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Levitical Priesthood & High Priests

Levitical Priesthood & High Priests (Wiki Article • Torah & Covenant): Set apart from the tribe of Levi , the priestly house of Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar ministered at the Tabernacle and Temple, while Levitical divisions led by Kohath , Gershon , and Merari —including Temple musicians Asaph , Heman , and Ethan —led Israel 's worship. It is closely linked with ἱερωσύνη (hierosyne) (Greek Lexicon • G2420 • priesthood): priesthood. Primary meaning: priesthood. Strong's: sacredness, i.e. (by implication) the priestly office. Lexical nuances: priesthood : He 7:11 , 12 , 24 .†

Connected Genealogical Figures & Lineage

Phinehas (Generation 28 • Child of Eleazar ): ( Exodus 6:25 , Numbers 25:7-8 , 1 Chronicles 6:50 , Ezra 7:5 ) The LORD gave Phinehas His covenant of peace- covenant of a perpetual priesthood ( Numbers 25:11-13 ) (mentioned in Exodus 6 , Numbers 25 , Numbers 31 ) Levi (Generation 23 • Child of Jacob/Israel ): Levi is a biblical figure in Generation 23, child of Jacob/Israel , parent of Gershon ( Gershom ), Jochebed , Kohath , Merari . ( Genesis 29:34 , 1 Chronicles 2:1 ) (mentioned in Genesis 29 , Genesis 34 , Genesis 35 ) Zadok (Generation 36 • Child of Ahitub ): Zadok is a biblical figure in Generation 36, child of Ahitub , parent of Ahimaaz . ( 1 Chronicles 6:8 , 6:53 ) (mentioned in 1 Chronicles 6 ) Eleazar (Generation 27 • Child of Aaron ): ( Exodus 6:23 , Numbers 3:2 , Numbers 26:60 , 1 Chronicles 6:3 , 6:50 , 24:1 , Ezra 7:5 ) Moses , Aaron , and his sons were to camp before the tabernacle eastward, toward the sunrise ( Numbers 3:38 ). (mentioned in Exodus 6 , Exodus 28 , Leviticus 10 )

Scripture Witness (KJV) & Canonical Context

Primary KJV scripture witnesses include 1 Peter 2:5 : "Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ ."; 1 Peter 2:9 : "But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his mar..."; Hebrews 7:5 : "And verily they that are of the sons of Levi , who receive the office of the priesthood, have a commandment to take tithes of the people according to the law, that is, of their bret...". Related canonical books and chapters: 1 Chronicles 24 ( 1 Chronicles • Chapter 24 (31 verses)), Numbers 3 ( Numbers • Chapter 3 (51 verses)), Hebrews 7 ( Hebrews • Chapter 7 (28 verses)).

Connected Topics & Entities Book/Chapter Verse Person Place Lexicon Theology Commentary

Topics, People & Places (36)

Wiki Article • Torah & Covenant

Set apart from the tribe of Levi , the priestly house of Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar ministered at the Tabernacle and Temple, while Levitical divisions led by Kohath , Gershon , and Merari —including Temple musicians Asaph , Heman , and Ethan —led Israel 's worship.

ἀρχιερεύς
archiereus (archiereús) [ar-khee-er-yuce']
G0749 Greek noun masculine 122x
high-priest, chief priests

Primary meaning: high-priest, chief priests. Strong's: the high-priest (literally, of the Jews, typically, Christ); by extension a chief priest. Lexical nuances: high-priest : Mk 2:26 14:47 , al.; of Christ: He 2:17 3:1 , al. In pl., chief priests , including ex-high-priests and members of high-priestly families: Mt 2:4 , Mk 8:31 , al. (Cremer, 294; DCG , i, 297 f.; MM, s.v.).

Derivation: from G746 (ἀρχή) and G2409 (ἱερεύς);
ἱερεύς
hiereus (hiereús) [hee-er-yooce']
G2409 Greek noun masculine 31x
a priest

Primary meaning: a priest. Strong's: a priest (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a priest : ἱ. τ. Διός , Ac 14:13 ; of Jewish priests, Mt 8:4 12:4 , 5 , Mk 1:44 2:26 , Lk 1:5 5:14 , Jo 1:19 , He 8:4 , al.; of Christ, He 5:6 (LXX) He 10:21 ; of Christians, Re 1:6 5:10 20:6 (Cremer, 293; on the acc. pl., ἱερεῖς , v. Thack., Gr. , 147 f.; Bl., § 8, 2).

