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נָקָם (naqam)

נָקָם (naqam) (Hebrew Lexicon • H5359 • vengeance, vindication, retributive justice): vengeance, vindication, retributive justice. Vengeance, retributive justice; exclusive divine prerogative to right moral wrongs and vindicate oppressed saints ('Vengeance is Mine, I will repay', Deuteronomy 32:35 ). It is closely linked with נְקָמָה (neqama) (Hebrew Lexicon • H5360 • vengeance, divine retribution): vengeance, divine retribution. Retribution, divine vindication of covenant people against unrepentant oppressors ( Jeremiah 51:11 , Ezekiel 25:14 ).

Biblical Geography & Sacred Architecture

Key geographical locations connected to this topic include Arab (Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 15:52 .) Javan (from harper; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionia. Referenced in Isa 66:19 , Ezek 27:13 .) Beth-biri (Ancient biblical location referenced in 1 Chr 4:31 (identified with Madmannah ).) Carchemish (Ancient biblical location referenced in 2 Chr 35:20 , Isa 10:9 , Jer 46:2 .)

Scripture Witness (KJV) & Canonical Context

Primary KJV scripture witnesses include 2 Thessalonians 1:8 : "In flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ :"; Acts 28:4 : "And when the barbarians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he hath escaped the sea, yet vengeance su..."; Hebrews 10:30 : "For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people.". Related canonical books and chapters: Psalms 94 ( Psalms • Chapter 94 (23 verses)), The Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach, or Ecclesiasticus 28 ( The Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach, or Ecclesiasticus • Chapter 28 (26 verses)), Psalms 58 ( Psalms • Chapter 58 (11 verses)).

Connected Topics & Entities Book/Chapter Verse Person Place Lexicon Theology Commentary

Topics, People & Places (36)

נָקָם
naqam (nāqām) [naw-KAWM]
H5359 Hebrew noun masculine 17x
vengeance, vindication, retributive justice

Vengeance, retributive justice; exclusive divine prerogative to right moral wrongs and vindicate oppressed saints ('Vengeance is Mine, I will repay', Deuteronomy 32:35).

Derivation: From נָקַם (H5358) to avenge.
ὀργή
orge (orgḗ) [or-gay']
G3709 Greek noun feminine 36x
impulse, propensity, disposition

Primary meaning: impulse, propensity, disposition, anger. Strong's: properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e. (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implication punishment. Lexical nuances: impulse , propensity , disposition .

Derivation: from G3713 (ὀρέγομαι);
εὐχαριστία
eucharistia (eucharistía) [yoo-khar-is-tee'-ah]
G2169 Greek noun feminine 15x
thankfulness, gratitude, giving of thanks, thanksgiving

Primary meaning: thankfulness, gratitude, giving of thanks, thanksgiving. Strong's: gratitude; actively, grateful language (to God, as an act of worship). Lexical nuances: thankfulness, gratitude (Polyb.; Es, Si, II Mac, ll. c.): Ac 24:3 .

Derivation: from G2170 (εὐχάριστος);
Arab
43% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 31.451°N, 35.046°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Josh 15:52 .

Javan
40% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Ephesus • 37.953°N, 27.368°E

from harper; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionia. Referenced in Isa 66:19 , Ezek 27:13 .

Psalms 94
40% Chapter
Psalms • Chapter 94 (23 verses)

O Lord God, to whom vengeance belongeth; O God, to whom vengeance belongeth, shew thyself. Lift up thyself, thou judge of the earth: render a reward to the proud. Lord, how long shall the wicked, how long shall the wicked triumph? Mentions: Jacob/Israel .

The Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach, or Ecclesiasticus • Chapter 28 (26 verses)

He that takes vengeance shall find vengeance from the Lord; And he will surely make firm his sins. Forgive your neighbor the hurt that he has done you; And then your sins shall be pardoned when you pray. Man cherisheth anger against man; And does he seek healing from the Lord?

