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a son, a man. Primary meaning: a son, a man. Strong's: a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship. Lexical nuances: a son ; in the ordinary sense: Mt 10:37 , Mk 9:17 , Lk 1:13 , al. mult.; omitted with the art. of origin (WM, § 30, 3; Bl., §35, 2), τὸν τοῦ Ἰεσσαί , Ac 13:22 (LXX) ; also c. gen. anarth. (cl.), Σώπατρος Πύρρου Βεροιαῖος , Ac 20:4 ; c. adj., προτότοκος , Lk 2:7 ; μονογένης , Lk 7:12 ; opp. to νόθος , He 12:8 ; in a wider sense, of posterity: ὁ υἱ. Δαυΐδ , of the Messiah (cf. Dalman, Words , 316...

an oracle. Primary meaning: an oracle. Strong's: an utterance (of God). Lexical nuances: an oracle : Ac 7:38 , Ro 3:2 , He 5:12 , I Pe 4:11 (on the eccl., λόγια τ. Κυρίου , v. Lft., Essay on Sup. Rel. , 172 ff.).†

a running or flowing together, understanding, the understanding, the mind or intelligence. Primary meaning: a running or flowing together, understanding, the understanding, the mind or intelligence. Strong's: a mental putting together, i.e. intelligence or (concretely) the intellect. Lexical nuances: a running or flowing together (Hom.).

witness, testifying party, monument. Witness, testifying person or memorial stones testifying to covenant oath taken before God (Genesis 31:48, Joshua 24:27).

a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation, knowledge. Primary meaning: a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation, knowledge. Strong's: knowing (the act), i.e. (by implication) knowledge. Lexical nuances: a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation . knowledge , in NT, specially of the kn. of spiritual truth: absol., Lk 11:52 , Ro 2:20 15:14 , I Co 1:5 (Lft., Notes , 147) 8:1 , 7 , 10 , 11 , 13:2 , 8 14:6 , II Co 6:6 8:7 11:6 , Eph 3:19 , Col 2:3 , I Pe 3:7 , II Pe 1:5 , 6 ; c. gen. obj., σωτηρίας , Lk 1:77 ; τ. δόξης τ. θεοῦ , II Co 4:6 ; τ. θεοῦ , II Co 2:14 10:5 ; Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ , Phl 3:8 (v. De...

to speak allegorically. Primary meaning: to speak allegorically. Strong's: to allegorize. Lexical nuances: to speak allegorically (Cremer, 96 ff.): Ga 4:24 .†

to shine, give light, to illumine, enlighten, to bring to light, make known. Primary meaning: to shine, give light, to illumine, enlighten, to bring to light, make known. Strong's: to shed rays, i.e. to shine or (transitively) to brighten up (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: intrans., to shine, give light (Arist., Plut., a1.): seq. ἐπί , Re 22:5 .

to deceive. Primary meaning: to deceive. Strong's: to be guileful. Lexical nuances: to deceive : ἐδολιοῦσαν ( -σαν , freq. in κοινή Gk. for impf. 3rd pers. pl.), Ro 3:13 (LXX) .†

a speech in defence. Primary meaning: a speech in defence. Strong's: a plea ("apology"). Lexical nuances: a speech in defence : Ac 25:16 , II Co 7:11 , Phl 1:7 , 16 , II Ti 4:16 ; c. dat. pers., I Co 9:3 , I Pe 3:15 ; seq. πρός , Ac 22:1 .†

perpetuity, eternity, forever. Continuous duration, perpetual time, eternity; used of the eternal dwelling of God ('inhabits eternity', Isaiah 57:15) and Messiah's throne.

to make visible, clear, manifest, known. Primary meaning: to make visible, clear, manifest, known. Strong's: to render apparent (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: to make visible, clear, manifest or known : c. acc rei, Jo 2:11 17:6 , Ro 1:19 , I Co 4:5 , II Co 2:14 11:6 , Col 4:4 , Tit 1:3 ; pass., Mk 4:22 , Jo 3:21 9:3 , Ro 3:21 16:26 , II Co 4:10 , 11 , Eph 5:13 , Col 1:26 , II Ti 1:10 , He 9:8 , I Jo 3:2 4:9 , Re 3:18 15:4 ; c. acc pers., of Christ, Jo 7:4 21:1 ; pass., II Co 3:3 5:10 , 11 , I Jo 2:19 ; of Christ, Mk 16:12 , 14 , Jo 1:31 21:14 , Col 3...

