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wind, breath, the spirit. Primary meaning: wind, breath, the spirit, in spirit. Strong's: a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit. Lexical nuances: of air in motion; wind : Jo 3:8 ; pl., He 1:7 (LXX) ; breath : π. ζωῆς , Re 11:11 ; π. τοῦ στόματος , fig., II Th 2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33):6 ).

breath, breath of life, life, the vital principle. Primary meaning: breath, breath of life, life, the vital principle, the soul. Strong's: breath, i.e. (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only; thus distinguished on the one hand from G4151 (πνεῦμα), which is the rational and immortal soul; and on the other from G2222 (ζωή), which is mere vitality, even of plants: these terms thus exactly correspond respectively to the Hebrew H05315, H07307 and H02416). Lexical nuances: breath (Lat. anima ), breath of life, life (Hom., al.; in Arist., of the vital principle ): Mt 6:25 , Mk 3:4 10:45 , Lk 12:22 , Jo 10:11 , Ac 20:10 , 24 , II Co 1:23 , Phl 2:30 , I Th 2:8 , al. the soul , as the seat of the will, desires and affections: Mt 26:38 , Mk 12:30 (LXX) 14:34 , Lk 1:46 , Jo 10:24 , Ac 14:2 , Phl 1:27 , al.; ἐκ ψυχῆς , from the heart , heartily : Eph 6:6 , Col 3:23 ; as...

an oracle. Primary meaning: an oracle. Strong's: an utterance (of God). Lexical nuances: an oracle : Ac 7:38 , Ro 3:2 , He 5:12 , I Pe 4:11 (on the eccl., λόγια τ. Κυρίου , v. Lft., Essay on Sup. Rel. , 172 ff.).†

to be trusted, believed, trusty. Primary meaning: to be trusted, believed, trusty, faithful. Strong's: objectively, trustworthy; subjectively, trustful. Lexical nuances: Pass., to be trusted or believed ; of persons, trusty , faithful : Mt 24:45 25:21 , 23 , Lk 12:42 , Ac 16:15 , I Co 4:2 , 17 7:25 , Eph 1:1 6:21 , Col 1:2 , 7 4:7 , 9 , I Ti 1:12 , II Ti 2:2 , He 2:17 3:2 , 5 , I Pe 5:12 , Re 2:13 19:11 ; of God, I Co 1:9 10:13 , II Co 1:18 , I Th 5:24 , II Th 3:3 , He 10:23 11:11 , II Ti 2:13 , I Jo 1:9 , I Pe 4:19 ; seq. ἐν , Lk 16:10-12 19:17 , I Ti 3:11 ; ἐ...

a running or flowing together, understanding, the understanding, the mind or intelligence. Primary meaning: a running or flowing together, understanding, the understanding, the mind or intelligence. Strong's: a mental putting together, i.e. intelligence or (concretely) the intellect. Lexical nuances: a running or flowing together (Hom.).

peace. Primary meaning: peace. Strong's: peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity. Lexical nuances: peace ; of public peace, freedom from war: Lk 14:32 , Ac 12:20 24:2 ; of the church, Ac 9:31 . Of peace between persons, concord, agreement : Mt 10:34 , Lk 12:51 , Ro 14:17 , I Co 7:15 , Ga 5:22 , Ja 3:18 ; ζητεῖν εἰ. , I Pe 3:11 ; διώκειν , II Ti 2:22 ; ib. seq. μετὰ πάντων , He 12:14 ; by meton., of him who brings peace, Eph 2:14 . As in LXX (= Heb. שָׁלוֹם , Aram. שְׁלָם ), of a state of secur...

a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation, knowledge. Primary meaning: a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation, knowledge. Strong's: knowing (the act), i.e. (by implication) knowledge. Lexical nuances: a seeking to know, inquiry, investigation . knowledge , in NT, specially of the kn. of spiritual truth: absol., Lk 11:52 , Ro 2:20 15:14 , I Co 1:5 (Lft., Notes , 147) 8:1 , 7 , 10 , 11 , 13:2 , 8 14:6 , II Co 6:6 8:7 11:6 , Eph 3:19 , Col 2:3 , I Pe 3:7 , II Pe 1:5 , 6 ; c. gen. obj., σωτηρίας , Lk 1:77 ; τ. δόξης τ. θεοῦ , II Co 4:6 ; τ. θεοῦ , II Co 2:14 10:5 ; Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ , Phl 3:8 (v. De...

