The Synoptic Problem: Two-Source & Four-Source Hypotheses
Textual Criticism Relationship Model: Markan Priority, Q Source (Logia), M Source & L Source Underlying Matthew and Luke
Textual criticism model illustrating the literary relationships between Matthew, Mark, and Luke: the Two-Source/Four-Source hypothesis showing Markan priority, the shared Q sayings source, special Matthew (M), and special Luke (L).
Tradition & Hermeneutical Framework
Inter-Confessional / AcademicBible Graph visual studies explicitly document multi-branch confessional and textual representation to prevent sectarian blindspots.
5-Tier Epistemic Validity Breakdown
Independent Ancient Historians 82%Luke 1:1-4 explicitly notes the author consulted prior written narratives and eyewitness accounts.
Empirical agreement in Greek wording and narrative order across the synoptic gospels.
Scholarly debate between Two-Source Hypothesis vs Farrer Hypothesis (dispensing with Q) vs Griesbach (Matthew priority).
Each Gospel writer shaped their material under inspiration for specific audience pastoral needs.