGE 93%
IMAGE • maps

Nebuchadnezzar's siege lines, destruction of the First Temple , and deportation of the exiles to Babylon .

Historical Biblical Cartographers • Geographicus / Wikimedia Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0
Cyrus Cylinder — Declaration of Persian Return (Ezra 1)
Cyrus Cylinder — Declaration of Persian Return (Ezra 1)
IMAGE 93%
IMAGE • archaeology

Ancient clay cylinder inscribed in Babylonian cuneiform (539 BCE) detailing Cyrus the Great's decree permitting exiled peoples to return to their homelands and rebuild their sanctuaries.

Babylonian Cuneiform Scribes of Cyrus II • British Museum, London (BM 90920) / Wikimedia Commons CC-BY-SA 4.0
1 Esdras 4
75% Chapter
1 Esdras • Chapter 4 (63 verses)

Then the second, that had spoken of the strength of the king, began to say, O sirs, do not men excel in strength, that bear rule over the sea and land, and all things in them? But yet is the king stronger: and he is their lord, and has dominion over them; and in whatever he comma... Mentions: Jerusalem , Babylon , Phoenicia , Babylonia .

Ancient Babylon Scale Model (600 BC)
75% 3D Model
Interactive 3D Urban Scale Model • Daniel 1–5 & Jeremiah 50–51

Architectural scale model of Neo-Babylonian Babylon around 600 BC from the Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem , showing the Euphrates River dividing the walled city, the Processional Way, the Ishtar Gate , Nebuchadnezzar's Southern Palace, and the Etemenanki ziggurat precinct.

Second Temple Judaism: Sects, Institutions, and Messianic Expectations
75% Wiki Topic
From Cyrus to Titus: Pharisees, Sadducees, Herodian Monumentality, and the Roman Matrix

Comprehensive historical and archaeological consensus on the political, religious, and social landscape between the return from Babylonian Exile under Cyrus (538 BC) and the Roman destruction of the Second Temple (70 AD).

Aphek 2
74% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 32.105°N, 34.932°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 12:18 , 1 Sam 4:1 , 1 Sam 29:1 .

1 Esdras 6
74% Chapter
1 Esdras • Chapter 6 (34 verses)

Now in the second year of the reign of Darius, Aggaeus and Zacharius the son of Addo, the prophets, prophesied to the Jews in Jewry and Jerusalem ; in the name of the Lord, the God of Israel , prophesied they to them. Then stood up Zorobabel the son of Salathiel, and Jesus the so... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Yeshua the Messiah , Jerusalem , Syria , Phoenicia , Babylon , Babylonia .

The Cyrus Cylinder
72% 3D Model
Interactive 3D Cuneiform Artifact • Ezra 1:1–4

Ancient barrel-shaped baked clay cylinder inscribed in Babylonian cuneiform on behalf of King Cyrus the Great after his conquest of Babylon in 539 BC, recording his policy of restoring exiled peoples and sacred temple vessels to their homelands—paralleling the decree in Ezra 1:1–4 and 2 Chronicles 36:22–23 .

Ezra
71% Gen 48
Generation 48 • Child of Seraiah

( Ezra 7:1 )Ezra was the priest who returned to Jerusalem after the Babylonian captivity and recorded the events in the book of the Bible named Ezra.

Aphek 1
71% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 34.066°N, 35.866°E

http://www.traveljournals.net/explore/lebanon/map/m1170262/hamul.html. Referenced in Josh 13:4 , Josh 19:30 .

1 Esdras 8
71% Chapter
1 Esdras • Chapter 8 (96 verses)

And after these things, when Artaxerxes the king of the Persians reigned, came Ezdras the son of Azaraias, the son of Zechrias, the son of Helkias, the son of Salem , the son of Sadduk, the son of Ahitob, the son of Amarias, the son of Ozias, the son of Memeroth, the son of Zarai... Mentions: Eleazar , Aaron , Moses , Jacob/Israel , Ithamar , Salem , Babylon , Jerusalem , Babylonia , Syria .

Ishtar Gate of Babylon
66% 3D Model
Interactive 3D Babylonian Gate • Daniel 1–4 & 2 Kings 25

Monumental double gate on the northern wall of inner Babylon constructed by King Nebuchadnezzar II around 575 BC during the era of Daniel and the Judean exile, clad in brilliant cobalt-blue glazed bricks embossed with alternating rows of golden lions, bulls (aurochs), and dragons (mušḫuššu).

Aphek 3
64% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 32.778°N, 35.699°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in 1 Kgs 20:26 , 1 Kgs 20:30 , 2 Kgs 13:17 .

Engedi
63% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.462°N, 35.392°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 15:62 , 1 Sam 23:29 , 1 Sam 24:1 , 2 Chr 20:2 , Sng 1:14 , Ezek 47:10 .

