Aseity, Simplicity, Immutability, Omnipresence, Omniscience, and Holiness
Direct biblical revelation uniformly attributes self-existence ( Exod 3:14 ), unchangeableness ( Mal 3:6 ), eternal presence ( Ps 139 ), exhaustive omniscience ( Isa 46:10 ), and transcendent holiness ( Isa 6:3 ) to YHWH.
divine nature, divinity
Primary meaning: divine nature, divinity. Strong's: divinity (abstractly). Lexical nuances: divine nature , divinity : Ro 1:20 (for ex. from π. , v. MM, Exp. , xv).†
Derivation: from G2304 (θεῖος);
nature, nature, origin, birth
Primary meaning: nature, nature, origin, birth, nature. Strong's: growth (by germination or expansion), i.e. (by implication) natural production (lineal descent); by extension, a genus or sort; figuratively, native disposition, constitution or usage. Lexical nuances: nature , i.e.,
Derivation: from G5453 (φύω);
divine, the Deity
Primary meaning: divine, the Deity. Strong's: godlike (neuter as noun, divinity). Lexical nuances: divine : δύναμις , II Pe 1:3 ; φύσις (for parallel in π. , v. MM, Exp. , xv), II Pe 1:4 ; τὸ θ. , the Deity (so in cl.; of God, in Philo and FlJ), Ac 17:29 .†
Derivation: from G2316 (θεός);
natural, produced by nature, innate, according to nature
Primary meaning: natural, produced by nature, innate, according to nature, governed by mere natural instinct. Strong's: "physical", i.e. (by implication) instinctive. Lexical nuances: natural
Derivation: from G5449 (φύσις);
origin, lineage, birth
Primary meaning: origin, lineage, birth. Strong's: nativity; figuratively, nature. Lexical nuances: origin, lineage : βίβλος γενέσεως (as in Ge 2:4 a 5:1 ), Mt 1:1 . birth : Mt 1:18 , Lk 1:14 (Rec. γέννησις ); πρόσωπον τῆς γ. , face of his birth ("what God made him to be," Hort., in l.), Ja 1:23 ; ὁ τροχὸς τῆς γ. , the wheel (course) of birth or creation ("the wheel of man's nature according to its original Divine purpose," Hort), Ja 3:6 .†
Derivation: from the same as G1074 (γενεά);
good, pleasant, beneficial
Good, pleasant, morally upright, beneficial, beautiful; reflecting divine design in creation and the benevolent moral nature of God.
Derivation: From טוֹב (H2895) to be good.
vengeance, divine retribution
Retribution, divine vindication of covenant people against unrepentant oppressors (Jeremiah 51:11, Ezekiel 25:14).
Derivation: From נָקָם (H5359).
mystery, divine secret revealed by God
Mystery, divine eschatological secret beyond human intelligence, revealed exclusively by the God of heaven to His prophets (Daniel 2:18, 19, 27, 28, 47).
Derivation: From Persian origin.
God, gods, deity
Plural of majesty used predominantly with singular verbs to designate the one true God, Creator of the universe, possessing supreme transcendent power, sovereign authority, and plenitude of divine attributes.
Derivation: Plural of אֱלוֹהַּ (H433), probably from אֵל (H410).
The Biblical Antinomy, Second Temple Philosophical Sects, and Monergism vs Synergism
Scripture uncompromisingly affirms both God's unconditional sovereign decree ( Eph 1:11 , Rom 9 ) and genuine human moral accountability ( Josh 24:15 , Ezek 18:32 ). Harmonizing this biblical tension represents the definitive theological debate between Monergism (Augustinian/Reformed) and Synergism (Cassian/Arminian/Molinist).
Theopneustos, Dual Authorship, Infallibility, and Sola Scriptura
Primary biblical claim that all Scripture is God-breathed (theopneustos, 2 Tim 3:16 ) and produced by human authors carried along by the Holy Spirit ( 2 Pet 1:20-21 ). Sola Scriptura articulates its unique supreme authority for faith and practice.
to prophesy, speak under divine inspiration
To prophesy, speak under the influence of the Holy Spirit, proclaim divine oracles.
Derivation: Denominative from נָבִיא (H5030).
fire, flame, consuming judgment
Fire; physical combustion and theophanic symbol of divine holiness, presence, and consuming judgment ('consuming fire', Deuteronomy 4:24).
Derivation: Primitive word.
The Tetragrammaton, Adonai, El Shaddai, and Sacred Inscriptional Evidence
Unassailable manuscript witness with 6,828 occurrences of the Tetragrammaton (YHWH) in the Hebrew Old Testament, attested across early West Semitic epigraphy and Dead Sea Scrolls paleo-Hebrew inscriptions.
to scorn, scoff, mock, interpret
To scoff at divine instruction, mock moral rebuke, deride sacred truth; chief antagonist in Proverbs.
Derivation: Primitive root.
The Wisdom of Solomon • Chapter 13 (19 verses)
For verily all men by nature were but vain who had no perception of God, And from the good things that are seen they gained not power to know him that is, Neither by giving heed to the works did they recognize the artificer; But either fire, or wind, or swift air, Or circling ...
cursed, doomed, under divine ban
Passive participle of arar; under divine curse and judicial condemnation for breach of holy order.