deity, Godhead. Primary meaning: deity, Godhead. Strong's: divinity (abstractly). Lexical nuances: deity , Godhead : Col 2:9 †

to make, do, fashion, accomplish. To make, produce, fashion, perform; broad verb of creative and historical action, describing God making the cosmos and fulfilling covenant.

a consummator, finisher. Primary meaning: a consummator, finisher. Strong's: a completer, i.e. consummater. Lexical nuances: a consummator, finisher : He 12:2 (nowhere else).†

haste, speed, zeal, diligence, earnestness. Primary meaning: haste, speed, zeal, diligence, earnestness. Strong's: "speed", i.e. (by implication) despatch, eagerness, earnestness. Lexical nuances: haste, speed : μετὰ σ. ( Wi 19:2 ), Mk 6:25 , Lk 1:39 .

tree, wood, timber, gallows. Tree, wood; features in primeval garden (Tree of Life, Tree of Knowledge), altar/ark, and tree bearing covenant curse (Deuteronomy 21:23).

life. Primary meaning: life. Strong's: life (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: life (in Hom., Hdt., = βίος , q.v.; later, existence , vita quâ vivimus , as distinct from βίος , vita quam vivimus ; opp. to θάνατος ); of natural life: Lk 16:25 , Ac 8:33 , I Co 15:19 , I Ti 4:8 , He 7:3 , Ja 4:14 ; πνεῦμα ζωῆς , Re 11:11 ; ψυχὴ ζωῆς ( Ge 1:30 ), Re 16:3 ; of the life of one risen from the dead, Ro 5:10 , He 7:16 . Of the life of the kingdom of God, the present life of grace ...

nation, gentile, people group. Nation, body of people, pagan gentiles; geopolitical peoples of earth in distinction from Israel, yet promised redemption through seed of Abraham.

to make haste, to be zealous, eager, to give diligence. Primary meaning: to make haste, to be zealous, eager, to give diligence. Strong's: to use speed, i.e. to make effort, be prompt or earnest. Lexical nuances: to make haste ; hence, to be zealous or eager, to give diligence : c. inf. (v. M, Pr. , 205 f.), Ga 2:10 , Eph 4:3 , I Th 2:17 , II Ti 2:15 4:9 , 21 , Tit 3:12 , He 4:11 , II Pe 1:10 3:14 ; c. acc. et inf. (on this construction v. Mayor in l.; MM, xxiii), II Pe 1:15 (for other constructions v. LS, s.v.).†

good news, tidings, gospel message. Glad news, reward for message of military victory; the joyful report of salvation.

a calling, call. Primary meaning: a calling, call. Strong's: an invitation (figuratively). Lexical nuances: a calling , call ; in NT, always of the Divine call to salvation: Ro 11:29 , I Co 1:26 7:20 , Eph 1:18 4:1 , 4 , Phl 3:14 , II Th 1:11 , II Ti 1:9 , He 3:1 , II Pe 1:10 (Cremer, 332).†

the seventh day, the sabbath, seven days, a week. Primary meaning: the seventh day, the sabbath, seven days, a week. Strong's: the Sabbath (i.e. Shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight, i.e. the interval between two Sabbaths; likewise the plural in all the above applications. Lexical nuances: the seventh day of the week, the sabbath

prophet, spokesman for God. Prophet, divine spokesman; one who receives direct divine revelation and proclaims God's authoritative message ('I will put My words in his mouth', Deuteronomy 18:18).

light. Primary meaning: light. Strong's: compare G5316 (φαίνω), G5346 (φημί)); luminousness (in the widest application, natural or artificial, abstract or concrete, literal or figurative). Lexical nuances: light (opp. to τὸ σκότος, ἡ σκοτία ): Mt 17:2 , 5 , Jo 11:9 , 10 , II Co 4:6 ; ἡλίου , Re 22:5 ; of a lamp, Lk 8:16 11:33 , Jo 5:35 , Re 18:23 ; of a supernatural heavenly light, Ac 9:3 12:7 22:6 , 9 , 11 26:13 ; hence, ἄγγελος φωτός , II Co 11:14 ; ὁ κλήρος τ. ἁγίων ἐν τ. φ. , Col 1:12 ; of the divine glory, Re 21:24 ; by meton., of that which gives light: of fire, Mk 14:54 , Lk 22:56 (cl.; I ...

