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City of Destruction

City of Destruction (Biblical Place • On • 30.108°N, 31.338°E): Ancient biblical location referenced in Isa 19:18 (identified with On). It is closely linked with City of the Lord (Biblical Place • Jerusalem • 31.777°N, 35.235°E): Ancient biblical location referenced in Isa 60:14 (identified with Jerusalem ).

Biblical Geography & Sacred Architecture

Key geographical locations connected to this topic include City of Destruction (Ancient biblical location referenced in Isa 19:18 (identified with On).) City of the Lord (Ancient biblical location referenced in Isa 60:14 (identified with Jerusalem ).) City of Salt (Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 15:62 (identified with Engedi ).) 3D Sanctuary Reconstructions: Tel Lachish Archaeological Site — 3D archaeological site model from the Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East documenting the fortified Judean city of Lachish ( Tel Lachish )—the second most important city in the Kingdom of Judah after Jerusalem , besieged by Sennacherib in 701 BC and by Nebuchadnezzar II in 586 BC ( Jeremiah 34:7 ). Ancient Babylon Scale Model (600 BC) — Architectural scale model of Neo-Babylonian Babylon around 600 BC from the Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem, showing the Euphrates River dividing the walled city, the Processional Way, the Ishtar Gate , Nebuchadnezzar's Southern Palace, and the Etemenanki ziggurat precinct.

Scripture Witness (KJV) & Canonical Context

Primary KJV scripture witnesses include Isaiah 24:12 : "In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten with destruction."; Proverbs 10:15 : "The rich man's wealth is his strong city: the destruction of the poor is their poverty."; Psalms 9:6 : "O thou enemy, destructions are come to a perpetual end: and thou hast destroyed cities; their memorial is perished with them.". Related canonical books and chapters: Jeremiah 39 ( Jeremiah • Chapter 39 (18 verses)), Jeremiah 6 ( Jeremiah • Chapter 6 (30 verses)), Jonah 3 ( Jonah • Chapter 3 (10 verses)).

Connected Topics & Entities Book/Chapter Verse Person Place Lexicon Theology Commentary

Topics, People & Places (36)

City of Destruction
99% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • On • 30.108°N, 31.338°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Isa 19:18 (identified with On).

City of the Lord
99% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Jerusalem • 31.777°N, 35.235°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Isa 60:14 (identified with Jerusalem ).

City of Salt
99% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Engedi • 31.462°N, 35.392°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 15:62 (identified with Engedi ).

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VIDEO • educational

Historical video footage recording the main entrance to the Old City of Jerusalem from the coastal plain and Mediterranean port of Joppa .

Lumière Brothers Historical Cinema (1897) • Wikimedia Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0
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VIDEO • educational

Cinematic survey of the Old City of Jerusalem , showing the Temple Mount, Western Wall, Mount of Olives , and Kidron Valley .

Historical Cartography Society • Wikimedia Commons CC-BY-SA 4.0
Rembrandt — Jeremiah Lamenting the Destruction of Jerusalem (1630)
IMAGE • artwork

The sorrowful prophet resting his head as the city of Jerusalem and Solomon's Temple burn in the distance.

Rembrandt van Rijn • Rijksmuseum / Historical Archive Public Domain Mark 1.0
Megiddo Solomonic City Gate — Six-Chambered Iron Age Gateway
IMAGE • archaeology

Monumental six-chambered ashlar gate matching royal engineering at Hazor and Gezer ( 1 Kings 9:15 ).

Ancient Near Eastern Scribes and Stonemasons • The British Museum / Israel Antiquities Authority CC-BY-SA 4.0
Interactive 3D Archaeological Tell • Joshua 10:31 & 2 Kings 18:14

3D archaeological site model from the Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East documenting the fortified Judean city of Lachish (Tel Lachish)—the second most important city in the Kingdom of Judah after Jerusalem , besieged by Sennacherib in 701 BC and by Nebuchadnezzar II in 586 BC ( Jeremiah 34:7 ).

Map of the Babylonian Empire & Destruction of Jerusalem (586 BCE)
IMAGE • maps

Nebuchadnezzar's siege lines, destruction of the First Temple , and deportation of the exiles to Babylon .