Beth-biri
35% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Madmannah • 31.392°N, 34.941°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in 1 Chr 4:31 (identified with Madmannah ).

Carchemish
35% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 36.829°N, 38.016°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in 2 Chr 35:20 , Isa 10:9 , Jer 46:2 .

Psalms 58
35% Chapter
Psalms • Chapter 58 (11 verses)

Do ye indeed speak righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge uprightly, O ye sons of men? Yea, in heart ye work wickedness; ye weigh the violence of your hands in the earth. The wicked are estranged from the womb: they go astray as soon as they be born, speaking lies.

υἱοθεσία
huiothesia (huiothesía) [hwee-oth-es-ee'-ah]
G5206 Greek noun feminine 5x
adoption

Primary meaning: adoption. Strong's: the placing as a son, i.e. adoption (figuratively, Christian sonship in respect to God). Lexical nuances: with Israel: Ro 9:4 ;

Derivation: from a presumed compound of G5207 (υἱός) and a derivative of G5087 (τίθημι);
1 Corinthians 4
33% Chapter
1 Corinthians • Chapter 4 (21 verses)

Let a man so account of us, as of the ministers of Christ , and stewards of the mysteries of God. Moreover it is required in stewards, that a man be found faithful. But with me it is a very small thing that I should be judged of you, or of man's judgment: yea, I judge not mine own... Mentions: Yeshua the Messiah .

The Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach, or Ecclesiasticus • Chapter 46 (20 verses)

Joshua the son of Nun was valiant in war, And was the successor of Moses in prophecies: Who according to his name was made great For the saving of God’s elect, To take vengeance of the enemies that rose up against them, That he might give Israel their inheritance. How was he gl... Mentions: Joshua , Nun (or Non), Moses , Jacob/Israel , Caleb .

Proverbs 6
Connected via נָקָם (naqam) 33% Chapter
Proverbs • Chapter 6 (35 verses)

My son, if thou be surety for thy friend, if thou hast stricken thy hand with a stranger, Thou art snared with the words of thy mouth, thou art taken with the words of thy mouth. Do this now, my son, and deliver thyself, when thou art come into the hand of thy friend; go, humble ...

Aphek 3
33% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 32.778°N, 35.699°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in 1 Kgs 20:26 , 1 Kgs 20:30 , 2 Kgs 13:17 .

Deuteronomy 32
Connected via נָקָם (naqam) 33% Chapter
Deuteronomy • Chapter 32 (52 verses)

Give ear, O ye heavens, and I will speak; and hear, O earth, the words of my mouth. My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the showers upon the grass: Because I will publish the name of the Lord: ascri... Mentions: Adam , Jacob/Israel , Moses , Nun (or Non ), Moab , Bashan , Sodom , Gomorrah , Jordan .

Leviticus 19
Connected via נָקָם (naqam) 32% Chapter
Leviticus • Chapter 19 (37 verses)

And the Lord spake unto Moses , saying, Speak unto all the congregation of the children of Israel , and say unto them, Ye shall be holy: for I the Lord your God am holy. Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and keep my sabbaths: I am the Lord your God. Mentions: Moses , Jacob/Israel , Egypt .

Kamon
32% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Gilead • 32.043°N, 35.724°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Judg 10:5 (identified with Gilead ).

The Fourth Book of the Maccabees • Chapter 4 (26 verses)

For a certain man named Simon , who was in opposition to Onias, who once held the high priesthood for life, and was an honorable and good man, after that by slandering him in every way, he could not injure him with the people, went away as an exile, with the intention of betraying... Mentions: Simon , Syria , Phoenicia , Cilicia , Jerusalem , Egypt .

Babylon
31% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Babel • 32.537°N, 44.421°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in 2 Kgs 17:24 , 2 Kgs 17:30 , 2 Kgs 20:12 , 2 Kgs 20:14 , 2 Kgs 20:17 , 2 Kgs 20:18 (identified with Babel ).