to lift up, carry, bear iniquity, forgive. To lift, carry, bear; in soteriological context, to bear away iniquity as substitutionary bearer, hence to forgive ('bearing iniquity and transgression', Exodus 34:7; Isaiah 53:4, 12).

fellowship, communion, contribution. Primary meaning: fellowship, communion, contribution. Strong's: partnership, i.e. (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction. Lexical nuances: fellowship , communion : Ac 2:42 , II Co 6:14 , Phl 1:5 ; τ. υἱοῦ , I Co 1:9 ; τ. αἵματος, σώματος Χρ. , I Co 10:16 ; παθημάτων αὐτσῦ , Phl 3:10 ; τ. πνεύματος , II Co 13:13 , Phl 2:1 ; δεξιὰς κοινωνίας , Ga 2:9 ; τ. πίστεώς σου , Phm 6 ; seq. μετὰ : τ. πατρός , I Jo 1:3 , 6 ; ἡμῶν, ἀλλήλων , ib. 3 , 7 .

daughter, inhabitants (Daughter of Zion). Daughter; personified community of God's covenant people: Bat Tziyyon ('Daughter of Zion', Isaiah 52:2, Zechariah 9:9).

to bring good news, herald tidings, proclaim. To announce good tidings, herald glad news of victory and redemption; theological root of New Testament euangelion / gospel ('How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him who brings good tidings', Isaiah 52:7).

a partner, associate, companion. Primary meaning: a partner, associate, companion, a partaker. Strong's: a sharer, i.e. associate. Lexical nuances: as adj., = κοινός .

to know, perceive, choose. To know, ascertain, experience, perceive; in covenant context denotes experiential intimacy, recognition of authority, and divine election ('You only have I known').

to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand, to know, realize, to become known. Primary meaning: to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand, to know, realize, to become known, to know. Strong's: to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed). Lexical nuances: to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand ; in past tenses to know, realize ; pass., to become known : c. acc., Mt 22:18 , Mk 5:43 , Col 4:8 , I Th 3:5 , al. Pass., Mt 10:26 , Phl 4:5 , al.; seq. ὅτι , Mt 21:45 , Jo 4:1 , al.; τί , Mt 6:3 ; ἀπό , Mk 15:45 ; ὅ , Ro 7:15 ; τ. λεγόμενα , Lk 18:34 ; τ. θέλημα , Lk 12:47 ; τ. καρδίας , Lk 16:15 ; c acc. pers., of recog...

adoption. Primary meaning: adoption. Strong's: the placing as a son, i.e. adoption (figuratively, Christian sonship in respect to God). Lexical nuances: with Israel: Ro 9:4 ;

free from ceremonial defilement, holy, sacred. Primary meaning: free from ceremonial defilement, holy, sacred, venerable. Strong's: properly, clean, i.e. (figuratively) innocent, modest, perfect. Lexical nuances: free from ceremonial defilement , in a condition prepared for worship (for exx. of pagan usage, V. MM, VGT , s.v.). holy , sacred , venerable ( II Mac 13:8 ). As in OT (cl.), pure , chaste , undefiled , guiltless ; of persons: II Co 7:11 11:12 , I Ti 5:22 , Tit 2:5 , I Jo 3:3 ; of things: Phl 4:8 , Ja 3:17 , I Pe 3:2 .†

until, forever, eternity. Until, forever; marks the duration of the saints possessing the kingdom forever and ever (Daniel 7:18).

helper, rescue, counterpart. Help, vital rescuer; applied to woman as corresponding counterpart to man (ezer kenegdo, Genesis 2:18), and to God as Israel's sole deliverer.

transgression, rebellion, revolt. Rebellion, breach of relationship, defiant revolt against sovereign authority; willful breach of covenant stipulations (Isaiah 53:5).