Historical Biblical Cartographers • Geographicus / Wikimedia Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0
Interactive 3D Urban Scale Model • Daniel 1–5 & Jeremiah 50–51

Architectural scale model of Neo-Babylonian Babylon around 600 BC from the Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem , showing the Euphrates River dividing the walled city, the Processional Way, the Ishtar Gate , Nebuchadnezzar's Southern Palace, and the Etemenanki ziggurat precinct.

Pool of Siloam Stepped Bath Excavations
IMAGE • geography

Monumental stone stepped pool at the southern extremity of the City of David where Jesus sent the man born blind to wash.

Israel PikiWiki project • Israel PikiWiki CC-BY 2.5
Erastus Inscription — Corinth City Treasurer (Romans 16:23)
IMAGE • archaeology

Paved limestone plaza inscription in ancient Corinth reading 'Erastus in return for his aedileship laid this pavement at his own expense'.

Ancient Near Eastern Scribes and Stonemasons • The British Museum / Israel Antiquities Authority CC-BY-SA 4.0
Jeremiah 39
77% Chapter
Jeremiah • Chapter 39 (18 verses)

In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah , in the tenth month, came Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and all his army against Jerusalem , and they besieged it. And in the eleventh year of Zedekiah , in the fourth month, the ninth day of the month, the city was broken up. And all th... Mentions: Zedekiah (or Matteniah), Judah , Jacob/Israel , Babylon , Jerusalem , Jericho , Riblah 1 , Hamath .

Interactive 3D Museum Scale Model • 2 Samuel 5 & 1 Kings 6–9

Topographical scale model of royal Jerusalem during the First Temple period (Iron Age II) from the Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem , illustrating the City of David spur, the Ophel , the Kidron and Tyropoeon valleys, and Solomon's Temple complex crowning Mount Moriah .

ἀπώλεια
apoleia (apṓleia) [ap-o'-li-a]
G0684 Greek noun feminine 18x
destruction, waste, loss

Primary meaning: destruction, waste, loss, perishing. Strong's: ruin or loss (physical, spiritual or eternal). Lexical nuances: destruction , waste , loss , perishing (in π. , of money, v. MM, s.v.): Mt 26:8 , Mk 14:4 , Ac 8:20 , Ro 9:22 , I Ti 6:9 , II Pe 2:1 ; in special sense of the loss of eternal life, perdition , the antithesis of σωτηρία : Mt 7:13 , Jo 17:12 , Phl 1:28 3:19 , II Th 2:3 , He 10:39 , II Pe 2:3 3:7 , 16 , Re 17:8 , 11 ( DB , iii, 744).†

Derivation: from a presumed derivative of G622 (ἀπόλλυμι);
Jeremiah 6
70% Chapter
Jeremiah • Chapter 6 (30 verses)

O ye children of Benjamin , gather yourselves to flee out of the midst of Jerusalem , and blow the trumpet in Tekoa , and set up a sign of fire in Beth–haccerem: for evil appeareth out of the north, and great destruction. I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate ... Mentions: Benjamin , Jacob/Israel , Jerusalem , Tekoa , Zion , Sheba .

Jonah 3
68% Chapter
Jonah • Chapter 3 (10 verses)

And the word of the Lord came unto Jonah the second time, saying, Arise, go unto Nineveh , that great city, and preach unto it the preaching that I bid thee. So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh , according to the word of the Lord. Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city of three ... Mentions: Nineveh.

Jericho Walls — Neolithic and Bronze Age Defenses at Tel es-Sultan
IMAGE • archaeology

Stone revetment and collapsed mudbrick ramparts at ancient Jericho , the lowest and oldest fortified city on earth.

Ancient Near Eastern Scribes and Stonemasons • The British Museum / Israel Antiquities Authority CC-BY-SA 4.0
Ezekiel 9
66% Chapter
Ezekiel • Chapter 9 (11 verses)

He cried also in mine ears with a loud voice, saying, Cause them that have charge over the city to draw near, even every man with his destroying weapon in his hand. And, behold, six men came from the way of the higher gate, which lieth toward the north, and every man a slaughter ... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Judah , Jerusalem .

Gustave Doré — The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (1866)
IMAGE • artwork

Fire and sulfur raining down from heaven upon the cities of the plain as Lot flees to Zoar .