Cenchreae
30% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 37.885°N, 22.993°E

Ancient biblical location referenced in Acts 18:18 , Rom 16:1 .

Teman
29% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 30.204°N, 35.733°E

region. Referenced in Jer 49:7 , Jer 49:20 , Ezek 25:13 , Amos 1:12 , Obad 1:9 .

Jeremiah 50
Connected via נְקָמָה (neqama) 29% Chapter
Jeremiah • Chapter 50 (46 verses)

The word that the Lord spake against Babylon and against the land of the Chaldeans by Jeremiah the prophet. Declare ye among the nations, and publish, and set up a standard; publish, and conceal not: say, Babylon is taken, Bel is confounded, Merodach is broken in pieces; her idol... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Judah , Ephraim , Babylon, Zion , Chaldea , Assyria , Carmel .

Shephelah
29% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • Ekron • 31.778°N, 34.852°E

region. Referenced in 1 Kgs 10:27 , 1 Chr 27:28 , 2 Chr 1:15 , 2 Chr 9:27 , 2 Chr 26:10 .

σταυρόω
stauroo (stauróō) [stow-ro'-o]
G4717 Greek verb 46x
to fence with pales, impalisade, to crucify

Primary meaning: to fence with pales, impalisade, to crucify. Strong's: to impale on the cross; figuratively, to extinguish (subdue) passion or selfishness. Lexical nuances: to fence with pales, impalisade (Thuc.).

Derivation: from G4716 (σταυρός);
μετάνοια
metanoia (metánoia) [met-an'-oy-ah]
G3341 Greek noun feminine 22x
after-thought, change of mind, repentance

Primary meaning: after-thought, change of mind, repentance. Strong's: (subjectively) compunction (for guilt, including reformation); by implication, reversal (of (another's) decision). Lexical nuances: after-thought , change of mind , repentance : He 12:17 ; of repentance from sin, Mt 3:8 , 11 , Lk 3:8 15:7 24:47 , Ac 26:20 , II Co 7:9 , 10 ; βάπτισμα (q.v.) μετανοίας , Mk 1:4 , Lk 3:3 , Ac 13:24 19:4 ; ἡ εἰς θεὸν μ. , Ac 20:21 ; μ. ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων , He 6:1 ; εἰς μ. καλεῖν , Lk 5:32 ; id. ἄγειν , Ro 2:4 ; ἀνακαινίζειν , He 6:6 ; εἰς μ. χωρῆσαι , II Pe 3:9 ; μ. δοῦναι , Ac 5:31 11:18 , II Ti ...

Derivation: from G3340 (μετανοέω);
Cuth
28% Mapped Place
Biblical Place • 32.733°N, 44.667°E

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutha. Referenced in 2 Kgs 17:30 .

Psalms 79
Connected via נְקָמָה (neqama) 28% Chapter
Psalms • Chapter 79 (13 verses)

O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance; thy holy temple have they defiled; they have laid Jerusalem on heaps. The dead bodies of thy servants have they given to be meat unto the fowls of the heaven, the flesh of thy saints unto the beasts of the earth. Their blood hav... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Jerusalem .

Judges 11
Connected via נְקָמָה (neqama) 28% Chapter
Judges • Chapter 11 (40 verses)

Now Jephthah the Gileadite was a mighty man of valour, and he was the son of an harlot: and Gilead begat Jephthah. And Gilead 's wife bare him sons; and his wife's sons grew up, and they thrust out Jephthah, and said unto him, Thou shalt not inherit in our father's house; for thou... Mentions: Ammon , Jacob/Israel , Moab , Esau ( Edom ), Manasseh , Gilead, Tob , Mizpah 3 , Egypt .