origin, lineage, birth. Primary meaning: origin, lineage, birth. Strong's: nativity; figuratively, nature. Lexical nuances: origin, lineage : βίβλος γενέσεως (as in Ge 2:4 a 5:1 ), Mt 1:1 . birth : Mt 1:18 , Lk 1:14 (Rec. γέννησις ); πρόσωπον τῆς γ. , face of his birth ("what God made him to be," Hort., in l.), Ja 1:23 ; ὁ τροχὸς τῆς γ. , the wheel (course) of birth or creation ("the wheel of man's nature according to its original Divine purpose," Hort), Ja 3:6 .†

to uncover, reveal, disclose, go into exile. To strip, uncover, reveal secret mysteries (galah ozen / galah sod); also physically to go into exile, stripped of homeland.

witness, testimony, evidence. Primary meaning: witness, testimony, evidence. Strong's: evidence given (judicially or genitive case). Lexical nuances: witness , testimony , evidence : Mk 14:56 , Lk 22:71 , Jo 5:34 19:35 21:24 , I Ti 3:7 , Tit 1:13 , III Jo 12 , Re 11:7 ; c. gen. subj., Mk 14:9 , Jo 8:17 (LXX aliter) , I Jo 5:9 ; seq. κατά , c. gen. pers., Mk 14:55 ; esp. of witness concerning Christ and divine things, Jo 1:7 3:11 , 32 , 33 5:32 , 36 , Re 6:9 ; c. gen. subj., Jo 1:19 5:31 8:13 , 14 , Ac 22:18 , I Jn 5:9-11 , Re 12:11 ; c. gen....

usage, custom, law. Primary meaning: usage, custom, law. Strong's: law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a principle). Lexical nuances: that which is assigned, hence, usage , custom , then law ; in NT (only in Mt, Jo, Ja, and the Lucan and Pauline bks.); of law in general: Ro 3:27 5:13b ; pl., of divine laws, He 8:10 10:16 ; ὁ ν. τ. Χριστοῦ , Ga 6:2 ; (τ.) ἐλευθερίας , Ja 1:25 2:12 ; βασιλικιός (Hort., in l.; Deiss., LAE , 367 3 ), Ja 2:8 . Of a force or influence impelling to action: Ro 7:21 , 23a , 25 8:2 . Of the Mosaic law:...

a calling, call. Primary meaning: a calling, call. Strong's: an invitation (figuratively). Lexical nuances: a calling , call ; in NT, always of the Divine call to salvation: Ro 11:29 , I Co 1:26 7:20 , Eph 1:18 4:1 , 4 , Phl 3:14 , II Th 1:11 , II Ti 1:9 , He 3:1 , II Pe 1:10 (Cremer, 332).†

nation, gentile, people group. Nation, body of people, pagan gentiles; geopolitical peoples of earth in distinction from Israel, yet promised redemption through seed of Abraham.

a taking up. Primary meaning: a taking up. Strong's: ascension. Lexical nuances: a taking up : Lk 9:51 (MM, VGT , s.v.).†

haste, speed, zeal, diligence, earnestness. Primary meaning: haste, speed, zeal, diligence, earnestness. Strong's: "speed", i.e. (by implication) despatch, eagerness, earnestness. Lexical nuances: haste, speed : μετὰ σ. ( Wi 19:2 ), Mk 6:25 , Lk 1:39 .

a consummator, finisher. Primary meaning: a consummator, finisher. Strong's: a completer, i.e. consummater. Lexical nuances: a consummator, finisher : He 12:2 (nowhere else).†

gracefulness, grace, loveliness, graciousness, grace, graciousness, kindness, goodwill, favour. Primary meaning: gracefulness, grace, loveliness, graciousness, grace, graciousness, kindness, goodwill, favour, favour, grace. Strong's: graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart, and its reflection in the life; including gratitude). Lexical nuances: objectively, that which causes favourable regard, gracefulness, grace, loveliness of form, graciousness of speech (cl.; Ec 10:12 , Si 21:16 , al.): Col 4:6 ; λόγοι τ. χάριτος (gen. qual.), Lk 4:22 . Subjectively, on the part of the giver, grace, graciousness, kindness, goodwill, favour : Lk 2:52 , Ac 7:10 , al.; esp. in NT of the divine favour, grace , with emphasis on its freeness and universa...