Gustave Doré / La Grande Bible de Tours • La Grande Bible de Tours (1866) Public Domain Mark 1.0
Numbers 35
66% Chapter
Numbers • Chapter 35 (34 verses)

And the Lord spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho , saying, Command the children of Israel , that they give unto the Levites of the inheritance of their possession cities to dwell in; and ye shall give also unto the Levites suburbs for the cities round abou... Mentions: Moses , Moab , Jacob/Israel , Canaan , Jordan , Jericho .

חֵרֶם
herem (ḥērem) [KHAY-rem]
H2764 Hebrew noun masculine 29x
devoted thing, ban, utter destruction

That which is irrevocably dedicated to God, ban of utter destruction; in holy war, complete consecration of pagan enemy to divine judgment without private plunder.

Derivation: From חָרַם (H2763) to dedicate, ban.
ἀπόλλυμι
apollymi (apóllymi) [ap-ol'-loo-mee]
G0622 Greek verb 90x
to destroy utterly, destroy, kill

Primary meaning: to destroy utterly, destroy, kill, to lose utterly. Strong's: to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively. Lexical nuances: Act., to destroy utterly , destroy , kill : Mk 1:24 , 9:22 , al.; τ. ψνχήν , Mt 10:28 , al.; to lose utterly : Mt 10:42 , al.; metaph., of failing to save, Jo 6:39 18:9 .

Derivation: from G575 (ἀπό) and the base of G3639 (ὄλεθρος);
Isaiah 17
64% Chapter
Isaiah • Chapter 17 (14 verses)

The burden of Damascus . Behold, Damascus is taken away from being a city, and it shall be a ruinous heap. The cities of Aroer are forsaken: they shall be for flocks, which shall lie down, and none shall make them afraid. The fortress also shall cease from Ephraim , and the kingdom... Mentions: Ephraim , Jacob/Israel , Damascus, Aroer 1 , Syria , Rephaim .

Luke 10
64% Chapter
Luke • Chapter 10 (42 verses)

After these things the Lord appointed other seventy also, and sent them two and two before his face into every city and place, whither he himself would come. Therefore said he unto them, The harvest truly is great, but the labourers are few: pray ye therefore the Lord of the harv... Mentions: Yeshua the Messiah , Mary , Sodom , Chorazin , Bethsaida , Tyre , Sidon .

2 Kings 25
63% Chapter
2 Kings • Chapter 25 (30 verses)

And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem , and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about. And the city was besieged... Mentions: Zedekiah (or Matteniah ), Solomon , Seraiah , Zephaniah , Judah , Babylon , Jerusalem , Jericho , Riblah 1 , Hamath .

Acts 22
62% Chapter
Acts • Chapter 22 (30 verses)

Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defence which I make now unto you. (And when they heard that he spake in the Hebrew tongue to them, they kept the more silence: and he saith,) I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus , a city in Cilicia , yet brought up in this city a... Mentions: Saul , Yeshua the Messiah , Tarsus , Cilicia , Damascus , Jerusalem , Nazareth .

Ezekiel 40
62% Chapter
Ezekiel • Chapter 40 (49 verses)

In the five and twentieth year of our captivity, in the beginning of the year, in the tenth day of the month, in the fourteenth year after that the city was smitten, in the selfsame day the hand of the Lord was upon me, and brought me thither. In the visions of God brought he me ... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Zadok , Levi .

ἀναθεματίζω
anathematizo (anathematízō) [an-ath-em-at-id'-zo]
G0332 Greek verb 4x
to devote to destruction, declare, invoke anathema

Primary meaning: to devote to destruction, declare, invoke anathema, to bind oneself under a curse. Strong's: to declare or vow under penalty of execration. Lexical nuances: to devote to destruction , declare or invoke anathema : absol., Mk 14:71 ; ἐαντόν , to bind oneself under a curse : Ac 23:12 , 14 23:21 (cf. καταναθεματίζω , and on the occurrence of the word in π. , v. Deiss., LAE , 92 f.; MM, VGT , s.v.).†

Derivation: from G331 (ἀνάθεμα);
Interactive 3D Cuneiform Prism • 2 Kings 18–19 & Isaiah 36–37

Six-sided baked clay prism discovered at Nineveh inscribed with the annals of Assyrian King Sennacherib's 701 BC campaign against Judah , famously declaring that he shut up ' Hezekiah the Judahite within Jerusalem , his royal city, like a bird in a cage'—without claiming to capture the city ( 2 Kings 19:32–36 ).