Numbers 31
Connected via נְקָמָה (neqama) 27% Chapter
Numbers • Chapter 31 (54 verses)

And the Lord spake unto Moses , saying, Avenge the children of Israel of the Midianites: afterward shalt thou be gathered unto thy people. And Moses spake unto the people, saying, Arm some of yourselves unto the war, and let them go against the Midianites, and avenge the Lord of M... Mentions: Moses, Jacob/Israel , Midian , Phinehas , Eleazar , Rekem , Moab , Jordan , Jericho .

ἐπισκοπή
episkope (episkopḗ) [ep-is-kop-ay']
G1984 Greek noun feminine 4x
a visiting, visitation, office, charge, office of an

Primary meaning: a visiting, visitation, office, charge, office of an. Strong's: inspection (for relief); by implication, superintendence; specially, the Christian "episcopate". Lexical nuances: a visiting, visitation ( εἰς ἐ. τοῦ παιδός , Lucian, dial. deor., 20, 6); as in LXX (after Heb.), of God's visitation in mercy, or in judgment ( Le 19:20 Jb 10:12 , Je 6:15 , Wi 2:20 , al.): Lk 19:44 , I Pe 2:12 (v. Hort, in l.).

Derivation: from G1980 (ἐπισκέπτομαι);
Isaiah 59
Connected via נְקָמָה (neqama) 27% Chapter
Isaiah • Chapter 59 (21 verses)

Behold, the Lord's hand is not shortened, that it cannot save; neither his ear heavy, that it cannot hear: But your iniquities have separated between you and your God, and your sins have hid his face from you, that he will not hear. For your hands are defiled with blood, and your... Mentions: Jacob/Israel , Zion .

Scripture Passages (24)

In flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ :

And when the barbarians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he hath escaped the sea, yet vengeance suffereth not to live.

For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people.

Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.

For these be the days of vengeance, that all things which are written may be fulfilled.

But if our unrighteousness commend the righteousness of God, what shall we say? Is God unrighteous who taketh vengeance? (I speak as a man)

Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.

To me belongeth vengeance, and recompence; their foot shall slide in due time: for the day of their calamity is at hand, and the things that shall come upon them make haste.

If I whet my glittering sword, and mine hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me.

Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood of his servants, and will render vengeance to his adversaries, and will be merciful unto his land, and to his people.

That it might cause fury to come up to take vengeance; I have set her blood upon the top of a rock, that it should not be covered.

Thus saith the Lord God; Because that Edom hath dealt against the house of Judah by taking vengeance, and hath greatly offended, and revenged himself upon them;

And I will lay my vengeance upon Edom by the hand of my people Israel : and they shall do in Edom according to mine anger and according to my fury; and they shall know my vengeance, saith the Lord God.

Thus saith the Lord God; Because the Philistines have dealt by revenge, and have taken vengeance with a despiteful heart, to destroy it for the old hatred;

And I will execute great vengeance upon them with furious rebukes; and they shall know that I am the Lord, when I shall lay my vengeance upon them.

And the Lord said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain , vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the Lord set a mark upon Cain , lest any finding him should kill him.

For it is the day of the Lord's vengeance, and the year of recompences for the controversy of Zion .

Say to them that are of a fearful heart, Be strong, fear not: behold, your God will come with vengeance, even God with a recompence; he will come and save you.

Thy nakedness shall be uncovered, yea, thy shame shall be seen: I will take vengeance, and I will not meet thee as a man.

For he put on righteousness as a breastplate, and an helmet of salvation upon his head; and he put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloak.

To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn;

For the day of vengeance is in mine heart, and the year of my redeemed is come.

And she said unto him, My father, if thou hast opened thy mouth unto the Lord, do to me according to that which hath proceeded out of thy mouth; forasmuch as the Lord hath taken vengeance for thee of thine enemies, even of the children of Ammon .

But, O Lord of hosts, that judgest righteously, that triest the reins and the heart, let me see thy vengeance on them: for unto thee have I revealed my cause.

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