to speak allegorically. Primary meaning: to speak allegorically. Strong's: to allegorize. Lexical nuances: to speak allegorically (Cremer, 96 ff.): Ga 4:24 .†

evil, bad, calamity, harmful. Bad, injurious, evil, adversity; spans moral wickedness and physical calamity, contrasted with good (tov) in the knowledge of good and evil.

a testimony, witness, proof. Primary meaning: a testimony, witness, proof. Strong's: something evidential, i.e. (genitive case) evidence given or (specially), the Decalogue (in the sacred Tabernacle). Lexical nuances: a testimony , witness , proof (Hdt., Thuc., al.): c. gen. subj., II Co 1:12 , II Th 1:10 ; c. gen. obj., Ac 4:33 , I Co 1:6 2:1 (WH, txt., R, txt., μυστήριον ; II Ti 1:8 ; εἰς μ. , Mt 8:4 10:18 Mt 24:14 , Mk 1:44 6:11 13:9 , Lk 5:14 9:5 21:13 , He 3:5 , Ja 5:3 ; τὸ μ. καιροῖς ἰδίοις ( CGT , in l.), I Ti 2:6 ; ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μ. (LXX for אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד ), Ac 7:44 , Re 15:5 .†

to make, do, fashion, accomplish. To make, produce, fashion, perform; broad verb of creative and historical action, describing God making the cosmos and fulfilling covenant.

fellowship, communion, contribution. Primary meaning: fellowship, communion, contribution. Strong's: partnership, i.e. (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction. Lexical nuances: fellowship , communion : Ac 2:42 , II Co 6:14 , Phl 1:5 ; τ. υἱοῦ , I Co 1:9 ; τ. αἵματος, σώματος Χρ. , I Co 10:16 ; παθημάτων αὐτσῦ , Phl 3:10 ; τ. πνεύματος , II Co 13:13 , Phl 2:1 ; δεξιὰς κοινωνίας , Ga 2:9 ; τ. πίστεώς σου , Phm 6 ; seq. μετὰ : τ. πατρός , I Jo 1:3 , 6 ; ἡμῶν, ἀλλήλων , ib. 3 , 7 .

consciousness, conscience. Primary meaning: consciousness, conscience. Strong's: co-perception, i.e. moral consciousness. Lexical nuances: consciousness : c. gen. obj., He 10:2 , I Pe 2:19 .

inspired by God. Primary meaning: inspired by God. Strong's: divinely breathed in. Lexical nuances: inspired by God : II Ti 3:16 .†

an image, likeness. Primary meaning: an image, likeness. Strong's: a likeness, i.e. (literally) statue, profile, or (figuratively) representation, resemblance. Lexical nuances: an image, likeness : Mt 22:20 , Mk 12:16 , Lk 20:24 , Ro 1:23 , I Co 15:49 , Re 13:14 , 15 14:9 , 11 15:2 16:2 19:20 20:4 ; opp. to σκιά , He 10:1 ; of man, εἰ. θεοῦ , I Co 11:7 ; of the regenerate, εἰ. τ. θεοῦ Col 3:10 (v. Lft., in l.); εἰ. τ. υἱοῦ τ. θεοῦ , Ro 8:29 , II Co 3:18 ; of Christ, εἰ. τ. θεοῦ , II Co 4:4 , Col 1:15 .† SYN. : ὁμοίωμα , denoting resemblance, which may however be merel...

to show grace, be gracious, bestow favor. To bend down, show unmerited favor, pity; heartfelt petition of psalmist ('Be gracious to me, O God, according to Your lovingkindness', Psalm 51:1).

a witness. Primary meaning: a witness. Strong's: a witness (literally (judicially) or figuratively (genitive case)); by analogy, a "martyr". Lexical nuances: a witness : Ac 10:41 , I Ti 6:12 , II Ti 2:2 , He 12:1 (Westc., in l.); in forensic sense, Mt 18:16 26:65 , Mk 14:63 , Ac 6:13 7:58 , II Co 13:1 , I Ti 5:19 , He 10:28 ; c. gen. obj., Lk 24:48 , Ac 1:22 2:32 3:15 5:32 10:39 26:16 , I Pe 5:1 ; c. gen. poss., Ac 1:8 13:31 , Re 11:3 ; c. dat. pers., Lk 11:48 , Ac 22:15 ; of Christ, Re 1:5 3:14 ; of God, Ro 1:9 , II Co 1:23 , Phl 1:8 , I Th 2:5 , 1...