Derivation: from G2413 (ἱερός);
כֹּהֵן
kohen (kōhēn) [ko-HANE]
H3548 Hebrew noun masculine 750x
priest, cultic mediator

Priest; consecrated mediator between God and humanity belonging to Aaronic lineage, presenting sacrifices and declaring blessing.

Derivation: Active participle related to Syriac kahna (priest).
לֵוִי
lewi (lēwî) [lay-VEE]
H3881 Hebrew adjective / proper noun 352x
Levite, descendant of Levi

Levite; member of tribe of Levi set apart in place of firstborn to guard, transport, and minister tabernacle, lacking territorial inheritance.

Derivation: From לֵוִי (H3878) Levi, from לָוָה (H3867) to join.
מָשִׁיחַ
masiah (māšîaḥ) [maw-SHEE-akh]
H4899 Hebrew adjective / noun masculine 39x
anointed one, Messiah, Christ

Anointed one; consecrated by pouring sacred oil (priest, king, prophet), and preeminently the Davidic royal Deliverer (Messiah) destined to establish God's universal reign of peace and justice.

Derivation: From מָשַׁח (H4886) to smear, anoint.
Phinehas
80% Gen 28
Generation 28 • Child of Eleazar

( Exodus 6:25 , Numbers 25:7-8 , 1 Chronicles 6:50 , Ezra 7:5 ) The LORD gave Phinehas His covenant of peace- covenant of a perpetual priesthood ( Numbers 25:11-13 )

Levi
Connected via Levitical Priesthood & High Priests 73% Gen 23
Generation 23 • Child of Jacob/Israel

Levi is a biblical figure in Generation 23, child of Jacob/Israel , parent of Gershon ( Gershom ), Jochebed , Kohath , Merari . ( Genesis 29:34 , 1 Chronicles 2:1 )

1 Chronicles 24
Connected via Levitical Priesthood & High Priests 72% Chapter
1 Chronicles • Chapter 24 (31 verses)

Now these are the divisions of the sons of Aaron . The sons of Aaron ; Nadab , and Abihu , Eleazar , and Ithamar . But Nadab and Abihu died before their father, and had no children: therefore Eleazar and Ithamar executed the priest's office. And David distributed them, both Zadok of th... Mentions: Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, Ithamar, Jeshua , Immer , Hebron , Shamir 2 , Eder 1 .

נֵזֶר
nezer (nēzer) [NAY-zer]
H5145 Hebrew noun masculine 25x
crown, consecration, diadem

Diadem, royal crown, holy crown of high priest (Exodus 29:6), and hair of Nazirite set apart in consecrated devotion to God.

Derivation: From נָזַר (H5144) to separate, dedicate.
🎬
VIDEO • overview

Overview of Leviticus highlighting rituals, priesthood, purity laws, and the Day of Atonement through which a holy God graciously dwells with corrupt humans.

BibleProject • BibleProject CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 / Standard YouTube License
Numbers 3
Connected via לֵוִי (lewi) 64% Chapter
Numbers • Chapter 3 (51 verses)

These also are the generations of Aaron and Moses in the day that the Lord spake with Moses in mount Sinai . And these are the names of the sons of Aaron ; Nadab the firstborn, and Abihu , Eleazar , and Ithamar . These are the names of the sons of Aaron, the priests which were anointe... Mentions: Aaron, Moses, Nadab , Abihu , Eleazar , Sinai , Egypt , Hebron .

ἱερουργέω
hierourgeo (hierourgéō) [hee-er-oorg-eh'-o]
G2418 Greek verb 1x
to perform sacred rites, to minister in priestly service

Primary meaning: to perform sacred rites, to minister in priestly service. Strong's: to be a temple-worker, i.e. officiate as a priest (figuratively). Lexical nuances: to perform sacred rites ; c. acc., to minister in priestly service ( minister in sacrifice , R, mg.), τὸ εὐαγγέλιον , Ro 15:16 .†

Derivation: from a compound of G2411 (ἱερόν) and the base of G2041 (ἔργον);
Hebrews 7
59% Chapter
Hebrews • Chapter 7 (28 verses)

For this Melchisedec, king of Salem , priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem , whi... Mentions: Abram/Abraham, Levi , Aaron , Judah , Moses , Salem.

Zadok
Connected via Levitical Priesthood & High Priests 59% Gen 36
Generation 36 • Child of Ahitub

Zadok is a biblical figure in Generation 36, child of Ahitub , parent of Ahimaaz . ( 1 Chronicles 6:8 , 6:53 )

ἐντυγχάνω
entynchano (entynchánō) [en-toong-khan'-o]
G1793 Greek verb 5x
to fall in with, to meet with in order to converse, to petition, make petition

Primary meaning: to fall in with, to meet with in order to converse, to petition, make petition, against. Strong's: to chance upon, i.e. (by implication) confer with; by extension to entreat (in favor or against). Lexical nuances: to fall in with .