Derivation: From אָרַר (H779).
Biblical Metaphors, Nicene Attributes, and the Reformation Notae Ecclesiae
The Church is divinely instituted by Christ ( Matt 16:18 ) and revealed as the Spirit-baptized Body of Christ , Bride of Christ, and spiritual Temple ( 1 Cor 12 , Eph 2 , 1 Pet 2 ). The institutional marks (Notae Ecclesiae) and polity forms (episcopal, presbyterian, congregational) represent long-standing scholarly debate.
Interactive 3D Rock-Hewn Tomb • Matthew 27:60 & John 19:41
Photogrammetry scan of a rock-hewn Jerusalem burial cave in the Kidron Valley carved directly into the natural limestone bedrock with a low rectangular entrance and interior burial benches—illustrating the architecture of Judean rock-cut family tombs from Isaiah 22:16 to the Gospel accounts of the burial and resurrection of Jesus ( Matthew 27:60 ; John 19:41 ).
called, invited, saints by calling
Primary meaning: called, invited, saints by calling. Strong's: invited, i.e. appointed, or (specially), a saint. Lexical nuances: called , invited (as to a banquet, Æsch., I Ki 1:41 , III Mac 5:14 ); in NT, always of the Divine call; to some office: κ. ἀπόστολος , Ro 1:1 , I Co 1:1 ; to salvation: Ro 8:28 , I Co 1:24 , Ju 1 ; κ. καὶ ἐκλεκτοὶ κ. πιστοί , Re 17:14 ; in gosp. (not in pl., v.s. καλέω ) disting. fr. ἐκλεκτός , Mt 20:16 (WH, txt., R, omit), 22:14 ; κ. Ἰησοῦ Χρ. , Ro 1:6 ; κ. ἅγιοι , saints by calling , Ro 1:7 ,...
Derivation: from the same as G2821 (κλῆσις);
to forgive, pardon (solely divine)
To forgive, pardon; reserved in Hebrew Bible exclusively for divine forgiveness, never human pardoning; God blotting out guilt upon atonement.
Derivation: Primitive root.
Biblical Place • Berothah • 33.931°N, 36.152°E
Ancient biblical location referenced in 2 Sam 8:8 (identified with Berothah ).
Ruach Elohim, Pneuma Hagion, Patristic Pneumatology, and the Filioque Debate
Biblical-primary certainty on the full deity and distinct personhood of the Holy Spirit ( Matt 28:19 , Acts 5:3-4 , 1 Cor 2:10-11 ). The historical debate regarding the Filioque ('and the Son') between Western and Eastern branches of the Church is cataloged under scholarly-debate.
to seek refuge, trust in divine protection
To flee for protection, take shelter under shadow of God's wings; vivid psalmic image of absolute spiritual safety.
Derivation: Primitive root.
vengeance, vindication, retributive justice
Vengeance, retributive justice; exclusive divine prerogative to right moral wrongs and vindicate oppressed saints ('Vengeance is Mine, I will repay', Deuteronomy 32:35).
Derivation: From נָקַם (H5358) to avenge.
plague, pestilence, divine blow
Plague, fatal epidemic, divine judicial slaughter against covenant disobedience (Numbers 14:37, 16:48, 2 Samuel 24:21).
Derivation: From נָגַף (H5062) to smite.
Biblical Place • Shechem • 32.214°N, 35.282°E
Ancient biblical location referenced in Judg 9:37 (identified with Shechem ).
The Incarnation of the Logos, Communicatio Idiomatum, and Chalcedonian Orthodoxy
Direct biblical assertions testify that the eternal Logos became flesh ( John 1:14 ), possessing the fullness of the Godhead bodily ( Col 2:9 ) while sharing genuine human weakness and suffering without sin ( Heb 2:14 , 4:15 ).
to know, perceive, choose
To know, ascertain, experience, perceive; in covenant context denotes experiential intimacy, recognition of authority, and divine election ('You only have I known').
Derivation: Primitive root.
of the, natural, sensual
Primary meaning: of the, natural, sensual, natural. Strong's: sensitive, i.e. animate (in distinction on the one hand from G4152 (πνευματικός), which is the higher or renovated nature; and on the other from G5446 (φυσικός), which is the lower or bestial nature). Lexical nuances: of the ψυχή (as the lower part of the immaterial in man), EV, natural : opp. to πνευματικός , I Co 2:14 15:44 , 46 ; πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες (EV, sensual ; R, mg., natural or animal ; better perhaps, of the mind ; v. infr.), Ju 19 ; with ἐπίγειος, δαιμονιώδης , opp. to ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη ( σοψία ), of the mind (Hort, in l.), Ja 3:15 †
Derivation: from G5590 (ψυχή);
2 Peter • Chapter 1 (21 verses)
Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ , to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ: Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord, According as hi... Mentions: Simon , Yeshua the Messiah.
to miss the mark, err, sin
To miss the mark, lose the way, fail to reach divine goal; moral failure deviating from God's righteous standard in thought, word, or deed.
Derivation: Primitive root.
to wait expectantly, hope, tarry
To wait with patient longing, hope amidst affliction; trustful surrender to divine timing (Psalm 130:5).
Derivation: Primitive root.