a tent, booth, tabernacle. Primary meaning: a tent, booth, tabernacle. Strong's: a tent or cloth hut (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: a tent, booth, tabernacle : Mt 17:4 , Mk 9:5 , Lk 9:33 , He 11:9 ; αἱ αἰώνιοι σ. , Lk 16:9 ; of the Mosaic tabernacle, He 8:5 9:2, 3 , 6 , 8 , 21 ; σ. τ. μαρτυρίου , Ac 7:44 ; of its heavenly prototype, He 8:2 9:11 , Re 13:6 15:5 21:3 ; of the temple, He 13:10 ; ἡ σ. τοῦ Μολόχ , Ac 7:43 (LXX) ; metaph., ἡ σ. Δαυείδ Ac 15:16 (LXX) .†

beloved, dear, loving, friendly, a friend. Primary meaning: beloved, dear, loving, friendly, a friend. Strong's: actively, fond, i.e. friendly (still as a noun, an associate, neighbor, etc.). Lexical nuances: pass., beloved, dear (Hom., Eur., al.).

to shine, give light, to illumine, enlighten, to bring to light, make known. Primary meaning: to shine, give light, to illumine, enlighten, to bring to light, make known. Strong's: to shed rays, i.e. to shine or (transitively) to brighten up (literally or figuratively). Lexical nuances: intrans., to shine, give light (Arist., Plut., a1.): seq. ἐπί , Re 22:5 .

a gift of grace, a free gift. Primary meaning: a gift of grace, a free gift. Strong's: a (divine) gratuity, i.e. deliverance (from danger or passion); (specially), a (spiritual) endowment, i.e. (subjectively) religious qualification, or (objectively) miraculous faculty. Lexical nuances: a gift of grace, a free gift , esp. of extra­ordinary operations of the Spirit in the Apostolic Church, but including all spiritual graces and endowments (Lft., Notes , 148 f.): Ro 1:11 5:15, 16 6:23 11:29 12:6 , I Co 1:7 7:7 12:4 , 9 , 28 , 30, 31 , II Co 1:11 , I Ti 4:14 , II Ti 1:6 , I Pe 4:10 .†

gentle, meek. Primary meaning: gentle, meek. Strong's: mild, i.e. (by implication) humble. Lexical nuances: gentle , meek : Mt 5:5 11:29 21:5 (LXX) , I Pe 3:4 .†

to comfort, relent, have compassion. To sigh deeply, breathe with relief, comfort, relent, have compassion; God comforting His afflicted people ('Comfort, comfort My people', Isaiah 40:1).

to show favour or kindness, to give freely, bestow, to grant forgiveness, forgive freely. Primary meaning: to show favour or kindness, to give freely, bestow, to grant forgiveness, forgive freely. Strong's: to grant as a favor, i.e. gratuitously, in kindness, pardon or rescue. Lexical nuances: to show favour or kindness : c. dat. pers., Ga 3:18 .

to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand, to know, realize, to become known. Primary meaning: to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand, to know, realize, to become known, to know. Strong's: to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed). Lexical nuances: to be taking in knowledge, come to know, recognize, perceive, understand ; in past tenses to know, realize ; pass., to become known : c. acc., Mt 22:18 , Mk 5:43 , Col 4:8 , I Th 3:5 , al. Pass., Mt 10:26 , Phl 4:5 , al.; seq. ὅτι , Mt 21:45 , Jo 4:1 , al.; τί , Mt 6:3 ; ἀπό , Mk 15:45 ; ὅ , Ro 7:15 ; τ. λεγόμενα , Lk 18:34 ; τ. θέλημα , Lk 12:47 ; τ. καρδίας , Lk 16:15 ; c acc. pers., of recog...

legislation, lawgiving. Primary meaning: legislation, lawgiving. Strong's: legislation (specially, the institution of the Mosaic code). Lexical nuances: legislation , lawgiving : Ro 9:4 .†