Derivation: from G1722 (ἐν) and G5177 (τυγχάνω);
1 Chronicles 6
Connected via Levitical Priesthood & High Priests 58% Chapter
1 Chronicles • Chapter 6 (81 verses)

The sons of Levi ; Gershon , Kohath , and Merari . And the sons of Kohath ; Amram , Izhar , and Hebron , and Uzziel . And the children of Amram ; Aaron , and Moses , and Miriam . The sons also of Aaron ; Nadab , and Abihu , Eleazar , and Ithamar . Mentions: Levi , Gershon (Gershom), Kohath, Merari , Amram, Hebron , Jerusalem , Tahath , Uzza , Libnah 1 .

Eleazar
Connected via Levitical Priesthood & High Priests 57% Gen 27
Generation 27 • Child of Aaron

( Exodus 6:23 , Numbers 3:2 , Numbers 26:60 , 1 Chronicles 6:3 , 6:50 , 24:1 , Ezra 7:5 ) Moses , Aaron , and his sons were to camp before the tabernacle eastward, toward the sunrise ( Numbers 3:38 ).

Μελχισεδέκ
Melchisedek (Melchisedék) [mel-khis-ed-ek']
G3198 Greek proper noun masculine 8x
Melchizedek

Primary meaning: Melchizedek. Strong's: Melchisedek (i.e. Malkitsedek), a patriarch. Lexical nuances: Melchizedek : He 5:6 , 10 6:20 7:1 , 10 , 11 , 15 , 17 .†

Derivation: of Hebrew origin (H04442);
Numbers 18
57% Chapter
Numbers • Chapter 18 (32 verses)

And the Lord said unto Aaron , Thou and thy sons and thy father's house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary: and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of your priesthood. And thy brethren also of the tribe of Levi , the tribe of thy father, bring thou w... Mentions: Aaron , Levi , Jacob/Israel , Moses .

Exodus 28
Connected via כֹּהֵן (kohen) 56% Chapter
Exodus • Chapter 28 (43 verses)

And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel , that he may minister unto me in the priest's office, even Aaron , Nadab and Abihu , Eleazar and Ithamar , Aaron's sons. And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for gl... Mentions: Aaron, Jacob/Israel , Nadab , Abihu , Eleazar .

Merari
53% Gen 24
Generation 24 • Child of Levi

( Genesis 46:11 , Exodus 6:16 , Numbers 3:17 , 1 Chronicles 2:1 , 6:1 , 6:16 ) The families of the sons of Merari were to camp on the northward side of the tabernacle ( Numbers 3:35 ).

Numbers 4
50% Chapter
Numbers • Chapter 4 (49 verses)

And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron , saying, Take the sum of the sons of Kohath from among the sons of Levi , after their families, by the house of their fathers, From thirty years old and upward even until fifty years old, all that enter into the host, to do the work in ... Mentions: Moses , Aaron , Kohath , Levi , Eleazar .

Aaron
Connected via Levitical Priesthood & High Priests 50% Gen 26
Generation 26 • Child of Amram

( Exodus 6:20 , Numbers 26:59 , 1 Chronicles 6:3 , 1 Chronicles 23:13 ) Moses , Aaron, and his sons were to camp before the tabernacle eastward, toward the sunrise ( Numbers 3:38 ).

Kohath
48% Gen 24
Generation 24 • Child of Levi

( Genesis 46:11 , Exodus 6:16 , Numbers 3:17 , 1 Chronicles 2:1 , 6:1 , 6:16 ) The families of the sons of Kohath were to camp on the southward side of the tabernacle ( Numbers 3:29 ).

Leviticus 13
48% Chapter
Leviticus • Chapter 13 (59 verses)

And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron , saying, When a man shall have in the skin of his flesh a rising, a scab, or bright spot, and it be in the skin of his flesh like the plague of leprosy; then he shall be brought unto Aaron the priest, or unto one of his sons the priests: An... Mentions: Moses , Aaron.

Numbers 7
47% Chapter
Numbers • Chapter 7 (89 verses)

And it came to pass on the day that Moses had fully set up the tabernacle, and had anointed it, and sanctified it, and all the instruments thereof, both the altar and all the vessels thereof, and had anointed them, and sanctified them; That the princes of Israel , heads of the hou... Mentions: Moses , Jacob/Israel , Gershon ( Gershom ), Merari , Ithamar , Ephraim , Dan .