Behistun Inscription — Darius the Great Trilingual Relief
Behistun Inscription — Darius the Great Trilingual Relief
IMAGE 62%
IMAGE • archaeology

Colossal rock relief in Iran carved in Old Persian, Elamite, and Babylonian, key to deciphering cuneiform and Persian royal decrees in Ezra .

Achaemenid Persian Stonemasons (Darius the Great) • UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bisotun CC-BY-SA 4.0
Sodom
61% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.197°N, 35.396°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Gen 10:19 , Gen 13:10 , Gen 13:12 , Gen 13:13 , Gen 14:2 , Gen 14:8 .

Kadesh 1
61% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Kadesh-barnea • 30.688°N, 34.495°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Gen 14:7 , Gen 16:14 , Gen 20:1 , Num 13:26 , Num 20:1 , Num 20:14 (identified with Kadesh-barnea ).

Rembrandt — Belshazzar's Feast (1635)
Rembrandt — Belshazzar's Feast (1635)
IMAGE 61%
IMAGE • artwork

The Babylonian king terrorized by the supernatural hand writing 'Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin' on the wall.

Rembrandt van Rijn • Rijksmuseum / Historical Archive Public Domain Mark 1.0
Genesis 14:3
60% Verse
Genesis Chapter 14, Verse 3

Scripture passage in Genesis 14:3

Major & Minor Prophets of Israel
59% Wiki Topic
Wiki Article • Prophets & Wisdom

Spanning the eighth to fifth centuries BCE, the Major Prophets ( Isaiah , Jeremiah , Ezekiel , Daniel ) and the Twelve Minor Prophets ( Hosea through Malachi ) called Israel and Judah back to covenant righteousness while foretelling redemption and the coming Messiah.

Genesis 14:1
59% Verse
Genesis Chapter 14, Verse 1

Scripture passage in Genesis 14:1

Tekoa
58% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.636°N, 35.214°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in 2 Sam 14:2 , 2 Sam 14:4 , 2 Sam 14:9 , 2 Sam 23:26 , 1 Chr 11:28 , 2 Chr 11:6 .

Gomorrah
58% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.157°N, 35.474°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Gen 10:19 , Gen 13:10 , Gen 14:2 , Gen 14:8 , Gen 14:10 , Gen 14:11 .

Kadesh-barnea
58% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 30.688°N, 34.495°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Num 32:8 , Num 34:4 , Deut 1:2 , Deut 1:19 , Deut 2:14 , Deut 9:23 .

Telassar
57% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Susa • 32.189°N, 48.258°E

from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Elam . Referenced in 2 Kgs 19:12 , Isa 37:12 .

Bel and the Dragon 1
57% Chapter
Bel and the Dragon • Chapter 1 (42 verses)

AND king Astyages was gathered to his fathers, and Cyrus the Persian received his kingdom. And Daniel lived with the king, and was honored above all his friends. Now the Babylonians had an idol, called Bel, and there were spent upon him every day twelve great measures of fine flo... Mentions: Daniel , Babylon .

Hormah
56% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Zephath • 30.881°N, 34.631°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Num 14:45 , Num 21:3 , Deut 1:44 , Josh 12:14 , Josh 15:30 , Josh 19:4 (identified with Zephath ).

Lycaonia
55% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Iconium • 37.884°N, 32.494°E

region. Referenced in Acts 14:6 .

Kartan
55% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Hammath • 33.126°N, 35.165°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 21:32 (identified with Hammath ).

Mareshah
55% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.604°N, 34.902°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 15:44 , 2 Chr 11:8 , 2 Chr 14:9 , 2 Chr 14:10 , 2 Chr 20:37 , Mic 1:15 .

Goiim
54% Place
Biblical Place • Ancient Near East

Ancient biblical location referenced in Gen 14:1 , Gen 14:9 , Josh 12:23 .

Lasha
54% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.718°N, 35.585°E

http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/sections/section3.html. Referenced in Gen 10:19 .

Scripture Passages (5)

Ezekiel 23:17 (KJV)
KJV

And the Babylonians came to her into the bed of love, and they defiled her with their whoredom, and she was polluted with them, and her mind was alienated from them.

Ezekiel 23:15 (KJV)
KJV

Girded with girdles upon their loins, exceeding in dyed attire upon their heads, all of them princes to look to, after the manner of the Babylonians of Chaldea , the land of their nativity:

Ezra 4:9 (KJV)
KJV

Then wrote Rehum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Susanchites, the Dehavites, and the Elamites,

Ezekiel 23:23 (KJV)
KJV

The Babylonians, and all the Chaldeans, Pekod , and Shoa , and Koa , and all the Assyrians with them: all of them desirable young men, captains and rulers, great lords and renowned, all of them riding upon horses.

Nehemiah 2:5 (KJV)
Nehemiah 2 KJV

And I said unto the king, If it please the king, and if thy servant have found favour in thy sight, that thou wouldest send me unto Judah , unto the city of my fathers' sepulchres, that I may build it.

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