The First Book of the Maccabees • Chapter 6 (63 verses)

And king Antiochus was journeying through the upper countries; and he heard say, that in Elymais in Persia there was a city renowned for riches, for silver and gold; and that the temple which was in it was rich exceedingly, and that therein were golden shields, and breastplates, ... Mentions: Judah , Jacob/Israel , Judas , Eleazar , Persia , Babylon , Jerusalem , Media , Antioch 1 .

Isaiah 22
60% Chapter
Isaiah • Chapter 22 (25 verses)

The burden of the valley of vision. What aileth thee now, that thou art wholly gone up to the housetops? Thou that art full of stirs, a tumultuous city, a joyous city: thy slain men are not slain with the sword, nor dead in battle. All thy rulers are fled together, they are bound... Mentions: Elam , Judah , David , Jehoiakim (or Eliakim ), Hilkiah , Kir , Jerusalem .

Joshua 20
60% Chapter
Joshua • Chapter 20 (9 verses)

The Lord also spake unto Joshua , saying, Speak to the children of Israel , saying, Appoint out for you cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses : That the slayer that killeth any person unawares and unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge ... Mentions: Joshua , Jacob/Israel , Moses , Naphtali , Ephraim , Kedesh 1 , Galilee , Shechem , Hebron .

Map of Jerusalem & Temple Mount in the 1st Century CE
IMAGE • maps

Architectural map of Herodian Jerusalem showing the Antonia Fortress, Temple Courts, Royal Stoa, and City Walls.

Michael Avi-Yonah (Holyland Model of Jerusalem) • Israel Museum / Wikimedia Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0
Isaiah 24
59% Chapter
Isaiah • Chapter 24 (23 verses)

Behold, the Lord maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof. And it shall be, as with the people, so with the priest; as with the servant, so with his master; as with the maid, so with her mistress; as wi... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Zion , Jerusalem .

Scripture Passages (24)

In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten with destruction.

The rich man's wealth is his strong city: the destruction of the poor is their poverty.

O thou enemy, destructions are come to a perpetual end: and thou hast destroyed cities; their memorial is perished with them.

In that day shall five cities in the land of Egypt speak the language of Canaan , and swear to the Lord of hosts; one shall be called, The city of destruction.

And it was so, that, after they had carried it about, the hand of the Lord was against the city with a very great destruction: and he smote the men of the city, both small and great, and they had emerods in their secret parts.

Mine eyes do fail with tears, my bowels are troubled, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the destruction of the daughter of my people; because the children and the sucklings swoon in the streets of the city.

So they sent and gathered together all the lords of the Philistines, and said, Send away the ark of the God of Israel , and let it go again to his own place, that it slay us not, and our people: for there was a deadly destruction throughout all the city; the hand of God was very heavy there.

Destruction upon destruction is cried; for the whole land is spoiled: suddenly are my tents spoiled, and my curtains in a moment.

Let destruction come upon him at unawares; and let his net that he hath hid catch himself: into that very destruction let him fall.

Destruction and misery are in their ways:

Hell is naked before him, and destruction hath no covering.

Fear and a snare is come upon us, desolation and destruction.

Pride goeth before destruction, and an haughty spirit before a fall.

For their heart studieth destruction, and their lips talk of mischief.

Destruction cometh; and they shall seek peace, and there shall be none.

A voice of crying shall be from Horonaim , spoiling and great destruction.

A sound of battle is in the land, and of great destruction.

Thou turnest man to destruction; and sayest, Return, ye children of men.

His strength shall be hungerbitten, and destruction shall be ready at his side.

Destruction and death say, We have heard the fame thereof with our ears.

Before destruction the heart of man is haughty, and before honour is humility.

Shall thy lovingkindness be declared in the grave? or thy faithfulness in destruction?

He sent his word, and healed them, and delivered them from their destructions.

Wise men lay up knowledge: but the mouth of the foolish is near destruction.

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