Zadok
46% Gen 43
Generation 43 • Child of Ahitub

Zadok is a biblical figure in Generation 43, child of Ahitub , parent of Shallum . ( 1 Chronicles 6:12 , Ezra 7:2 )

מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק
Malki-Sedeq (Malkî-Ṣedeq) [mal-kee-TSEH-dek]
H4442 Hebrew proper noun 2x
Melchizedek, King of Righteousness

King of Salem and priest of God Most High (Genesis 14:18); prototypical royal priest to whose eternal order the Davidic Messiah belongs (Psalm 110:4).

Derivation: From מֶלֶךְ (H4428) king and צֶדֶק (H6664) righteousness.
The Munus Triplex in Old Testament Anointing Types and New Testament Consummation

Explicitly rooted in Old Testament anointing types and New Testament fulfillment (Munus Triplex): Prophet like Moses ( Deut 18:15 , Acts 3:22 ), Great High Priest after Melchizedek ( Ps 110:4 , Heb 7:1-28 ), and Davidic King ( 2 Sam 7:12-16 , Luke 1:32-33 , Rev 19:16 ).

Exodus 29
Connected via כְּהֻנָּה (kehunna) 45% Chapter
Exodus • Chapter 29 (46 verses)

And this is the thing that thou shalt do unto them to hallow them, to minister unto me in the priest's office: Take one young bullock, and two rams without blemish, And unleavened bread, and cakes unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers unleavened anointed with oil: of wheaten f... Mentions: Aaron , Jacob/Israel , Egypt .

Scripture Passages (24)

Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ .

But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:

Hebrews 7:5 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

And verily they that are of the sons of Levi , who receive the office of the priesthood, have a commandment to take tithes of the people according to the law, that is, of their brethren, though they come out of the loins of Abraham :

Hebrews 7:11 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,) what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron ?

Hebrews 7:12 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

For the priesthood being changed, there is made of necessity a change also of the law.

Hebrews 7:14 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

For it is evident that our Lord sprang out of Judah ; of which tribe Moses spake nothing concerning priesthood.

Hebrews 7:24 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood.

And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office: for their anointing shall surely be an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.

These sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy, but they were not found: therefore were they, as polluted, put from the priesthood.

But the Levites have no part among you; for the priesthood of the Lord is their inheritance: and Gad , and Reuben , and half the tribe of Manasseh , have received their inheritance beyond Jordan on the east, which Moses the servant of the Lord gave them.

These sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy, but it was not found: therefore were they, as polluted, put from the priesthood.

Remember them, O my God, because they have defiled the priesthood, and the covenant of the priesthood, and of the Levites .

And he hath brought thee near to him, and all thy brethren the sons of Levi with thee: and seek ye the priesthood also?

And the Lord said unto Aaron , Thou and thy sons and thy father's house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary: and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of your priesthood.

Numbers 25:13 (KJV)
Numbers 25 KJV

And he shall have it, and his seed after him, even the covenant of an everlasting priesthood; because he was zealous for his God, and made an atonement for the children of Israel .

Hebrews 7:1 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

For this Melchisedec, king of Salem , priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him;

Hebrews 7:2 (KJV)
Hebrews 7 KJV

To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem , which is, King of peace;

1 Chronicles 6:1 (KJV)
1 Chronicles 6 KJV

The sons of Levi ; Gershon , Kohath , and Merari .

1 Chronicles 6:2 (KJV)
1 Chronicles 6 KJV

And the sons of Kohath ; Amram , Izhar , and Hebron , and Uzziel .

1 Chronicles 24:1 (KJV)
1 Chronicles 24 KJV

Now these are the divisions of the sons of Aaron . The sons of Aaron ; Nadab , and Abihu , Eleazar , and Ithamar .

1 Chronicles 24:2 (KJV)
1 Chronicles 24 KJV

But Nadab and Abihu died before their father, and had no children: therefore Eleazar and Ithamar executed the priest's office.

Exodus 28:1 (KJV)
Exodus 28 KJV

And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel , that he may minister unto me in the priest's office, even Aaron , Nadab and Abihu , Eleazar and Ithamar , Aaron's sons.

Exodus 28:2 (KJV)
Exodus 28 KJV

And thou shalt make holy garments for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty.

Ezra 7:1 (KJV)
Ezra 7 KJV

Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia , Ezra the son of Seraiah , the son of Azariah , the son of Hilkiah ,

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